Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone 170

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said. °C (within a likely range of 0.2-0.7

Ozone 218

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

Ozone 210

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2022

The California Air Resources Board today approved a statewide plan for attaining the federal health-based standard for ozone, typically experienced as smog. The 2022 State Implementation Plan Strategy identifies the state’s control strategy for meeting the federal 70 parts per billion, 8-hour ozone standard over the next 15 years.

Ozone 195

Ozone Standards California Pollution 195

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Denver represents an interesting case study for exploring potential PHEV impacts because it violates the federal air quality standard for ozone and because several large EGUs [electricity generating units] are located in or near the urbanized area. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.

Denver 170

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone 150

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2016

As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.

San Jose 150

San Jose Ozone Universal Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate 287

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation 287

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. 2 (5–95% likelihood range of (55, 145)) with major contributions from contrail cirrus (57.4?mW?m The mean contrail cirrus ERF/RF ratio of 0.42

Climate 448

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change 448

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2022

The tractor’s hydrogen tank can hold 67 kg of hydrogen with the battery providing 72 kWh for a gross combined weight of 37,200 kg to deliver an average range of more than 450 miles per tank.

EPA 370

EPA Hyundai Commercial California 370

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 29, 2022

The vulcanization accelerators 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) and benzothiazole (BTZ) have been detected at concentrations in the μg L –1 range in rivers. These include vulcanization accelerators, activators, plasticizers, processing aids, and antioxidants. —Castan et al.

Ozone 456

Ozone Austria Environment Emissions 456

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2020

The modeled 2028 base year 8-hour ozone design values were found to be above the 70 ppb NAAQS for 75 monitoring locations. By 2035, 46 states will be in attainment with the 2015 ozone NAAQS of 70 ppb (only counties in California and Utah remain in nonattainment). Source: MECA. ppb in the west (San Bernardino, CA) and 4.9

Cleaner 243

Cleaner Ozone Emissions Atlanta 243

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

On a per-storage basis, the team found that the NiMH technology was found to have the highest environmental impact, followed by NCM and then LFP, for all categories considered except ozone depletion potential. They also found higher life cycle global warming emissions than have been previously reported.

Nickel Metal Hydride 334

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH Li-ion PHEV 334

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Since the BEV version has a shorter range, Renault noted, the way in which the miles are accumulated could differ from that of the ICE vehicles.). Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? Characterizes the acid substances increase (NO x , SO 2.)

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2019

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) voted to approve an updated plan for the South Coast Air Basin aimed at further cutting smog-forming emissions to attain the federal 8-hour ozone standard. To meet the 80 parts per billion ozone standard in the South Coast, all levels of government must do their part. —CARB Chair Mary D.

California 221

California Ozone Los Angeles Pollution 221

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

PAN, which is created by the action of the ultraviolet component of sunlight on hydrocarbons and NO x in the air, is an ingredient of photochemical smog.changing ethanol emissions have the potential to affect urban air pollution and associated long-range transport.

North America 240

North America America Emissions Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

These connections arise because in many cases the agents of concern are the same, and in many cases the sources of the agents are the same or intimately connected.For example, surface ozone is both an air pollutant and a greenhouse gas. The complex roles that ozone and aerosols play in the atmosphere provide examples of such trade-offs.

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climate change [kg CO 2 -eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Our tool offers a very wide range of engine types. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.].

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2012

Bromine also can remove ozone from the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere. Despite ozone’s beneficial role blocking harmful radiation in the stratosphere, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant. Bromine then reacts with a gaseous form of mercury, turning it into a pollutant that falls to Earth’s surface.

Ozone 210

Ozone Mercury United Kingdom 2008 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

The global warming potentials (GWP) of HFCs range from 140 (HFC-152a) to 11,700 (HFC-23), according to the US EPA. HFCs are chemicals are potential substitutes for ozone-depleting and climate-warming CFCs and HCFCs currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol treaty to protect the ozone layer.

Micronesia 186

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

Our results will have a significant impact on our understanding of the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and have wide ranging implications for pollution and climate change. We have been able to quantify how fast Criegee radicals react for the first time. Carl Percival. —Welz et al.

Ozone 268

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012 268

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. New NASA satellite images released this week demonstrate the reduction of air pollution across the US.

Ozone 210

Ozone Maryland Pollution Aura 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Shown are the tipping elements [large-scale components of the Earth’s system] and the temperature threshold range that initiates the tipping. HFCs are powerful greenhouse gases originally developed as substitutes for ozone-depleting chemicals. Tropospheric ozone. From Molina et al. Earlier post.) Mario Molina. (Dr. Ramanathan.

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

When ethane and propane—the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) in the atmosphere—mix with nitrogen oxides from vehicles and power plants they form tropospheric ozone—a key component of smog and directly linked to increases in mortality. —Professor Ally Lewis, a co-author of the study.

Emissions 210

Emissions Global Ozone 2011 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2010

Both studies indicate a qualitatively similar response of a reduction in radiative forcing or an increase in total outgoing radiation for an increase in urban albedo and the values indicate an approximate range in potential emitted CO2 offset that may be expected if urban albedos were increased. —Menon et al.

Climate 223

Climate Emissions Climate Change Ozone 223

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2019

Greenhouse gas emissions were examined for 17 nonstop flights with round-trip distances ranging from 131 miles to 19,040 miles. Furthermore, myclimate accounts for other warming effects of aircraft emissions (through changes in the ozone layer, initiation of contrails, formation of cirrus clouds, etc.)

Emissions 419

Emissions Los Angeles Gas San Francisco 419

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

In addition to CO 2 , other compounds such as ozone (O 3 ) precursors (nitrogen oxides (NO x =NO+NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) are emitted by ships. The paper is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Climate 240

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Nadine Unger. Unger et al.

Transportation 391

Transportation Climate Change Powered Power 391

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2018

EPA expects that any update to the standards will result in significant mobile source NO x reductions, which will aid communities across the country in the attainment of ozone and particulate matter standards. It is estimated that heavy-duty trucks will be responsible for one-third of NO x emissions from the transportation sector in 2025.

EPA 249

EPA Cleaner Standards 2001 249

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

Hydrous ethanol (also sometimes known as azeotropic ethanol) typically ranges from 186 proof (93% ethanol, 7% water) to 192 proof (96% ethanol, 4% water). Earlier post.). It’s a good, fast way to adapt technology into an existing engine by manufacturing a retrofit kit that can be installed on current engines or on newer engines.

Carbon 259

Carbon Fuel Ozone Engine 259

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Yale researchers found that common road and roofing asphalts produced complex mixtures of organic compounds, including hazardous pollutants, in a range of typical temperature and solar conditions. A new study now finds that asphalt is a significant source of air pollutants in urban areas, especially on hot and sunny days.

Pollution 337

Pollution Los Angeles Emissions Solar 337

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2009

For 30 reference glaciers in nine mountain ranges tracked by the World Glacier Monitoring Service, the mean rate of loss since 2000 has roughly doubled since the rate during the previous two decades. The hole in the ozone layer has had a cooling effect on Antarctica, and is partly responsible for masking expected warming on the continent.

Climate Change 259

Climate Change Climate 2007 Ozone 259

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2018

The RVP of gasoline can range from 7 to 15 psi. EPA regulates the vapor pressure of gasoline sold at retail stations during the summer ozone season (1 June to 15 September) to reduce evaporative emissions from gasoline that contribute to ground-level ozone and diminish the effects of ozone-related health problems.

Ozone 170

Ozone Congress Energy EPA 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2012

Its growth has energized the water industry, inspiring a range of new water treatment startups vying to treat the highly challenging flowback water. EcoSphere combines ozone, cavitation, and electrochemistry, and the $9 million company leads in the “Dominant” quadrant. EcoSphere, AquaMost lead in oxidation technologies.

Water 240

Water 2020 Market Chevron 240

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

It assessed three currently manufactured Li-ion battery technologies for EVs and two for a PHEV with a 40-mile all-electric range: lithium-manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 ); lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (LiNi 0.4 2 Occupational cancer hazard impact was scaled to 50% in this figure because of the wide range across stages.

Li-ion 210

Li-ion PHEV Battery Batteries 210