Ozone and Parts - EV Driven

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2023

New analysis has found increasing emissions of several ozone-depleting chemicals despite their production being banned for most uses under the Montreal Protocol—and a loophole in the rules is likely responsible. According to the researchers, emissions from these CFCs currently do not significantly threaten ozone recovery.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Global Switzerland

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2011

In a statement released this morning, President Barack Obama said he has requested that US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Lisa Jackson withdraw the agency’s draft Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) rulemaking. Earlier post.) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Ozone

Ozone Obama Standards EPA

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 6, 2018

Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Source: University of Leicester. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Global North America Colorado

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

Counties where measured ozone is above proposed range of standards, based on 2011-2013 monitoring data. Earlier this year, EPA staff had recommended the further reduction of this primary ozone standard from the current 75 ppb (parts per billion) to a revised level within the range of 70 ppb to 60 ppb—and preferably below 70 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2015

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. Ozone is harmful to humans at ground-level, causing pulmonary and heart disease. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2020

Daily exposure to ground level ozone in cities worldwide is associated with an increased risk of death, according to the largest study of its kind, published in an open-access paper in The BMJ. Ground level ozone is a highly reactive gas commonly found in urban and suburban environments, formed when pollutants react in sunlight.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global South America

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Rice University team links PM2.5 and ozone levels with cardiac arrest

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2013

A team from Rice University and the Houston Fire Department EMS has found a direct correlation between out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) and levels of air pollution and ozone. micrograms) and ozone. They found a positive correlation between OHCAs and exposure to both fine particulate matter (airborne particles smaller than 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Universal Houston Pollution

Study explores mechanisms of effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure and vascular endothelial function

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2018

A research team in China conducted a longitudinal panel study among 43 non-smoking college students in Shanghai to explore the effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure (BP), vascular endothelial function, and the potential molecular mechanisms. —Xia et al. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03044. 8b03044.

Ozone

Ozone Personal 2018 Convert

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2018

High levels of air pollutants, especially fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and to a lesser extent, ozone, may be linked to a heightened risk of developing mouth cancer, suggests a study by a team of Taiwanese researchers. The number of new cases, and deaths from, mouth cancer is increasing in many parts of the world.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Taiwan 2009

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

Ozone

Ozone 2005 India Pollution

US EPA to Reconsider National Ozone Standards

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2009

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will reconsider the 2008 primary and secondary ozone standards. In 2008, EPA established a new primary 8-hour standard for ozone of 0.075 parts per million (ppm), and a new secondary standard set at a form and level identical to the new primary standard. ppm standard, due to rounding.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards 2008

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2012

Extraordinarily cold temperatures in the stratosphere during the winter of 2010/2011 caused the most massive destruction of the ozone layer above the Arctic so far, according to a study by climate researchers at KIT (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology). These chemical conversion products attack the ozone layer and destroy it partly.

Ozone

Ozone Kits 2011 Climate

EPA proposes approval of new ozone plans for the two of the worst Air Quality Zones in US: California’s San Joaquin Valley and South Coast

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2011

US EPA Region 9 8-hour ozone trends, 1979-2000. These State Implementation Plans (SIPs) are the roadmaps to meeting the 1997 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) of 0.08 parts per million (ppm) by 2024. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge. In 2008, the 8-hour standard was lowered to 0.075 ppm. Earlier post.).

Ozone

Ozone EPA Pollution 2002

Rice/EPA study finds ground-level ozone falling faster than CMAQ model predicted

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2013

Researchers from Rice University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report in a paper in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry that particularly in Northeastern cities, ozone levels dropped even beyond what was anticipated by cutting emissions of NO x from 2002 to 2006. —Daniel Cohan, co-author. Earlier post.).

Ozone

Ozone EPA 2002 2006

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

In China, people breathe ozone-laden air two to six times more often than people in the United States, Europe, Japan, or South Korea, according to a new international study published in Environmental Science & Technology Letters. 2017 for one ozone metric. The inset shows ozone trends in Beijing (red) and Los Angeles (blue).

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China South Korea

EPA Proposes New Tougher Ground-Level Ozone Standards

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 7, 2010

Counties projected to violate proposed Primary 8-hour Ground-Level Ozone Standards in 2020. The United States Environmental Protection Agency has proposed the strictest standards to date for ground-level ozone. EPA is proposing an accelerated schedule for designating areas for the primary ozone standard. Source: EPA.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards Arlington

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2022

The rapidly growing space industry may have a greater climate effect than the aviation industry and undo repair to the protective ozone layer if left unregulated, according to a new study led by UCL and published in the journal Earth’s Future as an open-access paper. The space industry is one of the world’s fastest growing sectors.

Climate

Climate Ozone Industry Industrial

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Even short periods of unhealthy ozone levels can cause local death rates to rise. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

BASF introduces cost-effective upgrade to ozone-VOC converters for healthier aircraft cabin air; UpCore

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2022

BASF has launched UpCore, a new service providing a cost-effective and sustainable technology upgrade from a standard ozone converter to an ozone-VOC (volatile organic compounds) converter for cleaner and healthier aircraft cabin air. The air at high altitude contains significant levels of ozone.

Ozone

Ozone Convert Cleaner Exhaust

Study Finds Ozone Concentrations at Current Clean Air Standards Levels Can Impair Even Healthy Lungs

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2009

Exposure to ozone at levels currently deemed safe by the NAAQS clean air standards can have a significant and negative effect on lung function, according to researchers at the University of California, Davis. The previous primary and secondary standards were identical 8-hour standards, set at 0.08 Earlier post.).

Ozone

Ozone Standards Clean Cleaning

Researchers fully characterize reaction that affects ground-level ozone formation; a small but significant impact on predictive models

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

Ozone

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Connected Connect

California adopts comprehensive strategy to meet federal ozone standard over next 15 years

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2022

The California Air Resources Board today approved a statewide plan for attaining the federal health-based standard for ozone, typically experienced as smog. The 2022 State Implementation Plan Strategy identifies the state’s control strategy for meeting the federal 70 parts per billion, 8-hour ozone standard over the next 15 years.

Ozone

Ozone Standards California Pollution

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5 Together, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and Perhaps the most intriguing link is between emissions of methane and the formation of tropospheric ozone.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

EPA proposes new heavy-duty truck emissions rules

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2022

The proposed multi-pollutant rule would further reduce air pollution from heavy-duty engines and vehicles across the United States, including ozone and particulate matter (PM). In addition, as part of this rulemaking, EPA is proposing targeted updates to the existing Heavy-Duty Greenhouse Gas Emissions Phase 2 program (HD GHG Phase 2).

EPA

EPA Emissions Ozone Pollution

Study associates ozone exposure at birth to increased risk of developing asthma

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2018

A long-term study of the health of Canadian children has found that exposure to ozone (O 3 ) at birth was associated with an 82% increased risk of developing asthma by age three. For this part of the T-CHEQ study, 1,881 children were followed from birth to 17 years of age, on average.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution San Diego Canada

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate California

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 12, 2018

A team from Duke University in the US and University of York in the UK have utilized a novel method to estimate long-term ozone exposure and previously reported epidemiological results to quantify the health burden from long-term ozone exposure in three major regions of the world. —Karl Seltzer. Karl M Seltzer et al.

Ozone

Ozone 2015 United States Europe

EPA initiates new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2023

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced a new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). EPA established the current standards at a level of 70 parts per billion in 2015 and retained them in 2020, after concluding that there was little new information to suggest the need for revision.

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards Pollution

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2015

issued its final rule revising the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ground-level ozone to 70 parts per billion (ppb) from 75 ppb to protect public health. Ground-level ozone forms when nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) react in the air. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Ozone

Ozone EPA Standards District of Columbia

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2016

The first peer-reviewed study to directly quantify how emissions from oil and natural gas (O&NG) activities influence summertime tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) pollution in the Colorado Front Range confirms that chemical vapors from oil and gas activities are a significant contributor to the region’s chronic ozone problem.

Ozone

Ozone Oil Gas Emissions

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industry Industrial

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2016

As California continues to reduce local sources of ozone, ozone entering the state from the Pacific makes up a larger fraction of measured ozone levels. An ozonesonde is a balloon which measures ozone from the surface to more than 10 kilometers above the ground.

San Jose

San Jose Ozone Universal Transportation

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

1,000 to 21,000) deaths due to changes in ozone concentrations. 900 to 11,000) ozone-related early deaths per year. 300 to 4,000) ozone-related premature mortalities per year. 2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study. 53,000 (90% CI: 24,000–95,000) PM 2.5 related premature deaths and ?5,000

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Powered

New Mexico adopts Clean Cars Rule

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

The coordinated package of regulations will reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and ozone- and smog-causing pollutants from new passenger cars, trucks, and SUVs starting in model year 2026. Their independent approval of the Clean Car Rule allows California’s Advanced Clean Cars to be implemented statewide in New Mexico beginning 1 July 2022.

New Mexico

New Mexico Mexico Clean Cleaning

Researchers Discover New Chemistry for Ozone Formation; Not Yet Monitored or Incorporated into Atmospheric Models

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) Under extreme circumstances, this previously unknown chemistry could account for up to 40 parts per billion (ppb) of ozone; the current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8-hour average standard is 75 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution 2009 Coal

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2020

Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. Negative RF (cooling) contributions arise from sulfate aerosol production. Net warming from contrail cirrus is a sum over the day/night cycle.

Climate

Climate Emissions CO2 Climate Change

Satellite data show resurgence in NO2 emissions over China

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2020

The satellite carries the Tropomi instrument to map a multitude of trace gases such as nitrogen dioxide, ozone, formaldehyde, sulfur dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide and aerosols. ©ESA/ATG We can certainly attribute a part of the nitrogen dioxide emission reduction to the impact of the coronavirus. ©ESA/ATG medialab.

Emissions

Emissions China Pollution Chinese

EPA proposes to include Southern Maine in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2014

The purpose of the federal RFG program is to improve air quality in certain areas through the use of gasoline that is reformulated to reduce motor vehicle emissions that lead to the formation of ground-level ozone. States which are designated by EPA as part of the Ozone Transport Region, such as Maine, can “opt-in” to the program.

EPA

EPA Gasoline Ozone District of Columbia

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2013

psi RVP in southern ozone non-attainment areas—but allows a 1 psi RVP waiver for E10. Thus, the evaporative emission increase caused by E30 would then be less than for E10. Currently, the Clean Air Act limits the volatility of gasoline to 9.0 psi RVP and 7.8 This waiver applies only to E10 (E9-E10), not more, not less.).

EPA

EPA Fuel Parts Gasoline

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

Estimates of people’s exposure to outdoor air pollution in different parts of the world were formulated through a new global data mapping. Ozone is a major factor in asthma morbidity and mortality. As a result, the highest levels of ozone pollution occur during periods of sunny weather. The current guideline value is 100 ?g/m

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone 2012

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2017

and of 10 ppb in ozone were associated with increases in all-cause mortality of 7.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.1 of less than 12 μg per cubic meter and ozone of less than 50 ppb, the same increases in PM 2.5 and ozone were associated with increases in the risk of death of 13.6% (95% CI, 13.1 and 1.1% (95% CI, 1.0

Pollution

Pollution Ozone United States Personal

Study finds global emissions of several banned ozone-destroying CFCs are increasing

Obama Administration withdraws proposed rulemaking on strengthened ozone standards

TOAR shows present-day global ozone distribution and trends relevant to health; public database

EPA proposes tightening primary ozone standards to range of 65-70 ppb; final rule by October 2015

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Global study links daily exposure to ozone pollution to increased risk of death

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Rice University team links PM2.5 and ozone levels with cardiac arrest

Study explores mechanisms of effects of personal ozone exposure on blood pressure and vascular endothelial function

Study suggests air pollution may be linked to heightened mouth cancer risk; PM2.5 and ozone

Study: surface ozone in India in 2005 damaged 6M tonnes of crops, enough to feed 94M people in poverty

US EPA to Reconsider National Ozone Standards

KIT study finds extraordinarily cold Arctic stratospheric winter enhanced ozone degradation above the Arctic

EPA proposes approval of new ozone plans for the two of the worst Air Quality Zones in US: California’s San Joaquin Valley and South Coast

Rice/EPA study finds ground-level ozone falling faster than CMAQ model predicted

Study: ozone levels higher across China than in other countries tracking the air pollutant

EPA Proposes New Tougher Ground-Level Ozone Standards

UCL-led study finds climate impact caused by growing space industry needs urgent mitigation

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

BASF introduces cost-effective upgrade to ozone-VOC converters for healthier aircraft cabin air; UpCore

Study Finds Ozone Concentrations at Current Clean Air Standards Levels Can Impair Even Healthy Lungs

Researchers fully characterize reaction that affects ground-level ozone formation; a small but significant impact on predictive models

China study connects ozone pollution to cardiovascular health

California adopts comprehensive strategy to meet federal ozone standard over next 15 years

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

EPA proposes new heavy-duty truck emissions rules

Study associates ozone exposure at birth to increased risk of developing asthma

Study Concludes Warming Climate Will Increase Ozone Levels in Major California Air Basins; Climate Change and Regional Air Quality Are Intertwined Problems

Duke/York study finds long-term exposure to ozone has significant impacts on human health, but lower than prior modeling results

EPA initiates new review of the Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards

EPA tightens ground-level ozone standard to 70 ppb

Study quantifies impact of oil and gas emissions on Denver’s ozone problem

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

CARB, NOAA, NASA and San Jose State University scientists team up to study ozone transported across Pacific

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

New Mexico adopts Clean Cars Rule

Researchers Discover New Chemistry for Ozone Formation; Not Yet Monitored or Incorporated into Atmospheric Models

Study: 2/3 of aviation climate impact due to emissions other than CO2

Satellite data show resurgence in NO2 emissions over China

EPA proposes to include Southern Maine in the Federal Reformulated Gasoline Program

US EPA proposing allowing high-octane, higher ethanol content fuels as part of Tier 3 regs; E30 as example

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Study of 60M US seniors strengthens link between air pollution and premature death

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