Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2019

The electric bus fleet is anticipated to reduce ozone emissions by 1.1 To date, Proterra Catalyst buses on the road have driven more than seven million service miles and displaced more than 40 million pounds of tailpipe emissions. tons over a 10-year period—the equivalent of 50 gas-powered passenger vehicles taken off the roads.

International 328

International Fleet Indianapolis Ozone 328

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). Since the BEV version has a shorter range, Renault noted, the way in which the miles are accumulated could differ from that of the ICE vehicles.). Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent).

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2018

Improvements in air quality and public health in the US coincided with increased federal air quality regulations, and have taken place despite increases in population, energy and electricity use, and vehicle miles traveled between 1990 and 2010. and ozone from a 21-year computer simulation of air pollution across the US.

Pollution 265

Pollution 2010 Ozone North Carolina 265

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2012

Bromine also can remove ozone from the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere. Despite ozone’s beneficial role blocking harmful radiation in the stratosphere, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant. Bromine then reacts with a gaseous form of mercury, turning it into a pollutant that falls to Earth’s surface.

Ozone 210

Ozone Mercury United Kingdom 2008 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

Air pollution can travel hundreds of miles and cause multiple health and environmental problems on regional or national scales, EPA noted in a presentation on the proposed rule. This proposal reduces emissions contributing to fine particle (PM 2.5 ) and ozone nonattainment that often travel across state lines.

Pollution 218

Pollution EPA Transportation DC 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

They looked at multiple species of pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, ozone, and fine particulates, from various emissions sectors, including electric power generation, road transportation, marine, rail, and aviation, and commercial and residential sources, at intervals of every hour of the year. and/or ozone. —Steven Barrett.

MIT 307

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005 307

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2021

San Bernardino, home to much of Southern California’s trucking and warehouse infrastructure, had 130 bad air days for ozone pollution in 2020. In the South Coast Air Basin, heavy duty vehicles such as trucks contribute 32% of mobile source nitrogen oxide emissions that react in the atmosphere to form ozone and particulate matter.

Los Angeles 186

Los Angeles Ozone Pollution Phoenix 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2011

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated the five-county Philadelphia region of Bucks, Delaware, Chester, Montgomery and Philadelphia counties as non-attainment for ozone and fine particulate matter air quality standards. Berks, Lehigh and Northampton counties recently achieved attainment status for federal ozone standards.

Pennsylvania 186

Pennsylvania Grant Cleaning Clean 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions 286

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States 286

Green Car Congress

JUNE 21, 2018

EPA regulates the vapor pressure of gasoline sold at retail stations during the summer ozone season (1 June to 15 September) to reduce evaporative emissions from gasoline that contribute to ground-level ozone and diminish the effects of ozone-related health problems.

Ozone 170

Ozone Congress Energy EPA 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2016

Ethane reacts with sunlight and other molecules in the atmosphere to form ozone, which at the surface can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation and other ailments and damage crops. The Bakken is part of a 200,000-square-mile basin that underlies parts of Saskatchewan and Manitoba in addition to the two US states.

Ozone 150

Ozone Global Emissions North Dakota 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

These technologies include, but are not limited to, advanced aftertreatment and waste heat recovery; lean-burn plus lean-NO x emissions traps; integration of zero-emission miles technologies; further refinements in reducing friction and parasitic energy losses; and widespread utilization of renewable and natural gas and hydrogen blends.

Gas 257

Gas Climate Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2013

DOE selected this project to improve local air quality in the Houston-Galveston area, which is currently designated as a National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) 8-hour ozone non-attainment area. Its service area is 12,500 square miles and contains more than 6 million people.

Houston 239

Houston Battery Batteries Ozone 239

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2014

Achieving our long-term climate goal and 2032 ozone standards will require a much deeper penetration of ZEVs into the fleet. Furthermore, commercially available technologies, such as fuel efficient passenger vehicle tires, can be utilized by both new and in-use vehicles in the near-term to achieve GHG emission reductions.

Climate Change 218

Climate Change Climate California Ozone 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2010

Previously, only heavy-heavy-duty trucks with a declared vehicle weight greater than 60,000 pounds qualified; Trucks with mileage as low as 15,000 miles per year are now eligible. California is currently working toward meeting clean-air standards for ozone and particulate matter emissions.

California 186

California Diesel Emissions Cleaner 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2010

Those vertical movements provide a pathway for black carbon, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants to ascend into the stratosphere, about 20-25 miles above the Earth’s surface. This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer.

Pollution 246

Pollution Asia Ozone Indonesia 246

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2010

Different emission standards are established for intermediate full useful life (50,000-miles) and full useful life (120,000-miles) durability. Light-duty passenger cars and trucks are responsible for a major fraction of ozone- forming emissions: NO x (15% of California emissions), CO (42%), and ROG (21%). miles) NMOG. (g/mi).

Emissions 186

Emissions California Fleet Vehicles 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2010

Passenger trains and buses cause four to five times less impact than automobile travel for every mile a passenger travels. As planes fly at high altitudes, their impact on ozone and clouds is disproportionately high, though short lived. Car travel emits more carbon dioxide than air travel per passenger mile.

Global 225

Global Climate Change Climate 2000 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2012

A view of the inside of the CitiSense sensor: the three cylindrical components detect ozone, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide. The CitiSense sensors detect ozone, nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide, the most common pollutants emitted by cars and trucks. million residents, 4,000 square miles, and only about 10 stations.

Pollution 236

Pollution San Diego Ozone 2012 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

More findings from the CalNex research on a variety of subjects, from the formation of ozone to the interactions of particles and clouds, are being presented at a four-day workshop May 16 through 19 in Sacramento, California.

Pollution 186

Pollution California Cleaning Clean 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) There were more than 1,231,000 miles of distribution mains in 2011, an increase of approximately 287,000 miles since 1990. a global warming potential of 21.

2007 285

2007 2011 EPA Gas 285

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

It assessed three currently manufactured Li-ion battery technologies for EVs and two for a PHEV with a 40-mile all-electric range: lithium-manganese oxide (LiMnO 2 ); lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese-oxide (LiNi 0.4 O 2 , Li-NCM); and lithium-iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ). smog); this is true even for PHEV-40s batteries, which are 3.4

Li-ion 210

Li-ion PHEV Battery Batteries 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

The increased fuel economy of GDI engines means lower CO 2 emissions per mile; however, higher BC [black carbon] emissions (the most-potent absorptive agent of anthropogenic PM) could potentially offset any climate benefits of reduced CO 2 emissions.… We estimate ozone and SOA formation potential. —Saliba et al.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Fuel Economy Global 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate 150

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2014

kg), and an average driving distance of 200,000 km (124,000 miles) during a 10-year service life. Each LIB cell had a 3.65-V V voltage and 27-Ah capacity. kWh battery pack was used in an average mid-sized EV with a weight of 4270 lb (1936.8 A single battery pack is assumed to power the vehicle during its whole life.

Li-ion 265

Li-ion Battery Batteries Milwaukee 265

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). 60% of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) precursors, 6% of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), and 22% of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2011

Houston, with a mix of petrochemical facilities, sprawling suburbs, and traffic jams that stretch for miles, has some of the highest levels of ground-level ozone and other air pollutants in the United States. The article is in press in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres , a publication of the American Geophysical Union.

Houston 247

Houston Pollution Wind 2000 247

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2015

For wide-spread adoption, the analysis assumes that the electric vehicle market share grows from approximately 1% today to a substantial share of total sales, such that by 2050 electricity is powering 53% of personal vehicle miles traveled. Transportation electrification can lead to modest, but widespread air quality benefits.

EPRI 150

EPRI Cleaner Grid Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2014

OCO-2’s science instrument, comprising three parallel high-resolution, near-infrared spectrometers in a common structure, will collect 24 measurements per second across a field of view of approximately three square kilometers, or one square mile.

Carbon 240

Carbon Aura Solar Climate Change 240

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

The committee that wrote the report focused on monetizing the damage of major air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and particulate matter—on human health, grain crops and timber yields, buildings, and recreation. cents per mile traveled—and it is important to be cautious in interpreting small differences, the report says.

2005 246

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal 246

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

The proposed standards are projected to result in an industry-wide average target for the light-duty fleet of 82 grams/mile (g/mile) of CO 2 in MY 2032, representing a 56% reduction in projected fleet average GHG emissions target levels from the existing MY 2026 standards. Mid roof tractor 68.2 High roof tractor 66.0

EPA 210

EPA Light Standards Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2015

ARB staff developed this strategy using a multi-pollutant scenario planning tool ( Vision 2.0 ) that quantifies changes in ozone and PM 2.5 The strategy also calls for ongoing improvements in community design and efficiency improvements to the freight transport system with the intention of reducing growth in vehicle miles travelled (VMT).

Cleaning 150

Cleaning Clean Emissions Cleaner 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

However, since the cost of the hydrous ethanol is significantly lower, hydrous ethanol will provide a lower cost per mile travelled, assuming the processing cost savings is passed on to the consumer. Use of Hydrous Ethanol in the United States. Current Legal Requirement for Use of Anhydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

One truck has achieved a freight efficiency of over 175 ton-miles per gallon, compared to a 2009 model baseline efficiency of 99 ton-miles per gallon. miles per gallon (mpg), compared to the baseline truck at 6.45 gallons/1,000 ton-miles, down 43 percent from the baseline LSFC of 10.0 gallons/1,000 ton-miles.

MPG 150

MPG Fuel 2009 Miles 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2013

A team from Austria and Norway has found that the climate impact from a long-distance trip (500–1,000 km, or 310–621 miles) can easily vary by a factor of 10 per passenger depending on mode choice, vehicle efficiency, and occupancy. Credit: ACS, Borken-Kleefeld et al. Click to enlarge. In their study, Borken-Kleefeld et al.

Climate 186

Climate Diesel Emissions Climate Change 186

Clean Fleet Report

NOVEMBER 10, 2024

On their 100+ mile round trip, these trucks burn diesel fuel that damages the ozone, spews out noxious particulates that seek-out lungs and eyes along with oxides of nitrogen that help create smog, along with other nasty—and toxic—unpleasantness. More and more, especially the smaller “last mile” trucks, are powered by electricity.

All-Electric 98

All-Electric Long Beach Los Angeles Electric 98

Plugs and Cars

JULY 19, 2007

Any additional increase in the amount of all-electric vehicle miles traveled or further emissions constraints on the electric sector would tend to magnify these benefits.

Plug-in 100

Plug-in EPRI Plug Hybrid 100