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Demonstrating that the use of different time scales, reference dates, and statistical approaches can generate highly disparate results in climate reports, scientists at the University of Alaska Anchorage argue that careful use of these tools is critical for correctly interpreting and reporting climatic trends in Alaska and other polar regions.
In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al.
The US Department of Energy has selected 7 projects to participate in the University Coal Research (UCR) program. University of California, Merced, Calif. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo. Clemson University, Clemson, S.C. DOE award: $298,191).
A study by a team from Carnegie Mellon University and Yale University suggests that BEVs could constitute the majority or near-majority of cars and SUVs by 2030, given widespread BEV availability and technology trends. Their open-access paper is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). —Forsythe et al.
Researchers from Sandia National Laboratories and international collaborators used computational approaches, including explainable machine learning models, to elucidate new high-entropy alloys with attractive hydrogen storage properties and direct laboratory synthesis and validation.
The paper by researchers from Peking University and Environment Canada appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. For the remaining sources, the following fuel consumption data were used: national data from the United Nations Statistics Division (1949?1970); 2007 were used in this study. —Wang et al.
These are some of the findings of a new health assessment based on the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR), an effort by the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project to create the world’s most comprehensive database of surface ozone observations from all available ozone monitoring stations around the globe. Click to enlarge.
Fewer wild animals, including threatened mountain lions, are becoming roadkill during shelter-in-place orders, according to a study on three states from the University of California, Davis. There is a statistically significant decline in wildlife deaths on highways in all three states following reductions in traffic this spring.
An international team of scientists, led by NTU Singapore, has linked increased air pollution to an uptick in cases of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) worldwide. This study, done in collaboration between NTU and the Chinese University of Hong Kong, showed that a 0.1 LSCC is often linked to a history of smoking. micrograms per cubic meter (?
The findings, published in the 21 September issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , are generally consistent with official Chinese government statistics and could bolster their credibility as international negotiations proceed on commitments of China and other nations to combat climate change. She completed her Ph.D. Munger, J.
In this plot, a red star under the boxes means that the mean values for hardwood and mixed fuel tests are statistically different for that stove technology class (at the 95% confidence level, p. In this regard, this study highlights the need for repeated tests to confirm statistical significance of mitigation potential.
While a positive trend, this is far from the target set by the International Telecommunication Union (which is to raise the percentage of countries with an e-waste legislation to 50%).
Researchers at Villanova University are developing a new method for optimizing the knock control threshold that significantly improves the performance of a standard knock controller in a spark ignition gasoline engine. The most recent paper on their work appears in the International Journal of Engine Research. —Jones et al.
Barroso was born in Brazil and earned bachelor’s and master’s degrees in 1989 in electrical engineering from Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro. in computer engineering in 1996 from the University of Southern California. For his discoveries, Rao received the 2023 International Prize in Statistics.
Parametrix (Auburn, Washington) will apply advanced probabilistic statistical methods to integrate oceanographic, ecological, human use data, stakeholder input, and cumulative impacts for the purpose of evaluating ocean renewable energy siting proposals. Approximate award amount: $499,000 (over three years); Funding agencies: BOEMRE, NOAA.
The two projects are part of a larger multi-year DOE-funded project to develop and to apply innovative simulation strategies and tools to maximize benefits of predictive information from high performance computing (HPC) for internal combustion engines. reciprocating and gas- turbine internal-combustion engines) are widely recognized.
An Independent Panel in the UK led by Lord Oxburgh, who among his other prior duties was the non-executive chairman of Shell, has cleared the University of East Anglia of any scientific impropriety and dishonesty. As with many small research groups their internal procedures were rather informal.
In an open-access paper recently published in Atmospheric Environment: X , an international team of researchers outline the extent of the gap between what researchers know and don’t know about on-the-ground levels of fine particulate matter. Chemical Engineering in the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St.
A research project within Volvo Car Corporation in collaboration with the Department of Signals and Systems at Chalmers University of Technology is developing Intersection Support, a system which alerts and automatically brakes for crossing traffic when necessary. Accidents involving wild animals are a major international traffic problem.
A study by researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) has significantly associated exposure to particulate air pollution after being diagnosed with liver cancer with an increased risk of premature death. The study appears in the International Journal of Cancer. mg/m 3 ) increase in PM2.5 was 1.18 (95% CI: 1.16–1.20);
However, the underlying data for that analysis (from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics ) are published with a substantial lag. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan. May 2021. -33. June 1-June 12, 2021. -29.
Years of government support for corn farmers—paying Chinese corn producers more than twice the international price level until 2016—have left China with a substantial stockpile. Data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed about 618 million tonnes of grain were produced in 2017, the second highest output recorded.
Emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) and carbon monoxide (CO) showed some statistically significant reductions with higher alcohol fuels, while total hydrocarbons (THC) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) did not show strong fuel effects.
However, the underlying data for that analysis (from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics ) are published with a substantial lag. Michael Sivak is the managing director of Sivak Applied Research and the former director of Sustainable Worldwide Transportation at the University of Michigan. June 2021. -27. July 1-July 20, 2021. -21.
Persistent organic pollutants are chemicals of substantial international concern. GEOS-Chem captures observed seasonal trends with no statistically significant difference between simulated and measured mean annual concentrations. GEOS-Chem estimates mean atmospheric lifetimes of —Friedman and Selin.
—Co-author Professor Thomas Münzel, of the Department of Cardiology of the University Medical Centre Mainz. Limitations of the study include the fact there is statistical uncertainty surrounding the estimates, so the size of the effect of air pollution on deaths could be larger or smaller. Jos Lelieveld, Thomas Münzel et al.
Seventeen measurement stations near Hawaii’s Honolulu International Airport on the island of Oahu collected data at 1-second intervals over the course of a year. The data set is of great interest to utilities, developers of large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems, forecasters, system operators, laboratories and universities.
The participants’ data was linked to air pollution measures for their home addresses, from the Small Area Health Statistics Unit, with the researchers focusing on fine particulate matter (equal or less than 2.5 micrometres in diameter, or PM 2.5 ). Chua, Anthony P.
A study by a team from the University of Cambridge (UK) and MIT attributes ~8,000 premature mortalities per year to aircraft cruise emissions. perturbation (µg/m 3 ) attributable to aviation. Credit: ACS, Barrett et al. Click to enlarge. —Barrett et al.
An international research team led by the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research (WIMR) has found that even a sub-chronic low level exposure to particulate matter can have an adverse effect on lung health. —Dr Yik Chan from UTS and WIMR, and co-lead author.
A new white paper from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) assesses which policy actions are behind the regional leading markets in the US for electric vehicles. The base regional unit for the study was the metropolitan statistical area (MSA). The assessment includes promotion actions by state policy (e.g.,
Testing was performed over multiple standard drive cycles—the Combined International Local and Commuter Cycle, the West Virginia University City cycle, and the Central Business District cycle—to evaluate the fuel economy and emissions benefits gained through hybridization. The hybrid group had a cumulative average of 95.5%
An international research study examining the safety performance of US and EU motor vehicles has found differences in performance between the two. To compare risks, the researchers analysed a number of US and EU crash data sources using three statistical approaches to “triangulate” evidence regarding differences in crash and injury risk.
Vastly expanding sugarcane production in Brazil for conversion to ethanol could reduce current global CO 2 emissions by as much as 5.6%, according to a new study by an international team led by researchers from the University of Illinois. The proposed expansion of sugarcane production is within the area that can be legally converted.
China and South Korea have catalyzed their domestic R&D by making significant investments in the S&T research enterprise and enhancing S&T training at universities. The 2014 volume of Science and Engineering Indicators is prepared by NSF’s National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) on behalf of NSB.
Demand for electricity dropped last year in nearly all countries, according to the International Energy Association. student in statistics at the Laboratory of Probability, Statistics, and Modeling , in Paris. Among the many industries impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic were electric utilities. De Vilmarest is a Ph.D.
euroFOT findings concluded that ACC and FCW in passenger cars might have a positive effect on the overall crash statistics, for all road types. The trustworthy and reliable scores were statistically significantly higher after some experience with the system. Cars equipped with both systems could potentially affect up to 5.7%
Geographers from Dartmouth College and the University of Sheffield have provided new insight into the economic geography of commuter megaregions in the US by using an empirical approach that combines visual interpretation with statistical analysis. A commuter flow-based regionalization of the United States. Nelson et al.
Professor John DeCicco at the University of Michigan Energy Institute has grown increasingly critical of the lifecycle analysis methods used to justify and administer biofuel policies. Second, that changes in agricultural NEP related to biofuel production can be accurately estimated from national-level agricultural production statistics.
Researchers at West Virginia University have characterized pump-to-wheels methane emissions from heavy-duty (HD) natural-gas-fueled vehicles and the compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) fueling stations that serve them. Sponsors provided access to vehicles or facilities.
NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers. —Jiang et al.
He earned a bachelors degree in electrical engineering from Purdue University , in West Lafayette, Ind. He earned two bachelors degrees, one in computer science in 1976 and the other in electrical engineering in 1978, both from the University of Sydney. He later returned to the University of Massachusetts and in 1996 received a Ph.D.
To make predictions about these future events, Bettinger and Canoy used a combination of historic statistics and predictive modeling through a Monte Carlo simulation. That said, this finding isn’t completely surprising, Bettinger admits, as LEO has a smaller spatial volume with more objects going at higher velocities than in MEO.
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