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An international team of scientists, led by NTU Singapore, has linked increased air pollution to an uptick in cases of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) worldwide. Black carbon is a pollutant that is classified as under PM 2.5. Our findings pinpoint the necessity and urgency to reduce air pollutant emissions especially black carbon.
Air pollution could be causing double the number of excess deaths a year in Europe than has been estimated previously, according to a study published in the European Heart Journal. Air pollution caused twice as many deaths from CVD as from respiratory diseases. The researchers found that air pollution caused an estimated 8.8
Thirty-seven globally prominent scientists representing the International Journal of Engine Research have published an open-access editorial addressing the future of the Internal Combustion Engine, and stressing the importance for continued development of more efficient and even lower-emitting technologies. —Reitz et al.
Living in a more polluted area is associated with a greater likelihood of having glaucoma, a debilitating eye condition that can cause blindness, according to a new UCL-led study in the UK. Particulate matter exposure is one of the strongest predictors of mortality among air pollutants. micrometres in diameter, or PM 2.5 ).
Although independent reporting on these subsidies has increased, global efforts to move forward with subsidy reform have been hindered by a variety of causes, leaving international pledges unfulfilled. of the GDP for 2011–12, according to the International Institute for Sustainable Development’s Global Subsidies Initiative ( GSI ).
There are widespread policy assumptions that the phase-out of gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines will over time lead to much reduced emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from road transport and related fuels. Cliff et al. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,
In this plot, a red star under the boxes means that the mean values for hardwood and mixed fuel tests are statistically different for that stove technology class (at the 95% confidence level, p. In this regard, this study highlights the need for repeated tests to confirm statistical significance of mitigation potential.
A study by researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) has significantly associated exposure to particulate air pollution after being diagnosed with liver cancer with an increased risk of premature death. The study appears in the International Journal of Cancer. —Deng et al. mg/m 3 ) increase in PM2.5 Lurmann, F.
Under its pollution prevention treaty (MARPOL), the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted mandatory measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from international shipping: the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) and the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP). Regulatory background. Background Data.
An international research team led by the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) and the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research (WIMR) has found that even a sub-chronic low level exposure to particulate matter can have an adverse effect on lung health. Air pollution is a ubiquitous problem and comprises gaseous and particulate matter (PM).
These are some of the findings of a new health assessment based on the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report (TOAR), an effort by the International Global Atmospheric Chemistry Project to create the world’s most comprehensive database of surface ozone observations from all available ozone monitoring stations around the globe. Click to enlarge.
Almost one in seven of the world’s children, 300 million, live in areas with the most toxic levels of outdoor air pollution—six or more times higher than international guidelines set by the UN’s World Health Organization (WHO)— according to a new UNICEF report. No society can afford to ignore air pollution.
is the leading global environmental risk factor for mortality and disease burden, with associated annual global welfare costs of trillions of dollars, However, no one knows what city has the highest level of the pollution. Such sparse monitoring fails to represent pollution variability. Exposure to ambient PM 2.5 million people.
Persistent organic pollutants are chemicals of substantial international concern. GEOS-Chem captures observed seasonal trends with no statistically significant difference between simulated and measured mean annual concentrations. The presence of these pollutants in the Arctic is important for several reasons.
The China Energy Group of the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) recently released the eighth edition of the China Energy Databook —the most comprehensive publicly available resource known to exist covering China’s energy and environmental statistics. Click to enlarge.
Regulators have assumed that anything emitted above 3,000 feet would be deposited into a part of the atmosphere that has significantly smoother air, meaning pollutants wouldn’t be affected by turbulent air that could mix them toward the ground. Secondary H 2 SO 4 -HNO 3 -NH 3 aerosols are found to dominate mortality impacts.
The study, which was a 10-year follow-up to the 2006 Toronto Child Health Evaluation Questionnaire (T-CHEQ), was presented at the 2018 American Thoracic Society International Conference in San Diego. The researcher team took annual average concentrations of pollutants from fixed monitoring stations across Ontario. Resources.
The findings, published in the 21 September issue of Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics , are generally consistent with official Chinese government statistics and could bolster their credibility as international negotiations proceed on commitments of China and other nations to combat climate change. Munger, J. McElroy, M.
tonnes of carbon per capita per year, according to a new paper published by an international team of 31 scientists in Nature Geoscience. A quarter of the growth in CO2 emissions in developing countries can be accounted for by an increase in international trade of goods and services. —Dr Canadell.
A study by a team from the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) shows that state electric vehicle incentives are playing a significant early role in reducing the effective cost of ownership and driving electric vehicle sales. —Jin et al. electric vehicle incentives ”.
The gap between official and real-world fuel-economy figures in Europe has risen to about 38%, according to a new report published by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT). This procedure was developed in the 1980s and was not originally intended to be used for fuel consumption testing but air pollutants.
NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.
Although large emissions cuts are urgently needed to achieve global climate goals, it may take decades before we can measure the effect of the reductions on global temperature evolution, according to a new study by researchers at Norway’s CICERO Center for International Climate Research. Samset, Jan S. Fuglestvedt and Marianne T.
According to the investigators, this is the first study based on estimates of quantitative historical exposure to diesel exhaust to yield a statistically significant, positive increase in lung cancer risk with increasing diesel exposure with adjustment for potential confounding from cigarette smoking. and other risk factors for lung cancer.
SAE International is working to ensure that electric vehicle wireless power transfer systems from diverse manufacturers will interoperate seamlessly with each other to prepare for commercialization in 2020. —Jesse Schneider.
The research team drew on data from 420 people living near Athens International Airport in Greece, where up to 600 planes take off and land every day. The numbers studied were also relatively small, and it wasn’t possible to account for the potential effects of air pollution. Dimakopoulou K, Koutentakis K, Papageorgiou I, et al.
Emissions from international transport (aviation and shipping) contribute another 3% to the total global GHG emissions. These six countries show different trends: with 2% decreases for US and Russia, a 1% decrease for Japan, constant emissions for China and EU28 and a 5% increase for India. Other greenhouse gases keep creeping up.
In an effort to reliably predict efficiency and pollutant emissions for new engines and fuels, computer simulations are used to study fundamental turbulence-chemistry interactions. A Workshop to Identify Research Needs and Impacts in Predictive Simulation for Internal Combustion Engines (PreSICE) (2011). Stochastic processes.
A new white paper from a team at the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) assesses the growing US electric vehicle market and the factors that are driving it, with a focus on the 50 most populous US metropolitan areas.
The average gap between official fuel consumption figures and actual fuel use for new cars in the EU has reached 42%, according to the latest update by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) to its on-going research into vehicle fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions. We analyzed data for more than 1.1 —Peter Mock.
Vastly expanding sugarcane production in Brazil for conversion to ethanol could reduce current global CO 2 emissions by as much as 5.6%, according to a new study by an international team led by researchers from the University of Illinois. Deepak Jaiswal, Amanda P. De Souza, Søren Larsen, David S. LeBauer, Fernando E.
from automobiles, environmental pollution, depletion of fossil fuels, etc. Let’s see a quick statistic. Methanol can be used in internal combustion engines either directly or as a blend with gasoline. The popular combination is Electric motor + Internal Combustion Engine. 1 liter of Petrol emits 2.3
The BMW Group has developed not only the internal combustion engine and electric motor in-house but also the power electronics and the battery. BMW TwinPower Turbo technology and low internal friction improve both fuel consumption and torque characteristics. Powertrain and driving experience. Rear-mounted 3-cylinder engine.
In order to reduce dependence on oil resources, improve the global energy structure, and reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, vehicle electrification has become a major trend. According to statistics from Statista, the global new energy vehicle market is expected to reach US$384 billion in 2022.
First, some background from the New York Times : The rule increasingly limits the amount of pollution allowed from tailpipes over time so that, by 2032, more than half the new cars sold in the United States would most likely be zero-emissions vehicles in order for carmakers to meet the standards. It very much is not. It's just not.
It finds that nitrogen oxides air pollution from traffic, households and industry is above internationally agreed limits in: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, [.]. New data from the European Environmental Agency (EEA) suggests that 12 countries in particular still have a long way to go.
When considering the typical 3-5 year lifespan of a lead-acid battery in a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle, many drivers assume that an EV battery requires regular replacement. Thorough planning helps communities anticipate impacts on equity, the grid, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions.
He was formerly with the University of Wisconsin and Rockwell International, and holds a Ph.D. Appendix D: Vehicle Driving Statistics. Most drivers of BEVs will need two cars: the electric car for economical short range commuting, and a separate conventional liquid-fuel internal combustion vehicle for long distance travel.
Government Policies Driving Change The UK government has introduced several measures to reduce carbon emissions, including: Ban on Petrol and Diesel Cars by 2035 : Aiming to phase out internal combustion engine vehicles in favor of EVs and hydrogen-powered cars. This represents a 21.4% increase from 2023 and accounts for 19.6% thetimes.co.uk
During the intervening six and half years in the US alone, the auto industry will sell a projected 70-80 million internal combustion engine cars, pointing out the importance of improving today’s technology. In perhaps the most sobering statistic shared at the 2009 SAE conference, Prof Thrun’s investigations have led him to believe that 1-1.2
While theoretically many of the safety improvements on cars ought to help protect those outside the car (emergency braking, crumple zones, etc), statistics have shown this has not been the case. Not only are huge vehicles dangerous for pedestrians, they also create more pollution.
Pollution reduction New EU -wide emissions regulations came into effect at the start of the year. But there is a slowdown in orders for EVs that will be reflected in the statistics in the coming days and, of course, these statistics are going to be very negative, he said. The decline of MOVES III has not yet been noticed.
She outlined a list of complaints: noise pollution (peaks of 87 decibels, well over the allowed 55, according to municipal limits ); streets so packed with revelers that it is hard to walk or even reach one’s front door; an exodus of fed-up locals that is changing the character of picturesque neighborhoods. That was well over the 3.2
In addition to that, they create lesser noise pollution which means additional health benefits for everyone including a decrease in road rage, anxiety, and tension and an increase in cognitive abilities. The statistic for road accidents between electric vehicles and cyclists is shockingly even higher at 56%.
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