International Ozone Parts Seattle 
Green Car Congress
APRIL 21, 2011
—Tim Bates, a research chemist at NOAA’s Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) in Seattle and co-lead of the US component of the study. When black carbon covers snow and ice, the radiation is absorbed, much like that black shirt, instead of being reflected back into the atmosphere.
Green Car Congress
SEPTEMBER 21, 2015
Both project grid emissions decreasing over time, in part because of existing and potential regulations and plausible economic conditions. Modeling simulations indicate that even considering recent Tier 3 vehicle emission standards, electrifying on-road vehicles can result in modest, yet widespread reductions in ozone and PM 2.5
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