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In the quest to realize artificial photosynthesis to convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into fuel—just as plants do—researchers need to not only identify materials to efficiently perform photoelectrochemical water splitting, but also to understand why a certain material may or may not work. —Johanna Eichhorn.
IBM and the University of Guadalajara (UdeG) in Mexico have created a Smarter Cities Exploration Center. The University will foster the assimilation of high-level competencies and expertise by its doctoral students and researchers, to support efforts designed to tackle issues that have a high social and economic impact for Latin America.
The optimized photo-electrochemical water splitting device uses light absorbers made of silicon arranged in closely packed pillars, dotted with tiny clusters of the new molybdenum sulfide catalyst. Damsgaard, Thomas Pedersen and Ole Hansen, Technical University of Denmark. Image courtesy of Christian D. Click to enlarge.
In working to elucidate the chemistry of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) for the catalytic upgrading of pyrolytic bio-oil to fuel-grade products, researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have discovered that water in the conversion process helps form an impurity which, in turn, slows down key chemical reactions.
Researchers from Oregon State University College of Engineering, with colleagues from Cornell University and the Argonne National Laboratory, have used advanced experimental tools to provide a clearer understanding of an electrochemical catalytic process that’s cleaner and more sustainable than deriving hydrogen from natural gas.
Our tool provides a simple method to integrate disparate climate and population data sources and develop preliminary per capita water availability projections at a global scale. At that time, it was unusual to integrate population, climate and water data into one model. —Esther Parish, lead author. —Esther Parish.
A new set of buoys in Alaska waters will help scientists understand how climate change may be affecting the pH level of northern seas. University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) researchers placed the first buoy last month. These factors increase the transport of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into surface waters.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has selected national laboratory-led projects for up to $11 million this year, as well as future years, subject to annual appropriations, under DOE’s competitive laboratory solicitation for the development of Advanced Water Power Technologies. Earlier post.)
The US Department of Energy has selected 7 projects to participate in the University Coal Research (UCR) program. University of California, Merced, Calif. Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Missouri, Kansas City, Mo. Clemson University, Clemson, S.C. DOE award: $298,191).
Researchers at KAUST have developed and used a novel way of increasing the chemical reactivity of a two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide material to produce a cheap and effective catalyst for water splitting to produce hydrogen. A monolayer of molybdenum disulfide is only reactive for reducing water to hydrogen at its edge.
A research collaboration between South Africa-based Sasol and the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at the University of Pretoria (UP) has led to the commissioning of high-tech equipment to gain better insights into the properties and performance of synthetic diesel fuels.
These results provide fundamental insights into the fabrication of high-performance all-solid-state Li batteries. Before completing the fabrication of a battery, the team exposed the LiCoO 2 surface to air, nitrogen (N 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), hydrogen (H 2 ), and water vapor (H 2 O) for 30 minutes. 1c17945.
The project will provide insights about integrating nuclear energy with hydrogen production technologies and inform future clean hydrogen production deployments at scale. Six tonnes of stored hydrogen will be used to produce approximately 200 MWh electricity during times of high demand, and may be also used to make chemicals and other fuels.
Through these processes, fuel cells produce electricity to power electric motors in vehicles and other applications, emitting water as the only by-product. Platinum-based, nano-sized particles are the most effective materials for promoting reactions in fuel cells, including the ORR in the cathode. Lopes, P.P.,
Key research areas that will be explored by IBM Research - Africa include: Smarter Cities – with initial focus on water and transportation: Rates of urbanization in Africa are the highest in the world. The initial focus will be on smarter water systems and traffic management solutions for the region.
Researchers in Canada have demonstrated a new photochemical diode artificial photosynthesis system that can enable efficient, unassisted overall pure water splitting without using any sacrificial reagent. overall water splitting reaction. These free charges split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. … in neutral (pH?~?7.0)
Researchers at Stanford University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory now report that the root cause of lithium intrusion into the electrolyte is a combination of current focusing and the presence of nanoscale cracks, rather than electronic leakage or electrochemical reduction.
When methane hydrates are “melted,” or exposed to pressure and temperature conditions outside those where the formations are stable, the solid crystalline lattice turns to liquid water, and the enclosed methane molecules are released as gas. The University of Texas at Austin. Earlier post.). DOE Investment: approximately $480,000 ?.
Rice University research has uncovered novel insights into water on Mars. The post Water on Mars: New study uncovers ancient aquifers beneath the surface appeared first on Innovation News Network. Find out if these findings could support life on the Red Planet.
Researchers at Columbia University have solved the first piece of the puzzle; they have proved that CO 2 electroreduction begins with one common intermediate, not two as was commonly thought. Their paper is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Ruthenium dioxide is widely used in industrial processes, in which it’s particularly important for catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that splits molecules of water and releases oxygen. I think the exciting aspect of the work is that we push a little bit the boundary of our understanding of the catalysis of splitting water.
The findings have implications for the availability, management and use of water resources in regions around the world, say the researchers. Zhanqing Li (lead author), Feng Niu and Yanni Ding of the University of Maryland; Jiwen Fan of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Yangang Liu of Brookhaven National Laboratory; and Prof.
A research team from University of Western Ontario, McMaster University and Beijing Computational Science Research Center has developed an effective synthesis method to produce isolated single platinum (Pt) atoms and clusters for use as catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water splitting to produce hydrogen.
A comprehensive three-year scientific study into the air, water and soil impacts of hydraulic fracturing (HF) in coal seam gas (CSG) in Queensland, Australia has found little to no impacts on air quality, soils, groundwater and waterways. CSIRO scientist sets up a solar-powered air-quality-monitoring station in the Surat Basin, Queensland.
This insight could potentially inform bioremediation efforts in the region. But both strains were able to adapt to a wide range of temperatures, so could be deployed during summertime when temperatures are higher, soils are unfrozen, and water is more accessible. The results show that strain ADL36 is better at diesel biodegradation.
Our findings highlight the need for systematic examination of global versus regional drivers of trends in Indian rainfall extremes, and may help to inform flood hazard preparedness and water resource management in the region. —Ghosh et al. Shih-Chieh Kao.
Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder are developing new computational tools and models to better understand and manage the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells. Other partners include the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility and Research Computing at the University of Colorado Boulder. Credit: Heinz et al.
Researchers at the US Department of Energy’s Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL, the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) and Michigan State University (MSU) have developed a new biomass pretreatment method that reorganizes the hydrogen bond network within crystalline cellulose. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Shishir P.
The findings could help advance development of the microbial production of hydrogen from sunlight and water. Professor Fraser Armstrong, Oxford University, co-author. An international team of scientists from the UK, Germany and France have discovered how oxygen stops photosynthetic organisms such as green algae from producing hydrogen.
The new measurements will provide further insight into hydrocarbon combustion and atmospheric chemistry. Taatjes and his colleagues confirmed this prediction and made the first experimental determination of the reaction rate of a Criegee intermediate with water. Earlier post.).
A team comprising scientists who specialize in structure materials at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) has developed a high-performance electrocatalyst based on an innovative concept originally for developing alloys. The findings are published in the journal Advanced Materials. Source: CityU. Source: CityU. —Professor Liu.
New projects to be funded this year aim at enhancing productivity, yield, nutrient and water utilization, and sustainability of plant feedstocks. University of Delaware, Newark. University of Georgia, Athens. Energy Bioscience Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Texas A&M University, College Station.
A team from seven US universities and the Korea Institue of Science and Technology, led by George Huber, Professor of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, has developed an integrated catalytic process for the conversion of whole biomass into drop-in aviation fuels with maximal carbon yields.
succeeded in isolating the simplest CI and reported direct kinetic measurements of its reactions with water, NO, NO 2 , and SO 2. —Professor Dudley Shallcross, Professor in Atmospheric Chemistry at The University of Bristol. Criegee intermediates (CIs) play a central role in the formation of numerous atmospheric compounds.
Anastas is currently on public service leave from Yale University, where he holds the Theresa and H. To be truly effective, EPA’s environmental research must evolve along with these new insights and be as dynamic as the challenges it aims to inform. Safe and Sustainable Water Resources (SSWR).
Photoelectrical chemical cells (PECs) have the potential to produce hydrogen fuel through artificial photosynthesis, an emerging renewable energy technology that uses energy from sunlight to drive chemical reactions such as splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen. —Francesca Toma.
The recently completed study, conducted by researchers at the University of Texas–Permian Basin (UTPB), is one of several FE-supported research projects providing insight that will help tap this resource. Residual oil zones (ROZs), are areas of immobile oil found below the oil-water contact of a reservoir.
Researchers, led by a team from the University of Pennsylvania, have used a polymer-folding mechanism to develop a new and versatile kind of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) that currently offers proton conductivity faster than Nafion by a factor of 2, the benchmark for fuel cell membranes. They collaborated with Kenneth B. Wagener, George B.
Researchers at Changchun University of Science and Technology in China have developed a nanobox strategy to improve the performance of lithium-sulfur batteries. The ZIF-67 nanocubes were dispersed in a mixed solution containing ethanol (20 mL) and deionized water (5 mL). A paper on their work appears in the Journal of Power Sources.
The US Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) today recently signed a cooperative agreement with the University of Texas at Austin and a team of Arctic researchers for a comprehensive study of the Hanna Shoal ecosystem in the Chukchi Sea off Alaska’s northwest coast. Click to enlarge. Dr. Kenneth H.
GHG, criteria pollutants, energy intensity, water resources, costs, urban air quality) for future year scenarios proposed for fuels and power plants associated with both mobile and stationary sources. GHG are reduced, air quality is improved), they provide an unprecedented level of detail and insight from a planning perspective.
Scientists at the Helmholtz Center for Materials and Energy (HZB) in collaboration with the School of Chemistry and ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science at Monash University, Australia, have precisely characterized the electronic states of a manganese (Mn) water-splitting catalyst for artificial photosynthesis.
During drilling, when the pressure applied to balance the hydrocarbon pressure in a well is not great enough to overcome that exerted by gas and fluids in the rock formation drilled, then water, gas, oil, or other formation fluid can enter the hole. This is called a “gas kick,” which in worst-case scenarios can lead to blowouts.
A team from Lawrence Berkeley and Argonne National Laboratories, Tufts University and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology have now used X-ray based imaging techniques to study the inner workings of PEM fuelcell components subjected to a range of temperature and moisture conditions. —Shum et al.
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