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A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.
(Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. removal; it showed about 95 % O 3.
A University of Utah engineer has developed an inexpensive new method to remove oil sheen by repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing ozonegas, creating microscopic bubbles that attack the oil so it can be removed by sand filters. The ozone in the bubble attacks certain pollutants because it is a strong oxidant.
Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.
Mineta San José International Airport’s (SJC) has deployed a fleet of 10 Proterra battery-electric buses that will transport passengers and their luggage between SJC’s parking lots, rental car center, and terminals. The electric bus fleet is anticipated to reduce ozone emissions by 1.1
The levels of these non-fuel-derived gases will likely remain unchanged, even as more drivers transition from gas-powered to electric vehicles. These emissions are independent of the vehicle energy/propulsion system and therefore applicable to all road vehicle types including those with battery-electric powertrains. Cliff et al.
Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. A recent PSI study led by environmental scientist Christian Bauer found that a battery electric car is already the most environmentally friendly option in Switzerland and many other countries, even when the manufacture of the battery is figured in. in review).
Renault recently made public the findings of an internal study, published first in October 2011, detailing and comparing the lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of the battery-electric and two internal combustion engined versions (gasoline and diesel) of the Renault Fluence. dCi); gasoline Fluence 16V (1.6L); and the battery-electric Fluence Z.E. (22
Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. Background. Click to enlarge.
Researchers from Northwestern University and Princeton University have explored the impact on US air quality from an aggressive conversion of internal combustion vehicles to battery-powered electric vehicles (EVs). coal, oil, natural gas, and biomass). Seasons and times of day. at high EV adoption fractions. Schnell et al.
The program funds projects to encourage the development and use of new technologies and alternative and renewable fuels, including electricity, natural gas, biomethane, hydrogen, and gasoline and diesel substitutes, such as cellulosic ethanol (derived from woody materials, including agricultural waste), and biodiesel from waste grease.
The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has issued its official Auction Notice for the California Cap-and-Trade Program Greenhouse Gas Allowance Auction on 19 February 2013—the second official auction. consigned by the electricity distribution utilities. Destruction of Ozone Depleting Substances. Earlier post.)
million US Department of Energy (DOE) grant to demonstrate a pre-production Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) hybrid 4,300 hp line-haul locomotive. In several weeks, OptiFuel will start taking orders, in 49 of the US states, for a new line of affordable 800 hp to 3,200 hp, 100% natural gas freight and transit locomotives.
The plan, California’s Short-lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy, maps out the route to more rapid greenhouse gas reductions by clamping down on these super pollutants. Approximately 70% of the reductions needed to meet the ozone standard in the South Coast in 2031 would come from existing or proposed regulatory actions.
Researchers at Japan’s Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), in a project funded by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), have successfully developed a method to extract oil from algae using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) at room temperature in high yield.
Each of the four recipients will match a percentage of the grant amount with their own funds to purchase compressed natural gas-powered vehicles; retrofit diesel engines with cleaner technology; replace older, more polluting diesel buses with cleaner diesel buses; or purchase hybrid electric-powered buses.
The cap-and-trade program also works in concert with other measures, such as standards for cleaner vehicles, low-carbon fuels, renewable electricity and energy efficiency, and complements and supports California’s existing efforts to reduce smog-forming and toxic air pollutants. Click to enlarge.
life-cycle study of three Li-ion battery chemistries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and battery-electric (BEV) vehicles generated a number of findings and identified opportunities for improving the environmental profile of Li-ion batteries for use in plug-in and electric vehicles. A recent Abt Associates, Inc.
The California Air Resources Board on Thursday adopted the final greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions cap-and-trade regulation. Compliance obligations for greenhouse gas emissions begins 1 January 2013. the second, starting in 2015, brings in distributors of transportation fuels, natural gas and other fuels. Earlier post.)
The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. In-State Hydro, Solar, and Wind Electricity Generation.
This problem is even more pronounced in hybrid-electric vehicles, which require special measures to address evaporative emissions as the gas engine only operates intermittently, creating the need to store pressurized fuel vapor. A Fuel Tank Isolation Valve is offered for use in hybrid electric vehicles.
A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them.
The California Air Resources Board has equipped two battery-powered electric vehicles to take ground level readings of greenhouse gases throughout the state. These on-the-ground assessments will provide invaluable information to assure we are on the right course in terms of measuring and assessing greenhouse gas emissions.
California’s latest greenhouse gas data shows that while the state continues to stay below its 2020 target for emissions, there is much more work to do to achieve carbon neutrality by 2045. These programs cover transportation fuels, industrial emissions, vehicle emissions and emissions from electricity generation.
The downward emission trend of three main pollutants which cause ground-level ozone continued in 2007: carbon monoxide (CO) fell by 57%, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) were down by 47% and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) have dropped 36%. EU-27 emissions of all four pollutants were lower in 2007 than in 2006.
Widespread adoption of electric transportation, including electrification in the off-road sector, could lead to substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and could modestly improve air quality, according to a new analysis released by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).
NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 It is important to state that there are several technology paths to achieve these levels of emissions, and some of them can simultaneously lower greenhouse gas emissions, such that the NO x reductions do not compete with the CO 2 reductions.
FTA’s Low-No Program supports transit agencies in purchasing or leasing low- or no-emission buses and other transit vehicles that use technologies such as battery electric and fuel-cell power to provide cleaner, more efficient transit service in communities across the country.
The human health benefits associated with improvements in air quality related to the reduction in greenhouse gas emissions improvements can offset 26–1,050% of the cost of US carbon policies, depending upon the type of policy, according to a new study by a team from MIT. Standards for fine particulate matter were exceeded in 118 counties.
60% of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) precursors, 6% of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), and 22% of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. emissions owing to reduced coal mining activity caused by excess electricity generation in biorefineries which is sold to the electrical grid and assumed to offset electricity produced elsewhere.
Among the direct transportation-related provisions in the extensive package are a low-carbon fuel standard for all transportation fuels; financial support for large scale demonstrations of electric vehicles; and financial support for automakers retooling plants to make electric vehicles. trucks, construction machines, ships and planes.
The California Air Resources Board released its proposed greenhouse gas cap-and-trade regulation. A key part of ARB’s AB 32 Scoping Plan ( earlier post ), the cap-and-trade program provides an overall limit on the emissions from sources responsible for 85% of California’s greenhouse gas emissions. Offset Protocols.
The transition away from gasoline and diesel vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) is going full throttle in the United States, and that includes the iconic yellow school bus. Here are several reasons for school districts to switch to electric buses.
The major sources of methane in California are livestock (~30% of the state’s methane emissions), followed by landfills and oil and gas production. Methane is 72 times more efficient at trapping heat in the atmosphere than CO 2 , which is the most prevalent global warming gas. CO 2 remains in the atmosphere for up to a century.
Implementing these approaches, the report finds, would reduce greenhouse gas and other harmful emissions from diesel-powered ships, trucks and other port equipment. Many ports and related freight corridors and facilities are located in nonattainment or maintenance areas for EPA’s ozone and PM 2.5 Click to enlarge.
Scenarios show that to have a likely chance of limiting the increase in global mean temperature to two degrees Celsius, means lowering global greenhouse gas emissions by 40 to 70% compared with 2010 by mid-century, and to near-zero by the end of this century. Electricity produced from low?carbon carbon sources has near?term
Mikhail Chester and Arpad Horvath inventoried on-road, rail, and air travel to determine energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and criteria air pollutant (CAP) emissions (excluding PM, lead, and ozone due to lack of data). Chester and Horvath (2009).
The move to reduce the number of polluting trucks on the road integrates with a series of other measures to reduce vehicular air pollution in Haifa Bay, such as the massive installation of vapor recovery systems in gas stations, the move to convert buses and garbage trucks to natural gas, and more.
Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. The discovery of these highly soluble epoxides, the authors wrote in their paper, provides a missing link tying the gas-phase degradation of isoprene to the observed formation of organic aerosols.
The approach described is designed to meet simultaneously federal air quality standards; achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction targets; reduce petroleum consumption; and decrease health risk from transportation sources through 2030.
Colorado has voted to approve a new standard on the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), with an additional goal set for 2032 and new guidance for increasing EV sales beginning in 2027. Notably, the release says that the standard does not prohibit the sale or use of non-electric vehicles with internal combustion engines (ICEs).
In addition, the agency is proposing revised regulations which would include BEV and PHEV batteries and associated electric powertrain components under existing emission warranty provisions. The proposed standards are also projected to accelerate the transition to electric vehicles. Mid roof tractor 68.2 High roof tractor 66.0
The basic question addressed, which appears on the study homepage (epri-reports.org) is this: How would air quality and greenhouse gas emissions be affected if significant numbers of Americans drove cars that were fueled by the power grid? The use of electricity is an important attribute of PHEVs. billion metric tons.
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