Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2013

Researchers from Rice University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report in a paper in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry that particularly in Northeastern cities, ozone levels dropped even beyond what was anticipated by cutting emissions of NO x from 2002 to 2006. —Daniel Cohan, co-author. Earlier post.).

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Ozone EPA 2002 2006 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. Tropospheric ozone is the main cause of photochemical smog, an atmospheric pollutant harmful to human health and plant growth. Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) and Toyota Central R&D Labs.,

Ozone 199

Ozone Asia Toyota India 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2011

A NASA-led study has documented an unprecedented depletion of Earth’s protective ozone layer above the Arctic last winter and spring caused by an unusually prolonged period of extremely low temperatures in the stratosphere. The same ozone-loss processes occur each winter in the Arctic.

Ozone 186

Ozone 2011 Aura Davis 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2013

Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozone pollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Ozone Climate EPA 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said. Full implementation of these measures would reduce future global warming by 0.5 °C

Ozone 218

Ozone Climate Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Cronin, J. Melillo, D. Kicklighter, C.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water CO2 MIT 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

Ozone 210

Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Denver represents an interesting case study for exploring potential PHEV impacts because it violates the federal air quality standard for ozone and because several large EGUs [electricity generating units] are located in or near the urbanized area. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.

Denver 170

Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. We must consider climate change and air pollution together as we plan for the future. —Dr. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change 199

Climate Change Ozone Climate California 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2009

Researchers in France have found that ozone depletion above Antarctica has significantly reduced the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb atmospheric CO 2 and has also accelerated acidification of southern polar waters, despite lesser CO 2 uptake. The results revealed that, between 1987 and 2004, around 2.3 Lenton, A., Tagliabue, and J.

Ozone 150

Ozone Carbon 2004 Water 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

The Volkswagen Group announced that it is choosing CO 2 as the future low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant for its mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems. R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. Earlier post.).

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Future CO2 2009 Climate 311

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Global Water 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.

Ozone 150

Ozone Insight Netherlands North America 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2009

Currently, anthropogenic N 2 O emissions represent the largest contribution to ozone depletion. The study, published online 27 August in the journal Science , for the first time evaluated nitrous oxide emissions from human activities in terms of their potential impact on Earth’s ozone layer. Source: Ravishankara et al. The team, A.R.

Ozone 150

Ozone Emissions 2009 Climate 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

The coordinated package of regulations will reduce emissions of greenhouse gases and ozone- and smog-causing pollutants from new passenger cars, trucks, and SUVs starting in model year 2026. Their independent approval of the Clean Car Rule allows California’s Advanced Clean Cars to be implemented statewide in New Mexico beginning 1 July 2022.

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New Mexico Mexico Cleaning Clean 282

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Climate 287

Climate Ozone Emissions Transportation 287

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2020

The base year was selected as 2028 and the modeled year of 2035 was chosen to allow seven years of phase-in of low NO x trucks meeting the future modeled CTI scenario emission limits while still providing adequate confidence from an air quality perspective. Later years should show additional improvements as greater fleet turnover occurs.

Cleaner 243

Cleaner Ozone Emissions Atlanta 243

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2018

They found that exposure to pollutants such as ground-level ozone and nitrogen oxides, which are created from burning fossil fuels, led to increased ED visits. ozone and sulfate) origin and cardiorespiratory emergency department (ED) visits for 8 specific outcomes in five U.S. nitrogen oxides) and secondary (e.g. Krall, Howard H.

Pollution 353

Pollution St. Louis Dallas Atlanta 353

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2013

While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases. Their use is growing rapidly as replacements for ozone-depleting substances that are being phased out under the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.

United States 218

United States Ozone China Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2011

The European Parliament is calling for fast action to reduce non-CO 2 climate forcers including black carbon soot, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), methane, and ground-level ozone, which together are responsible for nearly half of climate forcing. Because these climate forcers are short-lived, reducing them produces a fast climate response.

Climate 225

Climate Ozone Bangladesh CO2 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In contrast to predictions, vehicle VOC emissions may actually increase given a predicted growth in total vehicle kilometers driven in a future electrified fleet and will undergo a complete VOC respeciation due to the source change. —Cliff et al. the products used for “car care,” such as windshield washer fluid. Resources Samuel J.

Emissions 397

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone 397

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. Characterizes the acid substances increase (NO x , SO 2.) in lower atmosphere, source of acid rains and forests depletion.

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2021

Together, the rules will not only ensure new diesel trucks are as clean as possible, they also put Oregon on a path towards a zero-carbon transportation future. Diesel engines are responsible for approximately 25% of all NO x emissions in the state, a precursor to the formation of ground level ozone.

Oregon 210

Oregon Cleaning Clean Ozone 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. In addition, it can differentiate between a large number of fuels: Besides the common ones, we have also integrated bio- and synthetic fuels of various origins, and we have considered future technologies such as CO 2 capture and storage in hydrogen production.

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2013

While they do not deplete the ozone layer, many are highly potent greenhouse gases whose use is growing rapidly as replacements for ozone-depleting substances being phased out under the Montreal Protocol. The Montreal Protocol was established in 1987 to protect the ozone layer.

Saudi Arabia 199

Saudi Arabia Ozone China Brunei 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2013

One of the more lasting contributions we can make in our community is to protect the environment by reducing ozone-forming emissions wherever possible. These trucks run cleaner and quieter, and will help to make the local environment healthier for future generations. —Michael Murphy, general manager of Republic Services.

Philadelphia 199

Philadelphia Waste Ozone New Jersey 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2012

The team used a population-weighted multi pollutant index (PW-MPI), suited for global model output, with the atmospheric chemistry general circulation model EMAC to estimate the impact of anthropogenic emission changes on global and regional air quality in recent and future years (2005, 2010, 2025 and 2050). Resources. Zimmermann, U.M.

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India Global 2005 Asia 240

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2012

Bromine also can remove ozone from the lowest layer of the atmosphere, the troposphere. Despite ozone’s beneficial role blocking harmful radiation in the stratosphere, ground-level ozone is a harmful pollutant. Bromine then reacts with a gaseous form of mercury, turning it into a pollutant that falls to Earth’s surface.

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Ozone Mercury United Kingdom 2008 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2012

offer 12,924,822 2013 current vintage allowances and 9,560,000 year 2016 future vintage allowances for sale. Offset projects can be designed to enhance removals of GHG on agricultural lands and forestlands or reduce GHG emissions through capture of methane from livestock operations and through destruction of ozone depleting substances.

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California Ozone 2013 Carbon 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2010

Cutting engine emissions of nitric oxide and nitrogen oxide, which contribute to ozone creation, 20% by 2015, 50% by 2020, and better than 50% by 2025—when compared with today’s best engines. Reducing the amount of fuel burned reduces emissions of carbon dioxide, which contribute to global warming.

Green 186

Green Chevron Future 2015 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

This study will measure concentrations of non-tailpipe (NTP) particulate matter across Toronto, Canada to determine how much non-tailpipe pollution people might breathe in everyday life and how to better measure these exposures in the future. Establish a bio-bank of samples to support future HEI-sponsored research in this area.

Emissions 353

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London 353

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2011

Under the settlement, PowerTrain will implement a plan to ensure that the engines and equipment they import in the future comply with Clean Air Act requirements. Ground level ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, including chest pain, coughing, throat irritation and congestion.

Cleaning 186

Cleaning Clean District of Columbia Standards 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2011

Under the settlement, PowerTrain will implement a plan to ensure that the engines and equipment they import in the future comply with Clean Air Act requirements. Ground level ozone can trigger a variety of health problems, including chest pain, coughing, throat irritation and congestion.

Cleaning 186

Cleaning Clean District of Columbia Standards 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

Finally, our results demonstrate that improving our knowledge of aerosol-climate interactions is important not only for better understanding the aerosol contribution to past and future climate change, but even for correctly evaluating the effects of long-lived greenhouse gas emissions from methane-oxidant-aerosol interactions. Shindell et al.

Climate Change 268

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. We infer recent SGHG emissions and examine the impact of future emissions scenarios, with a particular focus on proposals to reduce HFC use under the Montreal Protocol.

Climate 199

Climate Ozone Climate Change Emissions 199