Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2022

The US Energy Information Administration’s (EIA’s) Annual Energy Outlook 2022 (AEO2022) Reference case forecasts that US energy consumption will grow through 2050, primarily driven by population and economic growth. Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration, Annual Energy Outlook 2022 (AEO2022).

Gas 459

Gas Fuel Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 459

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2014

EPA released the latest edition of its annual report on trends in CO 2 emissions, fuel economy and powertrain technology for new personal vehicles in the US. Fuel economy has now increased in eight of the last nine years; average carbon dioxide emissions are also at a record low of 369 g/mile in model year 2013.

Fuel Economy 230

Fuel Economy MPG Economy EPA 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2018

Researchers at Jilin University (China) have investigated the effect of gasoline components on fuel economy, combustion and emissions in a GDI (gasoline-direct-injection) engine. The team subsequently followed up this first study with a second, exploring the effects in a PFI (port-fuel-injection) engine. —Han et al.

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Gasoline Economy Emissions 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

The US Energy Information Administration released its Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013) Reference case (the Early Release ), which highlights a growth in total US energy production that exceeds growth in total US energy consumption through 2040. new appliance standards and CAFE) and changes in the way energy is used in the US economy.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy 2013 Sale 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA’s AEO2012 projects a continued decline in US imports of liquid fuels due to increased production of gas liquids and biofuels and greater fuel efficiency. The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) released its Reference case projections for US energy markets through 2035. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge.

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2011

The macro results for four scenarios showed that economic growth and employment rise with the degree and scope of transport fuel efficiency standards. changes are relative to baseline of No standards scenario. that statewide economic growth and employment rise with the degree and scope of transport fuel efficiency standards.

Standards 218

Standards California Fuel Economy Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2012

Separately, the Accord Hybrid, also featuring Honda’s new two-motor hybrid system, will launch nationwide next summer with anticipated fuel economy ratings of 49/45/47 city/hwy/combined (4.8/5.2/5.0 The numerical part of the standard category, such as 20 in SULEV20, refers to the emission standard, in thousandths of a gram per mile.

2014 339

2014 EPA Honda PHEV 339

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2014

On Friday, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a Manufacturers Performance Report that assesses the automobile industry’s progress toward meeting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for cars and light trucks in the 2012 model year—the first year of the 14-year program. A note on methodology and values.

Standards 231

Standards EPA Gas 2012 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2013

A negative value means the case has a lower TCE than the reference case. Only in the case of high EV market share and a high renewable electricity standard (RES) do EVs make a material contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions, they found. Credit: ACS, Choi et al. Click to enlarge. Credit: ACS, Choi et al. Click to enlarge.

Low Cost 236

Low Cost Georgia Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Existing US policies that stress energy efficiency and alternative fuels, together with higher energy prices, will curb energy consumption growth and shift the energy mix toward renewable fuels, according to the reference case for the Annual Energy Outlook 2010 ( AEO2010 ) released by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Renewable 199

Renewable Oil 2010 Energy 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2013

The new MY2014 Mercedes-Benz Sprinter van for the US now features a 2.1L, 4-cylinder diesel with a t-speed automatic transmission as standard. The 4-cylinder Sprinter features a 7-speed automatic transmission with torque converter—the only 7-speed automatic transmission to feature in a van—is refined for maximum fuel economy.

2014 306

2014 Diesel Standards Exhaust 306

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2013

Achieved Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) fuel economy performance has exceeded the anticipated levels for 2012 and 2013 model years—the two years that the current standard has been in effect—according to a new analysis by Michael Sivak and Brandon Schoettle at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI).

Fuel Economy 220

Fuel Economy MPG 2013 2012 220

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. Beyond 2020, CAFE standards for both passenger cars and light-duty trucks are held constant.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2019

USenergy-related carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel energy consumption. Source: US Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review, Annual Energy Outlook 2019 Reference case. US energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in AEO2019 Reference Case.

Gas 220

Gas Emissions Energy Coal 220

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2010

In the comments, the Alliance outlined four specific concerns with the NOI and the accompanying Technical Assessment Report: The agencies should consider the critical role of fuel prices in ensuring public acceptance of more costly high-fuel economy vehicles.

Automobile Manufacturer 210

Automobile Manufacturer Automobile Manufacturer Fuel Economy 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

The US Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) Annual Energy Outlook 2017 (AEO2017) Reference case projects a decline in light-duty vehicle energy use between 2018 and 2040 as improvements in fuel economy more than offset increases in light-duty vehicle (LDV) miles. quadrillion Btu in 2017 to 14.2 trillion miles in 2016.

Light 150

Light Fuel Economy Energy MPG 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 9, 2013

For diesel fuel, this category establishes a high quality hydrocarbon-only specification that takes advantage of the characteristics of certain advanced biofuels, including hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and biomass-to-liquid (BTL), provided all other specifications are respected and the resulting blend meetes defined legislated terms.

Fuel 210

Fuel Emissions Fuel Economy Gasoline 210

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2015

The analysis used by federal agencies to set standards for fuel economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas emissions for new US light-duty vehicles from 2017 to 2025 was thorough and of high caliber overall, according to a new report from the National Research Council. only the MY 2017-2021 CAFE standards are final. Background.

Standards 150

Standards Fuel Economy Economy EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2016

The US EPA, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and California Air Resources Board (ARB) have released the Draft Technical Assessment Report mid-term evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and fuel economy standards for light-duty cars and trucks for model years (MY) 2022-2025.

EPA 150

EPA Standards Gasoline Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 20, 2011

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) will consider at its December 2011 meeting amendments to the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) regulation. Although the current regulatory text does not explicitly require use of the LRT, it has become the de facto standard for reporting purposes, and staff’s proposal would simply formalize this.

Carbon 231

Carbon Oil California Standards 231

Green Car Congress

MAY 19, 2009

US President Barack Obama today announced a new harmonized national policy intended to reduce fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for all new cars and trucks sold in the US. The resulting new standards will cover model years 2012-2016, and will require an average fuel economy standard of 35.5

2016 150

2016 Obama Standards MPG 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

This demand would create a nationwide E30 infrastructure that would then allow for the marketing of “E30 Optimized” Vehicles designed to provide the fuel economy and GHG reductions necessary to meet 2022 CO 2 reduction standards. mpg fleet-wide CAFE standards.

EPA 236

EPA USA Concept Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2013

The Charter matches fuel specifications to the vehicle and engine specifications required to meet various customer needs around the world. Increasing the minimum octane rating available in the marketplace has the potential to help vehicles significantly improve fuel economy and, consequently, reduce vehicle CO 2 emissions.

Fuel 199

Fuel Emissions Fuel Economy CO2 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2017

According to the analysis, under current standards, buyers of model year 2025 vehicles would fully recoup the extra cost for technology in the vehicle in the third year of ownership under a cash-purchase scenario. Consumer benefits would be more than 3 times the costs of the standards. Fuel savings are 2.4

Light 170

Light MPG Fuel Economy Vehicles 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2012

Calibration is defined as the procedure required to optimize one or more engine performance indices—such as fuel economy, emissions, or engine power—with respect to the engine controllable variables.). They are operated with reference to engine operating points and the values of various engine controllable variables.

Engine 236

Engine Fuel Economy PHEV Economy 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2015

However, because the US has mandatory HDV efficiency standards in place, the rate of technology development and deployment will likely be faster than for trucks in the EU, the authors suggested. Worldwide, freight vehicles are a major and growing contributor to fuel consumption and GHG emissions in the transportation sector.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy China Fuel Europe 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. year from 2013 through 2040 in the Reference case, far below the rates of economic growth (2.4%/year)

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The morning session started out with an hour long press conference, the highlight being the unveiling of the Volt’s 230 mpg preliminary EPA city fuel economy finding ( earlier post ), as well as a tour showing selected elements from the studios of the four GM North American brands: Chevrolet, GMC, Buick and Cadillac. Click to enlarge.

GM 262

GM Buick Fuel Economy Economy 262

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 22, 2014

Where the engine can, switch between operation on 100% gasoline or diesel fuel, 100% other fuel, and a combination of both without having to refuel. These areas of interest apply to light, medium and heavy duty on-road vehicles. Areas of interest. One or more projects awarded may be managed collaboratively with U.S.

Emissions 252

Emissions Vehicles Fuel Economy Carbon Fiber 252

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

These were arguably the first flex-fuel vehicles. During the early 1900s, a distillery was a standard piece of farm equipment. These distilleries made 192-proof alcohol for human consumption, lantern fuel and transportation fuel. 80.28, “applicable standard” means: 9.0 This moonshine was hydrous ethanol.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2011

The basis for any proposed changes to the assumptions (aggressive, moderate and conservative) should be provided (along with references where available). Fuel economies (as measured in the laboratory) for all fuel/vehicle systems were determined using Argonne National Laboratory’s Autonomie Model , Summer 2011 version.

Cost Of 210

Cost Of Future Fuel Economy Vehicles 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2011

Fuel consumption in the EU test cycle is rated at 7.8 EPA fuel economy ratings will be available closer to the on-sale date in the USA. Average fuel consumption lies between 8.6 EPA fuel economy ratings will be available closer to the on-sale date in summer 2012. L/100km (30.2 l/100km (26.7-27.3

BMW 199

BMW 2013 Engine Fuel Economy 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2016

High efficiency engines with low-carbon fuels clearly is a major, major pathway. Berube went on to reference the importance of DOE’s major new Co-Optima initiative ( earlier post ), an effort to co-optimize new fuels and light-, medium- and heavy-duty engines which together could achieve very significant performance improvements.

PHEV 218

PHEV Engine Fuel Economy Economy 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2017

With this new transmission, Allison continues to demonstrate its commitment to help achieve standards regarding fuel efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This release coincides with the timing of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Phase 2 GHG and Fuel Efficiency Standards. Announced in March, FuelSense 2.0

2000 150

2000 2020 Fuel Economy Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2020

a,b, Baseline cases (top dark-blue bar) and changes in emissions associated with increasing LDV travel demand, fuel consumption standards and electrification assuming current fuel economy policy (SAFE standards) (a) and stringent fuel economy policies (CAFE standards for conventional vehicles, along with high vehicle size and weight control) (b).

Climate Change 243

Climate Change Fleet Climate Vehicles 243

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2020

. … This article compares the economics of various existing hydrogen-delivery methods with the economics of a novel variation on pipeline delivery: a high-pressure, scalable, intra-city pipeline system referred to here as the “HyLine” system. kg—approximately equivalent to a gasoline cost of $2.7/gal

Hydrogen 298

Hydrogen Gasoline Los Angeles Chad 298

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 12, 2012

These will equip its trucks when the new standard becomes compulsory in January 2014 (January 2013 for new homologations). Finally, the particulate filter enables the vehicle to comply with the very low level of particle emissions demanded by the new standard. Euro VI-compliant DTI 11. Click to enlarge.

Engine 236

Engine Exhaust Volvo Fuel Economy 236