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The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing new, stronger standards to promote clean air and reduce pollution from heavy-duty vehicles and engines starting in model year (MY) 2027. In 2045, the proposed Option 1 would result in total annual monetized ozone- and PM 2.5
EPA’s TAG program aims to reduce air pollution in areas of the nation with the highest levels of ambient ozone and fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) pollution. Under the TAG program, eligible state and local air pollution control agencies must directly apply to EPA, but can select partners for a project consortium.
A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.
A new study led by researchers from Northwestern University projects that if electric vehicles replaced 25% of combustion engine cars currently on the road, the United States would save approximately $17 billion annually by avoiding damages from climate change and air pollution. The open-access paper is published in AGU’s journal GeoHealth.
The results, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science , suggest that the focus of efforts to mitigate ozone formation and toxic chemical burdens need to be adjusted, the authors suggested. Even so, lotions, paints and other products contribute about as much to air pollution as does the transportation sector.
Denver represents an interesting case study for exploring potential PHEV impacts because it violates the federal air quality standard for ozone and because several large EGUs [electricity generating units] are located in or near the urbanized area. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.
A new report prepared by the World Bank at the request of the G8 identifies ways that the World Bank can do more through its projects to reduce the emission of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs): black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and fluorinated gases known as HFCs. —Akbar et al. degrees Celsius. —Akbar et al.
A scatter plot of CO, as a tracer for pollution, versus CO 2 , as a tracer for the amount of combustion, for 2002 and 2010. VOCs, primarily emitted from the tailpipes of vehicles, are a key ingredient in the formation of ground-level ozone which, at high levels, can harm people’s lungs and damage crops and other plants.
It requires anyone who owns, operates, charters, rents or leases any US or foreign-flagged container, passenger or refrigerated-cargo vessel that visits a California port to meet the operational time limits and reduce their power generation fleet-wide, as well as submit statements of compliance.
Emissions from heavy-duty vehicles are primarily under the regulatory jurisdiction of state and federal government, and voluntary incentive programs are critical to transitioning fleets to the next generation of cleaner technologies and achieving reductions needed to meet air quality standards. standards.
A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al. Click to enlarge.
A fleet average nonfuel nonexhaust VOC emission factor of 58 ± 39 mg veh –1 km –1 was calculated for the missing source, which is greater than the total of all VOCs emitted from vehicle exhausts and their associated evaporative fuel losses. —Cliff et al. the products used for “car care,” such as windshield washer fluid.
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) voted to approve an updated plan for the South Coast Air Basin aimed at further cutting smog-forming emissions to attain the federal 8-hour ozone standard. The plan also includes current efforts to transform California’s vehicle fleet to zero-emission. —CARB Chair Mary D.
The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. —Dunmore et al.
According to a newly-published discussion paper, the primary objective of the proposed standards is to require fleet average SULEV-level emissions performance (similar to the Federal Tier 2 Bin 2 standard) from new vehicles by model year 2022. LEVII criteria pollutant emission standards (PC/LDT1 and LDT2). Earlier post.).
Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.
A new report from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finds that air pollution at US ports can be reduced significantly at all port types and sizes through a variety of strategies and cleaner technologies. In 2030, adding plug-in hybrid electric vehicles to these fleets could yield even more NO x and PM 2.5 Click to enlarge.
CARB also adopted a new plan to curb destructive “super pollutants” including black carbon, fluorinated gases and methane. The plan, California’s Short-lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy, maps out the route to more rapid greenhouse gas reductions by clamping down on these super pollutants. emissions by more than 20%.
Using biodiesel in construction vehicles offers promising environmental benefits in terms of reduced tailpipe emissions as well as reductions in fuel cycle emissions of selected pollutants, according to a new study by researchers at North Carolina State University. ozone, PM) problems may be less pressing.
While it’s obvious that the internal combustion engine vehicles are polluting the air outside the buses, what you may not know is that numerous studies show that the pollution from the burning diesel regularly makes its way into the buses. View the Case Study How much funding is available for EV charging at school districts?
Each of the four recipients will match a percentage of the grant amount with their own funds to purchase compressed natural gas-powered vehicles; retrofit diesel engines with cleaner technology; replace older, more polluting diesel buses with cleaner diesel buses; or purchase hybrid electric-powered buses.
As part of a US Department of Energy sponsored effort, local fleets will replace existing diesel delivery vehicles with all-electric medium- and heavy-duty Smith Newton trucks for daily operations in the Houston-Galveston area. The project will have additional impact with an expected reduction in GHG emissions by 37.5
A single proposal may target multiple fleets, fleet types and/or diesel emission reduction solutions. million tons of NO x , which contribute to the formation of ozone and additional fine particles. Nationwide, in 2009 diesel emission from mobile sources alone will account for approximately 300,000 tons of directly emitted PM 2.5
Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels.
systems in areas classified “Serious,” “Severe,” or “Extreme” for nonattainment of the ozone national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). Vapor emissions from refueling, if allowed to escape, can contribute significantly to ground-level ozone, sometimes called smog, as well as to other types of harmful air pollution.
Mary Fallin joined 14 other states to sign a multi-state Memorandum of Understanding committing to the purchase of NGVs for each State’s fleet and encouraging the development of more functional and affordable CNG vehicles. In 2011, Hickenlooper and Oklahoma Gov.
The twenty light-duty gasoline vehicles included a mixture of technologies, such as gasoline direct injection (GDI), port fuel injection (PFI) as well as PFI+GDI fuel systems that are representative of the current California gasoline fleet. The test fleet showed statistically significant effects for some pollutants, but not for others.
The rail sector is the only transportation modality without significant emissions related development that is feasible in the near-term to eliminate ozone, smog and GHG emissions, OptiFuel says. Beside the US locomotive fleet average NNO x Ox emissions of 8 g/bhp-hr, the US rail fleet’s average fine Particulate Matter (PM) emissions is 0.22
Workplace, fleet and multi-unit dwelling projects will be given priority. $5 County of Santa Clara will received $300,000 to purchase and install a publicly accessible compressed natural gas (CNG) fueling station at a county fleet management facility in San Jose. 4 million to emerging opportunities.
In addition, the Governor directed the Department of Environmental Conservation to release the proposed Advanced Clean Truck regulation that would significantly reduce air pollution from trucks. million registered vehicles. million registered vehicles.
The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.
The program is geared to help small California-based fleets replace their older, polluting trucks with newer, cleaner models. California is currently working toward meeting clean-air standards for ozone and particulate matter emissions.
Hence, in contrast to the situation for NMHC, ethanol, acetaldehyde, and CH 4 , it is not possible to make general statements regarding the effect of fuel ethanol content on tailpipe emissions of NO x , THC, and NMOG for the current or future FFV fleet based on testing of a small number of existing vehicle models. —Hubbard et al.
The proposal retains the proven regulatory design of previous EPA standards for light-duty vehicles, but leverages advances in clean car technology to further reduce both climate pollution and smog- and soot-forming emissions. Together, the proposals would reduce oil imports by approximately 20 billion barrels.
The electric buses will replace CTA’s oldest diesel buses and reduce greenhouse gases in communities that have experienced air pollution and other environmental health hazards, improving public health and quality of life. By retrofitting the garage to service electric buses, the agency will also lower pollution in the surrounding community.
Volvo Trucks will deliver the EPA-funded VNR Electric trucks to Southern California fleet operators starting in 2021 through the third quarter of 2022, allowing for at least a full year of operations by the end of the project period in 2023.
As part the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection’s (MoEP’s) action plan to reduce pollution in Haifa Bay in Israel, Israel Police are actively enforcing exclusion rules that bar heavy vehicles in downtown Haifa Bay at certain times of the day. Air pollution, Haifa. —MoEP Director General Yisrael Dancziger.
Furthermore, this would also deliver a net annual reduction of at least 200 MtCO 2 e from short-lived climate pollutants in 2030 (using GWP-100 values). Next-generation standards would target new reductions in emissions of NO x and non-methane hydrocarbons (HC), which are precursors to ozone and secondary particulate matter.
Using urban eddy covariance measurements, the researchers found that traffic-related NO x emissions in current operational air quality models can be significantly underestimated by up to a factor of 4 across countries with a sizeable fraction of diesel-powered cars in their fleet.
Acetaldehyde is classified as a hazardous air pollutants (HAP) regulated under Title III of the Clean Air Act Amendments. They used this scenario as a diagnostic to evaluate the potential for E85 fuel use to affect long-range atmospheric chemistry relative to a similar vehicle fleet running mainly on gasoline.
In the first, they found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to mostly switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Officials, Geiger said, will need to weigh the increase in ozone against the decrease in nanoparticles when ethanol is used.
ARB staff developed this strategy using a multi-pollutant scenario planning tool ( Vision 2.0 ) that quantifies changes in ozone and PM 2.5 precursor emissions; GHG emissions; petroleum usage; and diesel toxics emissions as various technologies become widespread in vehicle and equipment fleets. Vision 2.0
Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1 All components appear in the order they are shown in the legend.). Chester and Horvath (2009). Click to enlarge. and 800 times larger than vehicle operation.
The electrification case assumes that the overall fraction of vehicle miles traveled by the US vehicle fleet using electricity stored in batteries is 17% for light-duty vehicles and 8% for medium-duty vehicles. Transportation electrification can lead to modest, but widespread air quality benefits. levels throughout the United States.
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