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Pollution from tire wear can be 1,000 times worse than a car’s exhaust emissions, Emissions Analytics has found. Vehicle tire wear pollution is completely unregulated, unlike exhaust emissions which have been rapidly reduced by car makers due to the pressure placed on them by European emissions standards. Earlier post.).
In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions ( earlier post ). As a result, distance-specific mass and number emissions can be derived, which can then be compared to equivalent tire metrics.
Researchers from the University of Liverpool, Queen Mary University, London and Trinity College Dublin have linked exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) to susceptibility to pneumococcal disease. Many of these fatalities have been linked to exposure to high levels of airborne particulates, such as diesel exhaust particles (DEPs).
A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al.
Metal particles from the abrasion of brake pads (brake abrasion dust, BAD) may cause inflammation and reduce the ability of immune cells to kill bacteria, similarly to particles derived from diesel exhaust particles (DEP), according to a new study led by researchers at King’s College London. traffic pollution.
New research by George Mason University found that exposure to certain air pollutants is linked to increased emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We estimated associations between twelve ambient air pollutants of both primary (e.g. The study is published in the journal Environment International.
A new report released by the Air Quality Expert Group ( AQEG ) in the UK recommends as an immediate priority that non-exhaust emissions (NEE) are recognized as a source of ambient concentrations of airborne PM, even for vehicles with zero exhaust emissions of particles. —“Non-Exhaust Emissions from Road Traffic”.
Catalytic converters have been used in the US since the 1970s as a way to clean up pollutants from vehicle exhaust. In the catalytic process, rare metals such as platinum, are used in a chemical reaction to convert carbon monoxide and other pollutants to non-toxic carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water. —Yong Wang.
In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). Earlier post.). Our estimates suggest that stringent occupational and environmental standards for DEE should be set. —Vermeulen et al.
or fine-particulate matter, is exhaust from vehicles, especially from diesel engines. The California Air Resources Board commissioned the studies to further investigate the connection between fine particulate pollution and public health impacts in California. Particle Pollution (PM 2.5 ) in California Using a. Earlier post.).
A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. A filter captures harmful pollutants.
The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the specialized cancer agency of the World Health Organization (WHO), has classified outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1). 161, Air Pollution and Cancer. The air we breathe has become polluted with a mixture of cancer-causing substances.
The California Air Resources Board approved a new regulation designed to reduce pollution further from ocean-going vessels while docked at California’s busiest ports. The rule builds on progress achieved by the At-Berth Regulation adopted in 2007.
New York City Clean Air Taxi rules are successful in cutting emissions and reducing air pollution, [link] to a new study by researchers at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Drexel University. exhaust emissions declined by 82% and 49%, respectively.
Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. Procedures are even more common in winter, the most polluted time of year. additional PCIs per week.
Hybrid Electric Turbocharger for Exhaust Energy Recovery and Transient Lag Reduction. NexTech Materials of Lewis Center, Ohio, has developed a new diesel engine exhaust NO x sensing technology that is able to rapidly and selectively measure nitrogen oxides in diesel engine exhaust streams. Lead organization. Description.
A new UCLA study in zebrafish identified the process by which air pollution can damage brain cells, potentially contributing to Parkinson’s disease. Epidemiological studies have supported an association between long-term exposure to air pollutants and disease risk.
The capability to heat up the catalytic converter rapidly at all times increases the overall efficiency of exhaust-gas aftertreatment. The EMICAT e-catalyst developed by Vitesco Technologies ensures effective exhaust gas aftertreatment, even when the exhaust gas is actually too cold for this purpose.
-alumina supports along with a small amount of lanthanum oxide can efficiently turn the carbon monoxide in automotive exhaust into carbon dioxide at temperatures as low as 40 ?Celsius, Most of the pollutants from a modern automobile are emitted during the first 30 seconds of starting a car, when the catalyst is still being warmed.
Air pollution, and fine dust in particular, is calculated to contribute to more than four million deaths each year. While the mechanisms by which air pollutants cause cardiovascular events is undergoing continual refinement, the preponderant evidence support rapid effects of a diversity of pollutants including all particulate pollutants (e.g.
These results were achieved with a conventional, underfloor-only, single Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) injection aftertreatment system, which makes the whole powertrain system less complex and less expensive, and reduces the risk of non-compliance with emissions regulations. Earlier post.).
Created to address California’s pollution challenges, this technology could be a solution for communities around the globe dealing with the effects of NO x. The State of California plans to enact tighter emissions standards in 2024 and will require that heavy-duty engines produce less pollutants.
Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough.
A new study suggests that significant early childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is associated with structural changes in the brain at the age of 12. 2020) “Reduced gray matter volume and cortical thickness associated with traffic-related air pollution in a longitudinally studied pediatric cohort.” 0228092.
Exhaust from on-road diesel vehicles was responsible for nearly half of the impacts (~181,000 premature deaths) worldwide, and fully two-thirds in India, France, Germany, and Italy. The distribution of health impacts and air pollution from transportation is influenced by policy, demographic, economic, and technological changes.
Among pollutants that are less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5 ), airborne sulfate is one of the most common components of hazy air pollution formed atmospherically via the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). Dense, hazy fog episodes characterized by relatively high humidity, low visibility and extremely high PM 2.5
The cleaner engine is able to deliver ultra-low NO x by managing exhaust gas temperatures to ensure rapid catalyst light-off and by maintaining aftertreatment temperatures at optimum operating conditions in all driving conditions.
The proposed regulation is intended to ensure reductions in smog-forming NO x and protect communities most impacted by air pollution. The California Air Resources Board will consider the proposed Heavy-Duty Low NO x Omnibus Regulation on 27 August 2020. On-road heavy-duty vehicles are an essential part of the state’s economy.
According to Agah, a renowned researcher in chip-scale gas chromatography and Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation Faculty Fellow, the development of effective strategies for reducing occupational exposure to pollutants requires accurate, time-resolved measurement of exposure.
To improve fuel efficiency, advanced combustion engines are being designed to minimize the amount of waste heat in the exhaust. As a result, future generations of exhaust after-treatment catalysts must perform at temperatures that are 100 °C lower than current catalysts. —Nie et al.
Solid CFDNPs in air pollution are characterized by the abundant presence of strongly magnetic, iron-rich particles which condense and/or oxidize upon airborne release, often retaining a rounded or spherical shape as they cool. annual air quality standard of 12 ? —Calderón-Garcidueñas et al. Cross, Imad A.M. Ahmed, Vassil V.
In an open access paper in the Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics , researchers at the University of Surrey (UK) have investigated the effect of group riding on cyclists’ exposure to vehicle pollutants. —Schmeer et al. With more wind, riding towards the back of the group can be a good strategy to minimize exposure.
A new briefing paper from Imperial College London estimates that in 2021, 52% of all small particle pollution from road transport came from tires and brakes. Tire wear particles pollute the environment, the air we breathe, the water run-off from roads and has compounding effects on waterways and agriculture.
A new study by researchers from Washington State University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has found that a catalyst using a single or just a few palladium atoms removed 90% of unburned methane from natural gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. The work is published in the journal Nature Catalysis.
Long-term residential exposure to locally emitted black carbon (BC) from traffic exhaust increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and other universities in Sweden. g/m 3 ) of black carbon from traffic exhaust, the risk of stroke increased by 4%.
An electrically driven compressor for precise exhaust gas recirculation is also used. Then we modify the timing and pressure of the injection, among other things, and look at exhaust emission values and fuel consumption. This is done via exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). —Patrik Soltic. The first results are very promising.
In 2020, independent global emissions testing company Emissions Analytics reported that pollution from tire wear can be 1,000 times worse than what comes out of a car’s exhaust. Earlier post.) NEEs are currently believed to constitute the majority of primary particulate matter from road transport, according to Emissions Analytics.
Key goals are to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and toxic air pollutants such as NO x , cut fuel consumption and minimize the engine footprint through an integrated design optimized for both newbuilds and retrofits. It is possible to recirculate exhaust gas up to a maximum rate of 50% mass flow. development. The X82DF-2.0
In a state-by-state analysis, the researchers found that California suffers the worst health impacts from air pollution, with about 21,000 early deaths annually, mostly attributed to road transportation and to commercial and residential emissions from heating and cooking. 2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study.
The combination of technologies provides simultaneous FTIR and mass spectrometry data, allowing accurate and rapid identification of exhaust stream components. The mass spectrometer can detect a broader range of exhaust components, allowing a more complete picture of aftertreatment system performance.
Overall, this study provides valuable insights on the impacts of ethanol content and gasoline composition on the exhaust emissions from a current technology GDI FFV. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. —Yang et al. Jiacheng Yang, Patrick Roth, Thomas D. Durbin, Kent C. Johnson, Akua Asa-Awuku, David R.
Babies in strollers can be exposed to up to ~60% higher average concentrations of pollution than their parents, causing potential damage to their frontal lobe and impacting on their cognitive abilities and brain development, according to a study by researchers at the University of Surrey (UK).
Ricardo, in collaboration with the Arup AECOM consortium, is supporting the UK Department for Transport (DfT) in developing a system for measuring non-exhaust emissions (NEE) of particles, under real-world driving conditions. —“ Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport : An Ignored Environmental Policy Challenge ”.
The European Commission presented its proposal for Euro 7 standards to reduce air pollution from new motor vehicles sold in the EU. However, in 2050, more than 20% of cars and vans and more than half of the heavier vehicles are expected to continue to emit pollutants from the tailpipe.
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