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Pollution from tire wear can be 1,000 times worse than a car’s exhaust emissions, Emissions Analytics has found. Vehicle tire wear pollution is completely unregulated, unlike exhaust emissions which have been rapidly reduced by car makers due to the pressure placed on them by European emissions standards. Earlier post.).
In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions ( earlier post ). As a result, distance-specific mass and number emissions can be derived, which can then be compared to equivalent tire metrics.
A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al.
Metal particles from the abrasion of brake pads (brake abrasion dust, BAD) may cause inflammation and reduce the ability of immune cells to kill bacteria, similarly to particles derived from diesel exhaust particles (DEP), according to a new study led by researchers at King’s College London. traffic pollution.
New research by George Mason University found that exposure to certain air pollutants is linked to increased emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We estimated associations between twelve ambient air pollutants of both primary (e.g. The study is published in the journal Environment International.
A new report released by the Air Quality Expert Group ( AQEG ) in the UK recommends as an immediate priority that non-exhaust emissions (NEE) are recognized as a source of ambient concentrations of airborne PM, even for vehicles with zero exhaust emissions of particles. —“Non-Exhaust Emissions from Road Traffic”.
Catalytic converters have been used in the US since the 1970s as a way to clean up pollutants from vehicle exhaust. In the catalytic process, rare metals such as platinum, are used in a chemical reaction to convert carbon monoxide and other pollutants to non-toxic carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water. —Yong Wang.
About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.
A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. A filter captures harmful pollutants.
The California Air Resources Board approved a new regulation designed to reduce pollution further from ocean-going vessels while docked at California’s busiest ports. The rule builds on progress achieved by the At-Berth Regulation adopted in 2007.
New York City Clean Air Taxi rules are successful in cutting emissions and reducing air pollution, [link] to a new study by researchers at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Drexel University. exhaust emissions declined by 82% and 49%, respectively.
Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. Procedures are even more common in winter, the most polluted time of year. additional PCIs per week.
Hybrid Electric Turbocharger for Exhaust Energy Recovery and Transient Lag Reduction. NexTech Materials of Lewis Center, Ohio, has developed a new diesel engine exhaust NO x sensing technology that is able to rapidly and selectively measure nitrogen oxides in diesel engine exhaust streams. Lead organization. Description.
A team at the University of Stirling in the UK has found new evidence of the link between air pollution and cancer as part of a new occupational health study. This new research indicates the role of traffic-related air pollution in contributing to the increasing incidence of breast cancer in the general population.
The capability to heat up the catalytic converter rapidly at all times increases the overall efficiency of exhaust-gas aftertreatment. The EMICAT e-catalyst developed by Vitesco Technologies ensures effective exhaust gas aftertreatment, even when the exhaust gas is actually too cold for this purpose.
-alumina supports along with a small amount of lanthanum oxide can efficiently turn the carbon monoxide in automotive exhaust into carbon dioxide at temperatures as low as 40 ?Celsius, Most of the pollutants from a modern automobile are emitted during the first 30 seconds of starting a car, when the catalyst is still being warmed.
These results were achieved with a conventional, underfloor-only, single Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) injection aftertreatment system, which makes the whole powertrain system less complex and less expensive, and reduces the risk of non-compliance with emissions regulations. Earlier post.).
Created to address California’s pollution challenges, this technology could be a solution for communities around the globe dealing with the effects of NO x. The State of California plans to enact tighter emissions standards in 2024 and will require that heavy-duty engines produce less pollutants.
Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough.
A new study suggests that significant early childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is associated with structural changes in the brain at the age of 12. 2020) “Reduced gray matter volume and cortical thickness associated with traffic-related air pollution in a longitudinally studied pediatric cohort.” 0228092.
Air pollution from diesel engines may worsen allergy-induced lung impairment more when tiny particles are filtered from the exhaust than when they are not, according to new research published online in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
Among pollutants that are less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5 ), airborne sulfate is one of the most common components of hazy air pollution formed atmospherically via the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). Dense, hazy fog episodes characterized by relatively high humidity, low visibility and extremely high PM 2.5
The cleaner engine is able to deliver ultra-low NO x by managing exhaust gas temperatures to ensure rapid catalyst light-off and by maintaining aftertreatment temperatures at optimum operating conditions in all driving conditions.
The proposed regulation is intended to ensure reductions in smog-forming NO x and protect communities most impacted by air pollution. The California Air Resources Board will consider the proposed Heavy-Duty Low NO x Omnibus Regulation on 27 August 2020. On-road heavy-duty vehicles are an essential part of the state’s economy.
According to Agah, a renowned researcher in chip-scale gas chromatography and Office of the Vice President for Research and Innovation Faculty Fellow, the development of effective strategies for reducing occupational exposure to pollutants requires accurate, time-resolved measurement of exposure.
Researchers found that air pollution levels right beside a major trucking route within a city were close to levels seen beside Highway 401, despite the road carrying less than one-tenth of the vehicle traffic. Research consistently links traffic emissions to negative effects on both the environment and human health. Jonathan M. 8b01914.
To improve fuel efficiency, advanced combustion engines are being designed to minimize the amount of waste heat in the exhaust. As a result, future generations of exhaust after-treatment catalysts must perform at temperatures that are 100 °C lower than current catalysts. —Nie et al.
Solid CFDNPs in air pollution are characterized by the abundant presence of strongly magnetic, iron-rich particles which condense and/or oxidize upon airborne release, often retaining a rounded or spherical shape as they cool. annual air quality standard of 12 ? —Calderón-Garcidueñas et al. Cross, Imad A.M. Ahmed, Vassil V.
In an open access paper in the Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics , researchers at the University of Surrey (UK) have investigated the effect of group riding on cyclists’ exposure to vehicle pollutants. —Schmeer et al. With more wind, riding towards the back of the group can be a good strategy to minimize exposure.
A new briefing paper from Imperial College London estimates that in 2021, 52% of all small particle pollution from road transport came from tires and brakes. Tire wear particles pollute the environment, the air we breathe, the water run-off from roads and has compounding effects on waterways and agriculture.
Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles. 10 ) of urban air, a fraction known to be enriched with non-tailpipe constituents.
A new study by researchers from Washington State University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has found that a catalyst using a single or just a few palladium atoms removed 90% of unburned methane from natural gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. The work is published in the journal Nature Catalysis.
Long-term residential exposure to locally emitted black carbon (BC) from traffic exhaust increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and other universities in Sweden. g/m 3 ) of black carbon from traffic exhaust, the risk of stroke increased by 4%.
An electrically driven compressor for precise exhaust gas recirculation is also used. Then we modify the timing and pressure of the injection, among other things, and look at exhaust emission values and fuel consumption. This is done via exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). —Patrik Soltic. The first results are very promising.
In 2020, independent global emissions testing company Emissions Analytics reported that pollution from tire wear can be 1,000 times worse than what comes out of a car’s exhaust. Earlier post.) NEEs are currently believed to constitute the majority of primary particulate matter from road transport, according to Emissions Analytics.
Key goals are to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and toxic air pollutants such as NO x , cut fuel consumption and minimize the engine footprint through an integrated design optimized for both newbuilds and retrofits. It is possible to recirculate exhaust gas up to a maximum rate of 50% mass flow. development. The X82DF-2.0
The combination of technologies provides simultaneous FTIR and mass spectrometry data, allowing accurate and rapid identification of exhaust stream components. The mass spectrometer can detect a broader range of exhaust components, allowing a more complete picture of aftertreatment system performance.
Babies in strollers can be exposed to up to ~60% higher average concentrations of pollution than their parents, causing potential damage to their frontal lobe and impacting on their cognitive abilities and brain development, according to a study by researchers at the University of Surrey (UK).
Overall, this study provides valuable insights on the impacts of ethanol content and gasoline composition on the exhaust emissions from a current technology GDI FFV. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. —Yang et al. Jiacheng Yang, Patrick Roth, Thomas D. Durbin, Kent C. Johnson, Akua Asa-Awuku, David R.
Ricardo, in collaboration with the Arup AECOM consortium, is supporting the UK Department for Transport (DfT) in developing a system for measuring non-exhaust emissions (NEE) of particles, under real-world driving conditions. —“ Non-exhaust Particulate Emissions from Road Transport : An Ignored Environmental Policy Challenge ”.
The European Commission presented its proposal for Euro 7 standards to reduce air pollution from new motor vehicles sold in the EU. However, in 2050, more than 20% of cars and vans and more than half of the heavier vehicles are expected to continue to emit pollutants from the tailpipe.
million project to find new catalytic materials that work at lower exhaust temperatures, allowing automakers to build vehicles that operate more efficiently while retaining the ability to clean emissions before they leave the tailpipe. Catalytic converters clean vehicle exhaust into nitrogen, water and carbon dioxide.
These engines produce a high number of fine particulates that pollute the air. For gasoline vehicles, direct injection (GDI) engines are growing in popularity as drivers demand more fuel efficiency and engine power.
the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al.
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