Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2013

Results of a study led by a team from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory on the impact of butanol-gasoline blends on light-duty vehicle emissions suggest that widespread deployment of n-butanol or i-butanol in the gasoline pool could result in changes to the estimated emissions of alcohols and carbonyls in the emissions inventory.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Alcohol Blend Light Emissions 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2014

A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al. Platt et al. Click to enlarge.

Pollution 362

Pollution Exhaust Emissions Light 362

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

Although gasoline direct injection engines (GDI) are a favorable technology for reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, recent studies have shown that GDI vehicles could emit more PM than traditional PFI (gasoline port fuel injection) vehicles as well as heavy-duty diesel trucks equipped with diesel particulate filters.

Environment 230

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Emissions 230

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge.

Diesel 281

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline 281

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF).

Gasoline 253

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2012

A new study by researchers from Stockholm University concludes that automobile tires may be a potential previously unknown source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes—a type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)—to the environment. Non-exhaust traffic sources of particles. —Sadiktsis et al.

Environment 353

Environment Automobile Exhaust Oil 353

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

A study by a team from UC Riverside has assessed the potential of increasing ethanol content in California reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) by investigating the exhaust emissions from a fleet of 20 Tier 3 light-duty vehicles.

California 305

California Emissions Montana Gasoline 305

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2012

A study by a team led by Dr. Dennis Assanis at the University of Michigan suggests that accessing the “thermodynamic sweet spot” in high-efficiency, dilute, boosted gasoline engines has the potential for vehicle fuel economy gains between 23% and 58%. Their paper is published in the International Journal of Engine Research.

Fuel Economy 236

Fuel Economy Gasoline Economy Engine 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2017

A new study by an international team led by researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) in Switzerland has found that modern diesel passenger cars equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) emit fewer carbonaceous particulates than gasoline-powered vehicles. a) Aerosol emission factors (g kg −1 fuel) measured in the study.

Gasoline 218

Gasoline Diesel Cars Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2021

Researchers from Tampere University and the University of Eastern Finland have found that the particulate emissions of auxiliary heaters can be up to a thousand times higher than the particulate emissions of idling gasoline vehicles. Their open-access study is published in the journal Atmosphere. Karjalainen et al.

Gasoline 221

Gasoline Engine Finland Exhaust 221

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

ExxonMobil, Corning and Toyota have collaborated to develop an Onboard Separation System (OBS) to optimize gasoline engine efficiency and performance. The novel polymer-ceramic composite monolith membrane has been demonstrated to be stable to E10 gasoline, and typically provides 20% yield of ?100 —Partridge et al. The OBS system.

Gasoline 316

Gasoline Engine Toyota Fuel Economy 316

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2013

A team from Brunel University, MAHLE Powertrain and University College London studied the combined effects of different inlet valve operating strategies on combustion, performance and emissions with different ethanol and 1-butanol blends with gasoline in a single-cylinder spark-ignition research engine equipped with a fully variable valvetrain.

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Exhaust Downsizing Engine 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

GDCI engine was significantly better than advanced production spark injection gasoline engines, and comparable to very efficient hybrid vehicle engines at their best efficiency conditions (214 g/kWh). This early work established that gasoline-like fuels with high resistance to autoignition are preferred for PPCI. Combustion stability.

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin 304

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The study was published online 24 May in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Among the findings of the study: CO 2. Credit: ACS, Huo et al. Click to enlarge.

Coal 291

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Pollution 291

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2011

The study found that some of the CO 2 savings made during the use of low carbon vehicles is offset by increased emissions created during their production, and to a lesser extent, disposal. This work dispels the myth that low carbon vehicles simply displace emissions from the exhaust to other sources. Standard gasoline vehicle.

Carbon 399

Carbon Hybrid Production Gasoline-Electric 399

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2014

(Left) Thermal efficiency and ( right ) soot from different gasoline-butanol blends at different EGR rates. A study by a team at Tianjin University found that the addition of n-butanol to gasoline for use in a compression ignition engine (CI) under Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) conditions has a significant effect on soot reduction.

Gasoline 210

Gasoline Engine Exhaust Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2009

At the tailpipe, the TWC ultimately reduced the regulated and unregulated emissions from the methanol-gasoline engine to the same levels as those generated by a conventional gasoline engine. A paper on their study was published online 3 December in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. —Fan et al.

Gasoline 218

Gasoline Emissions Alternative Fuels Engine 218

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2014

Audi has built two technology studies with the “electric biturbo” technology it is developing ( earlier post ): the Audi A6 TDI concept is equipped with a new 3.0 Audi has built two technology studies with the “electric biturbo” technology it is developing ( earlier post ): the Audi A6 TDI concept is equipped with a new 3.0

Audi 338

Audi Volt Exhaust Production 338

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2012

Fuel injection timing is the dominant factor affecting particle number (PN) emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, with the major factor causing high PN emissions being fuel liquid impingement on the piston bowl, according to a new study by a team from the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL).

Engine 210

Engine Gasoline Emissions Exhaust 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2013

During its recent Innovation Day presentations ( earlier post ), PSA Peugeot Citroën announced that it will commercialize high-efficiency gasoline engines featuring dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR), derived from a collaborative program with SwRI in the US. Click to enlarge. PSA has filed for two patents on its work.

Gasoline 268

Gasoline 2018 Engine Commercial 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2013

At SAE World Congress next week in Detroit, Delphi Automotive will present two technical papers describing its ongoing progress with the Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression-Ignition (GDCI) engine concept. Previous studies of GDCI have shown good potential for very high efficiency, low NO x , and low PM over the full speed-load range.

Gasoline 312

Gasoline Engine Concept Fuel Economy 312

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2012

Global-mean temperature change caused by car exhaust emitted from gasoline and diesel engines specified in the previous and upcoming European vehicle emission standards (EURO 3, 4, 5, and 6). However, previous studies have shown more prolonged warming due to diesel cars under various conditions. Credit: ACS, Tanaka et al.

Climate 223

Climate Gasoline Diesel Engine 223

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2013

Researchers at Environment Canada have found that vehicle exhaust is a significant source of isocyanic acid (HNCO), a toxic gaseous acid that is a product of various forms of combustion and a potential health concern. Automobile exhaust is also a known source of inorganic acids such as nitric (HNO 3 ) and nitrous (HONO) acids.

Exhaust 207

Exhaust Canada Environment Emissions 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Internal combustion engines have been significantly improving in the past decade, after the adoption of technologies such as Gasoline Direct Injection, mild electrification, downsizing and turbocharging. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine. —Skarke et al. Operating points correspond to typical driving conditions.

Waste 312

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2012

Their SOFC system can be operated without consuming the anode fuel (a reductant) at temperatures near that of the engine exhaust to eliminate the need for reductant refilling and extra heating. The NO x concentration in the exhaust of an automotive gasoline engine with spark ignition can be as high as 4000 ppm.

Exhaust 225

Exhaust Engine Emissions Gas-Electric 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2014

This study updates and refines an earlier analysis completed in 2007. The new study uses a different methodology with different mathematical approaches. Cycle deviations of CO 2 emissions averaged over all gasoline and diesel technologies resulting from basic single regression approach with zero intercept. Earlier post.)

Conversion 290

Conversion Emissions CO2 Global 290

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2018

Under this same operating condition with stoichiometric engine exhaust (and no reforming), they could only sustain stable combustion with EGR under 25%. D-EGR uses fuel-rich combustion in one cylinder and recirculates its exhaust to the intake system, generating brake thermal efficiency as high as 42.5% —Jim Szybist, ORNL.

Engine 274

Engine Gasoline Fuel Exhaust 274

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Diesel engines are attractive because of their higher fuel efficiency than gasoline engines. Graham, Burtron H. Science 337 (6096), 832-835. 1225091.

Exhaust 240

Exhaust Diesel Dallas Conversion 240

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

A team at Ford Motor Company’s Research and Innovation Center in Dearborn conducted a detailed study of the effect of ethanol blend level in emissions, using a 2006 model Mercury Grand Marquis flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) operating on E0, E10, E20, E30, E40, E55, and E80 on a chassis dynamometer. Engine-out exhaust contains typically 1?3%

Emissions 294

Emissions Ford Exhaust Fuel 294

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2017

IAV has developed a particularly closed-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment (EAT) system. A key contribution to this performance must come from the exhaust gas aftertreatment system—across the entire speed and load range. This way, exhaust gas flows through DOC and SCRF before it enters the turbine.

Exhaust 210

Exhaust Diesel Gas Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

Broadly, the study by Stephanie Searle, Francisco Posada Sanchez, Chris Malins, and John German concludes that (a) technical barriers do not prevent the use of higher blends of ethanol, and (b) slow uptake of blends such as E15 and E85 is due to other factors, including high cost, legal and warranty issues, and consumer awareness and acceptance.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2010

compacts under 1,400 kg in weight—a stoichiometric 3-cylinder turbocharged gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine offers an optimal combination of cost, lower emissions and reductions in fuel consumption, according to an analysis by Delphi Powertrain presented at the recent SAE 2010 World Congress. Earlier post.). Source: Kirwan et al.

Gasoline 231

Gasoline Downsizing Engine CO2 231

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

A study by a team from North Carolina State University, with colleagues from the Urban Air Initiative and 3DATX Corporation, has shown that non-FFVs (flexible-fuel vehicles) can adapt to a mid-level ethanol blend—specifically E27. The study was commissioned by the Urban Air Initiative. — lead researcher Dr. Chis Frey.

Vehicles 284

Vehicles Emissions Gasoline Fuel 284

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2013

The study found that the highest-emitting 10% of gasoline vehicles are now responsible for the overwhelming majority of running CO, NMHC, and NO x. Their study is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The main goal of this study is to evaluate long-term trends (1990?2010) Click to enlarge.

Emissions 247

Emissions Los Angeles Motor Motoring 247

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2010

Professor Stan Golunski, Deputy Director of the newly established Cardiff Catalysis Institute , in collaboration with engineers at Brunel and Birmingham Universities, is investigating the feasibility of an on-board exhaust gas reforming system to improve combustion and recover waste heat. —Tsolakis and Golunski. Energy Environ.

Exhaust 186

Exhaust Waste Gas 2006 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

A new study by a team from the University of Edinburgh and independent engineering company INNAS BV has found that, when factoring in the additional weight and non-exhaust PM factors, total PM 10 emissions from electric vehicles (EVs) are equal to those of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Click to enlarge.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Gasoline-Electric 2016 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2010

A study by a team at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (Brazil) found that higher compression ratios in a spark-ignition engine improved performance of both an E22 blend (78% gasoline, 22% ethanol) as well as neat hydrous ethanol. Sodré (2010) Compression ratio effects on an ethanol/gasoline fuelled engine performance.

Exhaust 199

Exhaust Gasoline Water 2009 199