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In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions ( earlier post ). As testament to the filtration efficiency of the latest gasoline particulate filters (GPFs), tailpipe mass emissions are now as low as 0.02
Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.
Results of a study led by a team from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory on the impact of butanol-gasoline blends on light-duty vehicle emissions suggest that widespread deployment of n-butanol or i-butanol in the gasoline pool could result in changes to the estimated emissions of alcohols and carbonyls in the emissions inventory.
Corning Incorporated has boosted its light-duty vehicle filter capacity at its manufacturing facility in Kaiserslautern, Germany for both gasoline and diesel engined vehicles. For gasoline vehicles, direct injection (GDI) engines are growing in popularity as drivers demand more fuel efficiency and engine power.
GDCI engine was significantly better than advanced production spark injection gasoline engines, and comparable to very efficient hybrid vehicle engines at their best efficiency conditions (214 g/kWh). This early work established that gasoline-like fuels with high resistance to autoignition are preferred for PPCI. Combustion stability.
Cost of the new engine relative to gasoline baseline. The approach that Cummins and partners have taken features: Replacing the aluminium V8 gasoline engine and emission control system with smaller diesel (2.8-liter) Exhaust system configuration. Earlier post.). l/100 km) for a vehicle of that size. Source: Cummins.
Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.
By using light-activated quantum dots to fire particular enzymes within microbial cells, the researchers were able to create “living factories” that eat CO 2 and convert it into products such as biodegradable plastic, gasoline, ammonia and biodiesel. Therefore, these resting cells function as nano-microbial factories powered by light.
However, while Mazda plans to offer hybrid vehicles in the medium-term, its engineers are pushing hard to increase the efficiencies of both the gasoline and diesel platforms, moving toward what they call “the ideal Internal Combustion Engine.” Energy balance in an internal combustion engine. air-to-fuel ratio. combustion duration.
During its recent Innovation Day presentations ( earlier post ), PSA Peugeot Citroën announced that it will commercialize high-efficiency gasoline engines featuring dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR), derived from a collaborative program with SwRI in the US. Click to enlarge. PSA has filed for two patents on its work.
By harnessing its low carbon content, bio component and high octane number (RON 100), the new alternative fuel emits up to 3% less in CO 2 exhaust emissions quantified using the new Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedures (WLTP).
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) announced preliminary test results of its Dedicated-Exhaust Gas Recirculation (D-EGR) demonstration vehicle ( earlier post ) at the SAE 2014 World Congress in Detroit. liter gasoline direct injection engine. With D-EGR, one or more cylinders have their exhaust connected directly to the intake system.
Reducing the number of exhaust gas particulates, including those smaller than 23 nm, will help manufacturers meet increasingly stringent future global emissions standards. Reducing engine-out emissions cuts tailpipe emissions in the crucial period before catalyst light-off and reduces the need for costly aftertreatment systems.
IAV has developed a particularly closed-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment (EAT) system. A key contribution to this performance must come from the exhaust gas aftertreatment system—across the entire speed and load range. This way, exhaust gas flows through DOC and SCRF before it enters the turbine.
The 85 kW / 115 PS gasoline-fired engine is the first of its kind to be combined with a four-way catalytic converter and installed in the up! It also comes with a gasoline particulate filter. With a pressure of 350 bar (high for a gasoline engine), the fuel mixture is injected directly into the combustion chambers.
The results represent a light-load indicated efficiency improvement of 15-30% (up to 40.9%). The test engine for the paper was a 250cc single-cylinder unit with dual-camshaft-actuated reciprocating sleeve valves for induction and exhaust. Compression ratio was set at 15:1, and the fuel used was 87 octane gasoline.
A new study by Dr. Gautam Kalghatgi and his colleagues at Saudi Aramco provides further support a pathway for significant improvements in the efficiency of a gasoline engine (i.e., Broadly, this approach is termed Gasoline Compression Ignition (GCI). spark ignited, SI) by running it in compression ignition mode with naphtha fuels.
A team led by researchers from the National Research Council Canada has investigated the effect of the use of a gasoline particulate filter on the size and morphology of PM emitted from a light-duty gasoline-direct-injection (GDI) vehicle over the FTP-75 and US06 transient drive cycles. Earlier post.) —Saffaripour et al.
As of July 2018, all BMW gasoline and plug-in hybrid models available in Germany will be fitted as standard with a gasoline particulate filter (GPF) and thus will comply with the exhaust standard Euro 6d-TEMP. In addition, another 39 diesel models will be going on the market with Euro 6d-TEMP rating.
Its turbocharger with variable turbine geometry makes optimal use of the exhaust gas energy for early and harmonious torque development. This is supplemented by the additional range offered by the reserve gasoline tank with a net usable volume of 9 liters (2.4 The A3 Sportback 30 g-tron 1.5 lb-ft) of torque between 1,400 and 4,000 rpm.
Peugeot’s new 2008 B-Segment urban crossover, introduced at the Geneva Motor Show, leverages its light-weight design, aerodynamic silhouette and a wide range of gasoline and diesel engines equipped with Stop&Start—including a new generation of 3-cylinder gasoline engines—to offer fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions as low as 3.8
HEDGE-III will investigate solutions to the primary barriers to high efficiency in gasoline engines. Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has launched its third cooperative research program aimed at developing a high-efficiency gasoline engine for the light-duty automotive and medium-duty engine markets. Source: SwRI.
Engineers at Transonic Combustion, a start-up developing a fuel efficient supercritical (SC) fuel injection and combustion system—Transonic Combustion, or TSCi ( earlier post )—have demonstrated the TSCi process using gasoline fuel at low load without EGR, medium load with EGR, and high speed low load with EGR.
a new 5-liter V8 diesel engine designed to power pickup-and-delivery vehicles, other light- and medium-duty trucks, school buses and motorhomes. Many of our customers have asked for a Cummins alternative for gasoline or other small displacement automotive diesel engines. The new ISV 5.0 Click to enlarge. Cummins Inc. Like the new 5.0L
Researchers at Environment Canada have found that vehicle exhaust is a significant source of isocyanic acid (HNCO), a toxic gaseous acid that is a product of various forms of combustion and a potential health concern. Automobile exhaust is also a known source of inorganic acids such as nitric (HNO 3 ) and nitrous (HONO) acids.
The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.
The powertrain range for the Estate, which includes diesel, gasoline and hybrid options, features a new 1.6-liter The new Estate’s gasoline and diesel engines with ECO start/stop function comply with the Euro 6 emissions standards. An overhead camshaft actuates two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. l/100 km (54.7
Tata Motors launched its REVOTRON Series of next-generation gasoline engines for the passenger vehicle market in India. The engine has been manufactured to be light on weight and low on friction, delivering high performance and fuel economy. The first engine in the new series, which will include 3- and 4-cylinder models, is the 1.2-liter
. … Chemical analysis of the emissions shows that SOA is mainly produced via photo-oxidation of aromatic VOCs, present in gasoline, from the exhaust. Finally, we present the first online measurements of aged exhaust showing that SOA formation also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with potentially detrimental effects on our lungs.
Based on a three-year study of toxic and environmentally relevant pollutants from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, Swiss researchers have concluded that some GDI engines emit just as many soot particles as unfiltered diesel cars did in the past. Further, the GDI particles carry numerous carcinogenic substances. —Norbert Heeb.
liter diesel, prominently showing the closely attached exhaust aftertreatment system. The Group was responsible for 79% of all light-duty passenger diesel sales in the US in 2013; worldwide, every fourth car sold by the Group is a diesel, said Dr. The new 2.0L The EA288 2.0-liter Click to enlarge. The Volkswagen Group’s new 2.0-liter
The final Regulations Amending the Passenger Automobile and Light Truck Greenhouse Gas Emission Regulations for model year 2017 and beyond will be published in the Canada Gazette, Part II, on 8 October. Once fully phased-in, the Tier 3 exhaust emission standards would be as much as 80% lower than current Tier 2 emission standards.
As part of the new technology to achieve this vision, the company disclosed plans to introduce a next-generation gasoline engine called SKYACTIV-X in 2019. This new proprietary combustion engine combines the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines to optimize environmental performance, power and acceleration performance. Yamasaki, Y.,
Both the E-Class sedan and wagon offer a range of gasoline and diesel engines, all coming with the ECO start/stop system as standard equipment. The gasoline engines offered in the MY14 E-Class in the US are the V6 and V8 units in the E350 and E550, which will go on sale in Spring 2013. Earlier post.). city/highway).
Naphtha refers to the light fraction produced by distillation that is roughly in the gasoline boiling range of ~30 °C to ~200 °C. Naphtha refers to the light fraction produced by distillation that is roughly in the gasoline boiling range of ~30 °C to ~200 °C. Heavy naphta is often upgraded further.
Tenneco is leveraging its expertise in diesel particulate filter (DPF) technology to develop gasoline particulate filters for 2017 model year light vehicles. Gasoline particulate filters effectively control particulate emissions under all operating conditions.
for XSE grade, which uses a dual-outlet exhaust). Most AWD grades have 202 hp, while the Camry XSE AWD grade has 205 hp with dual exhaust. A variable cooling system, variable oil pump and a cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system all contribute to the engine’s high thermal efficiency and outstanding fuel economy.
A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for Exhaust Emission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6
Toyota anticipates a 1/3 full hybrid, 1/3 gasoline, 1/3 diesel engine mix. The new Auris’ powertrain line-up, which now features a choice of an improved full hybrid or two gasoline and two diesel engines offering the performance- and economy-enhancing benefits of Toyota Optimal Drive. Valvematic gasoline engine. Powertrains.
A study by a team from UC Riverside has assessed the potential of increasing ethanol content in California reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) by investigating the exhaust emissions from a fleet of 20 Tier 3 light-duty vehicles.
GMZ Energy, a market leader in the development of high-temperature thermoelectric generation (TEG) solutions, has successfully demonstrated a 1,000W TEG designed for diesel engine exhaust heat recapture in a Bradley Fighting Vehicle. Earlier post.) This announcement follows GMZ’s June 2014 demonstration of its 200W diesel TEG.
A team from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) has characterized the intermediate volatility organic compound (IVOC) emissions from on-road gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) and small off-road gasoline engines (SOREs). All LDGVs were tested using commercial summertime California gasoline and the cold-start united cycle. Gordon et al.
mpg US) (99 g/km CO 2 )—more efficient than any previous Golf with a gasoline engine. The new TSI engine also offers the highest specific torque of any large-scale production series gasoline engines: 200 N·m per liter displacement. The turbocharged gasoline engine with its 10.5:1 The exhaust manifold of the 1.0
The results highlight the disparity between test-cycles and real-world emissions as well as the large disparity between gasoline and diesel vehicles. gNO x /km for gasoline; and 0.25 NO x aftertreatment included three-way catalyst (TWC) for the petrol car, and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for both diesel cars.
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