Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

Toyota Motor Corporation has developed a new series of fuel-efficient gasoline engines that achieve improved thermal efficiency. liter gasoline engine in which Toyota is employing the Atkinson cycle—normally used in dedicated hybrid engines—and a compression ratio of 13.5:1. Click to enlarge. Hashimoto, S.,

Gasoline 273

Gasoline Toyota Engine Fuel 273

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent.

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Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2017

Gasoline engines can operate lean to improve fuel economy, potentially reducing CO 2 emissions significantly. Further, advances in combustion development for gasoline have led to the potential for reduced engine-out NO x emissions for homogeneous lean operation compared to stratified lean operation. Resources. Koehler, R.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Insight Clean 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2014

Engineers at Toyota have developed an approach to applying the Atkinson cycle—used in the engines in Toyota hybrids since 1997—for engines in conventional, non-hybrid vehicles. The Atkinson cycle with a high compression ratio is a common approach that hybrid vehicle engines use to enhance thermal efficiency.

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Fuel Economy Economy Engine Toyota 278

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2019

University of Colorado Boulder researchers have developed nanobio-hybrid organisms capable of using airborne carbon dioxide and nitrogen to produce a variety of plastics and fuels, a promising first step toward low-cost carbon sequestration and eco-friendly manufacturing for chemicals. Ding et al. Yuchen Ding, John R. 9b02549.

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Light CO2 Fuel Power 334

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2013

At SAE World Congress in Detroit, Honda engineers presented several papers on the development of the new Accord plug-in hybrid, describing work on the new gasoline engine (which will also be featured in the coming full hybrid version of the Accord), and the development of the new two-motor system. gasoline engine.

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Honda Plug-in Plug Hybrid 296

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2019

It is very likely that highly efficient “fully flexible” engines with hybridized solutions will be a big part of sought-after efficiency improvements, as well as emission/GHG reductions. A transition from the gasoline or diesel ICE to a full gasoline/diesel hybrid can significantly reduce emissions. —Reitz et al.

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International Engine Exhaust Emissions 312

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2010

Professor Stan Golunski, Deputy Director of the newly established Cardiff Catalysis Institute , in collaboration with engineers at Brunel and Birmingham Universities, is investigating the feasibility of an on-board exhaust gas reforming system to improve combustion and recover waste heat. Resources. Energy Environ.

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Exhaust Waste Gas 2006 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2017

Series-production plug-in hybrid electric vehicles equipped with diesel engines are already available in the market or planned for the future (e.g., Volvo V60, Audi Q7 e-tron quattro, Peugeot 508 RXH Hybrid4, Range Rover SDV6 Hybrid Diesel). A variation of the approach could be used for gasoline PHEVs.) Resources.

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Plug-in Plug Fuel Hybrid 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2014

The California Air Resources Board is proposing changes to its LEV III regulations ( earlier post ) that include the adoption of a number of elements of the Federal Tier 3 regulations ( earlier post ). Additionally, ARB is proposing revisions to hybrid electric vehicle test procedures.

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California Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Exhaust 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The study examined the fuel-cycle CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs in China in both current (2008) and future (2030) periods and compared them with those of conventional gasoline vehicles and gasoline hybrids.

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Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Pollution 291

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2017

liter engine that is certified by the California Air Resources Board and the US Environmental Protection Agency to meet or exceed optional and more stringent near zero standards. When diesel buses were standard throughout the industry, LBT was an early adopter of particulate traps to prevent harmful matter from escaping from the exhaust.

Long Beach 150

Long Beach Grant Engine Escape 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2016

In Japan, Toyota Motor Corporation unveiled new advanced engines and transmissions and further evolved hybrid systems based on the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA). Powertrain evolution targeted by TNGA, based on improving and maximizing the efficiency of powertrain systems (engines, transmissions and hybrid systems).

Toyota 150

Toyota 2017 Engine Hybrid 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2012

Global-mean temperature change caused by car exhaust emitted from gasoline and diesel engines specified in the previous and upcoming European vehicle emission standards (EURO 3, 4, 5, and 6). no shift to hybrids, plug-in hybrids, battery-electric vehicles or fuel cell vehicles. Credit: ACS, Tanaka et al. in EURO 4; 15.4%

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Climate Gasoline Diesel Engine 223

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2009

Gasoline and hydrogen rails and injectors installed on the intake manifolds. Changwei Ji and Shuofeng Wang modified a 4-cylinder (SI) engine to permit hydrogen and gasoline to be injected into the intake ports simultaneously to realize a hybrid hydrogen-gasoline engine (HHGE). Credit: ACS. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Hydrogen Emissions Engine 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2012

The new transaxle in the Prius c features a new cooling system; overall this new hybrid unit with its 2 motor system is now approaching the same weight as single motor competitive systems and is maintaining a competitive size profile, according to Toyota. The hybrid system in the Prius c comprises a SULEV (Tier 2 Bin 3)-rated 1.5-liter

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Prius Hybrid Motor Motors 356

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2010

liter ELC-Hybrid to downsized 1.4L VTES + SpeedStart. CPT and AVL’s most recent work assesses the potential of a VTES equipped downsized ELC-Hybrid vehicle in combination with the CPT SpeedStart Integrated Starter Generator ( earlier post ) and the UltraBattery. Click to enlarge. common rail TDI engine.

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VRLA Hybrid Downsizing Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2010

The SuperTurbo’s supercharger function enhances the transient response of a downsized and turbocharged engine, and the turbo-compounding function offers the opportunity to extract the available exhaust energy from the turbine rather than opening a waste gate. Tags: Engines Hybrids Vehicle Systems Waste Heat Recovery.

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Waste Engine Downsizing Hybrid 218

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2016

The H-motor—essentially two separate engines housed within the same engine block—can be powered by either gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG), at the driver’s decision. Our Eco-Motive H-Motor is a revolutionary twin vertical, hybrid internal combustion dual fuel engine that can run on CNG or gasoline.

Engine 150

Engine Motor Motors Motoring 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2010

Since the end of 2006, Opel, Robert Bosch, IVK and FKFS have been working on a natural gas hybrid vehicle in a project supported by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and technology. The primary goal is developing a prototype of a CNG-fueled parallel hybrid based on an Opel Astra Caravan with less than 90 g CO 2 /km emissions.

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Engine Hybrid Fuel Exhaust 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2016

Exceeding its initial program targets, the plug-in 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid ( earlier post ) has earned an electric-mode fuel economy rating of 84 miles-per-gallon-equivalent (MPGe) from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The 2017 Chrysler Pacifica Hybrid also excelled on two other fronts.

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Minivan Chrysler EPA 2017 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Internal combustion engines have been significantly improving in the past decade, after the adoption of technologies such as Gasoline Direct Injection, mild electrification, downsizing and turbocharging. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine. —Skarke et al. Operating points correspond to typical driving conditions.

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Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Cars That Think

MARCH 29, 2022

liter V-8 generates 780 metric horsepower; another 220 hp comes from the plug-in hybrid’s electric motors. Ferrari As Ferrari’s first plug-in hybrid, the SF90 integrates a trio of electric motors. seconds, breaking a seven-year-old record for production cars that had been set by the roughly $ 1 million Porsche 918 Spyder Hybrid.

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Plug-in Ferrari Engine Hybrid 87

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2016

LiquidPiston, a developer of advanced combustion engine technology, received the award for the first phase of a program to realize the full capability of its patented high-efficiency hybrid cycle (HEHC) engine. LiquidPiston’s X Engines are non-Wankel rotary embodiments of the company’s High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle (HEHC).

Engine 150

Engine Exhaust 2014 Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2010

compacts under 1,400 kg in weight—a stoichiometric 3-cylinder turbocharged gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine offers an optimal combination of cost, lower emissions and reductions in fuel consumption, according to an analysis by Delphi Powertrain presented at the recent SAE 2010 World Congress. Source: Kirwan et al. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Downsizing Engine CO2 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2015

The Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (ALABC) last month showcased three hybrid electric concept vehicles resulting from its R&D program that demonstrate the real-world potential of lead-carbon batteries in 48V architectures. The three vehicles in the ALABC’s 48V hybrid display included the following: The 48V LC SuperHybrid.

Carbon 150

Carbon Lead Acid Hybrid Batteries 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

In this way, the cost of exhaust-gas treatment can be reduced, Bosch adds. Bosch has calculated that, up to a lifetime mileage of 160,000 kilometers, the total cost of ownership of a hybrid running on synthetic fuel could be less than that of a long-range electric car, depending on the type of renewable energy used. Earlier post.)

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Emissions Fuel CO2 Gasoline-Electric 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2014

The ICCT team determined these factors on distinct levels of detail, characterized by technology parameters such as share of diesel engines in the fleet, vehicle size, share of hybrid systems, aerodynamic drag, and others. Gasoline vehicles emit strongest under the WLTC schedule. Earlier post.) —Kühlwein et al. Source: ICCT.

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Conversion Emissions CO2 Global 290

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2009

Schematic of downsized and supercharged four-stroke hybrid pneumatic spark injection engine. In the pneumatic hybridization scheme, each cylinder is connected via a fully variable charge valve to a shared pressure tank. The engine has two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. Source: ETH Zürich. Click to enlarge.

Downsizing 170

Downsizing Concept Engine Hybrid 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2009

Pneumatic hybrid engine on the test bench. Researchers at ETH Zürich are developing a pneumatic hybrid engine—an internal combustion engine connected to a compressed air tank instead of a battery system. With the cost advantage, Guzzella suggests that the air hybrid also would be suitable for use in poorer countries.

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Hybrid Engine Downsizing 2009 199

Teslarati

MARCH 13, 2023

Maryland aligned with the California Air Resource Board (CARB) vehicle standards in 2011 and is one of seventeen states in the U.S. Car exhaust is the largest source of greenhouse gas in the State of Maryland. .” The requirements allow plug-in hybrid vehicles to account for 20 percent of the requirements.

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Maryland Gas Sale Vehicles 98

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2009

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin, led by Dr. Rolf Reitz, are investigating a blended dual-fuel (gasoline and diesel) concept to extend the operating range of partially premixed charge compression ignition combustion by using the varying fuel reactivity of the charge blend, which is determined in real time. Source: Rolf Reitz.

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Wisconsin Gasoline Diesel Universal 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2018

LiquidPiston’s X Engines are non-Wankel rotary embodiments of the company’s High Efficiency Hybrid Cycle (HEHC). This is done by changing the locations of intake and exhaust ports asymmetrically which allows for the extraction of more energy during the expansion stroke. Nickerson, M., Kopache, A., Shkolnik, A.,

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Diesel Engine 2018 Connecticut 284

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2009

Tom Cackette, Chief Deputy Executive Office of the California Air Resources Board, spent the bulk of his talk during the opening panel discussing the response to climate change, which he called “ the defining environmental challenge of this century. We also expect a lot of hybrids and electrification. SULEV/Tier 2 Bin 2 is the target.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Diesel Engine Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2016

The FEV data are combined with supplemental data to generate CO 2 cost curves for ten EU vehicle classes (diesel B, C, D, E, SUV, and LCV classes and gasoline B, C, D, and E classes). Switching sooner from conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles to plug-in or battery electric vehicles would reduce compliance costs.

CO2 150

CO2 Cars 2014 Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2009

million from the Department of Energy’s ARPA-E program ( earlier post ) to complete its prototype development of a new gasoline-fueled wave disc engine and electricity generator that promises to be five times more efficient than traditional auto engines in electricity production, 20% lighter, and 30% cheaper to manufacture. Click to enlarge.

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Michigan Engine Universal Hybrid 316

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2009

The HyBoost project ( earlier post ), a two-year collaborative research program led by Ricardo in partnership with Controlled Power Technologies, the European Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium, Ford, Imperial College London, and Valeo, aims to demonstrate a very cost-effective, ultra-efficient gasoline engine in a C-segment passenger car.

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Lead Acid CO2 Exhaust Gasoline-Electric 225