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The research group led by Mark Davis, the Warren and Katharine Schlinger Professor of Chemical Engineering at Caltech, describes the new, four-reaction process in an open access paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). —Xu et al. NaMnO 2 at 850 °C; Na + extraction from ?-NaMnO
Researchers at the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) have discovered that a nano-galvanic aluminum-based powder of their design splits water on contact, producing hydrogen and oxygen. The team demonstrated a small radio-controlled tank powered by the powder/water reaction. —Scott Grendahl, a materials engineer and team leader.
A team of researchers from Tufts University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison and Harvard University report that alkali ions (sodium or potassium) added in small amounts activate platinum adsorbed on alumina or silica for the low-temperature water-gas shift (WGS) reaction (H 2 O+CO→ H 2 +CO 2 ) used for producing hydrogen.
Generation of H 2 and O 2 from untreated water sources represents a promising alternative to ultrapure water required in contemporary proton exchange membrane-based electrolysis. The results of their study, published in Joule , could help advance efforts to produce low-carbon fuels.
The US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Advanced Research Projects Agency - Energy (ARPA-E) will award $38 million to 12 projects that will work to reduce the impacts of light-water reactor used nuclear fuel (UNF) disposal. Upon discharge from a nuclear reactor, the UNF is initially stored in steel-lined concrete pools surrounded by water.
Researchers from Tatung and National Cheng Kung Universities in China, and Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, report manufacturing a new oxygenate additive for diesels (bio or petroleum) using glycerol (a major byproduct of biodiesel production), dimethyl sulfate (DMS), and sodium hydroxide pellets as raw materials.
The nanosized crystalline primary particles and high surface areas enable an increased rate of photocatalytic hydrogen production from water and extended working life. The etching process uses to produce porous silicon results in the loss of material, said said Donghai Wang, assistant professor of mechanical engineering, who led the research.
Researchers from Tianjin University and the National Engineering Research Centre for Distillation Technology, Tianjin, China, report on the use of an ionic liquid (IL) with low viscosity to enhance bitumen recovery from oil sands by solvent extraction while reducing adverse impacts in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. However, Li et al.
The 2011 Chevrolet Cruze is powered by a new generation of small-displacement four-cylinder engines, including the Ecotec 1.4L Power-dense small-displacement engines with turbocharging and variable valve timing, such as the Ecotec 1.4L Mike Katerberg, assistant chief engineer, Powertrain. turbo and the Ecotec 1.8L. The Ecotec 1.4L
Several opportunities will be evaluated over the coming months that could enhance project economics further, including alternative approaches to managing elevated sodium concentrations prior to returning process water to the environment. Sodium Treatment. Ausenco Engineering Canada Inc. Tailings Capacity, Phase 1.
Using electrolyzed water rather than harsh chemicals could be a more effective and environmentally friendly method in the pretreatment of ethanol waste products to produce an acetone-butanol-ethanol fuel mix, according to research conducted at the University of Illinois. coli on fresh fruits and vegetables.
To yield more oil, water may be injected into the reservoir to maintain pressure in order to keep the flow moving. Engineers may also make the water more alkaline by adding sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate to help the oil flow better. —Yuichiro Nagatsu.
IBC Advanced Technologies, a developer of highly selective separations products, engineered systems and processes based on Molecular Recognition Technology, announced Phase One results of the Direct Lithium to Product (DLP) pilot plant currently operating at Salar de Maricunga, Chile. Complete recycling of process water.
million for four advanced nuclear reactor projects that go beyond traditional light water designs. Westinghouse’s project will conduct analysis on sodium thermal hydraulics to support advanced nuclear reactor design. The US Department of Energy (DOE) is awarding $3.5 Westinghouse Electric Company.
The TWR commercial reactor plant design is a 1,150 MW liquid-sodium-cooled fast reactor that uses depleted uranium as fuel. The novel design allows for the use of depleted uranium generated by the enrichment process used for existing light water reactors fueled with enriched uranium. Source: TerraPower. Click to enlarge.
In the mid-20 th century, chemical companies successfully created magnesium feedstock from seawater by mixing it with sodium hydroxide, commonly known as lye. For example, the sodium hydroxide used to extract the magnesium salt can be generated on site using seawater and marine renewable energy. —Wang et al. 2c00229.
In addition to its advantage of size, the presence of hydrogen as a constituent of water enables fast conduction of protons in aqueous systems by a displacive mechanism first postulated by von Grotthuss in 1806. Computational scientists have made tremendous progress on understanding how the proton hopping really occurs in water.
Advanced systems such as lithium-air, sodium-ion, as well as lithium-ion electrochemical energy storage are appropriate. Processes for sustainable energy production must be environmentally benign, reduce greenhouse gas production, and utilize renewable resources. Advanced Batteries for Transportation and Renewable Energy Storage.
Uranium in nuclear fuel rods is in a chemical form that is “pretty insoluble” in water, said Professor Alexandra Navrotsky, UC Davis, corresponding author on the paper, unless the uranium is oxidized to uranium-VI—a process that can be facilitated when radiation converts water into peroxide, a powerful oxidizing agent.
A team of researchers from universities and national laboratories led by Tufts University has developed catalysts composed of a unique structure of single gold atoms bound by oxygen to several sodium or potassium atoms and supported on non-reactive silica materials. This single-site gold species is active for the low-temperature (.
Fundamental engineering research, supported by modeling and simulation studies, that leads to new processes to efficiently harness wind energy for the production of electrical power is an interest area of this program. Advanced systems such as lithium-air, sodium-ion, as well as lithium-ion with new cathode chemistries are appropriate.
A group of universities led by Charles Forsberg of the Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering (NSE) at MIT has been awarded $5 million as part of the NEUP initiative. Fluoride-salt High-Temperature Reactor.
two-stroke main-engines that feature integrated Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) systems. Vessels with a keel-laid date on or after 1 January 2016 that travel in NO x Emission Control Areas (ECA) require IMO Tier III-certified engines. Sodium hydroxide dosing is therefore required to neutralise the acidic scrubber water.
To maximize the benefit of the open structure, the researchers needed to use ions that fit; hydrated potassium ions proved to be a much better fit compared with other hydrated ions such as sodium and lithium. The researchers chose to use a water-based electrolyte. It fits perfectly— really, really nicely. —Yi Cui.
The goal of the Energy for Sustainability program is to support fundamental engineering research that will enable innovative processes for the sustainable production of electricity and fuels, and for energy storage. Advanced systems such as lithium-air, sodium-ion, as well as lithium-ion electrochemical energy storage are appropriate.
a global engineering consultancy firm, has delivered its report that evaluates NOVONIX’s all-dry, zero-waste cathode synthesis process. NOVONIX Limited, a battery materials and technology company, announced that Hatch Ltd.,
The 55kW E-Drive fits neatly onto the existing engine mounting points with just three additional connections (water, high voltage electrics and low voltage electrics). Zytek has unveiled a fully engineered, electric version of the Mercedes A-Class that it developed in just ten weeks. Click to enlarge.
equivalent MeOH, 35°C/95°F, 2% water and 20 to 24 hours reaction time. The enzymatic process eliminates the need for sodium methoxide, one of the most hazardous chemicals in traditional biodiesel plants. This figure shows the basic layout of the Novozymes enzymatic process. Recommended conditions for the enzyme reactor: 0.7%
Noble Thermodynamic Systems, Inc is building out the Argon Power Cycle, a new power system designed for the reciprocating engine, delivering emission-free electricity without compromising on reliability and affordability. CalSEED is an initiative made possible by the California Energy Commission.
Cadillac announced details of a new Twin-Turbo V-6 engine and eight-speed transmission—firsts for the brand and signature features of the all-new 2014 Cadillac CTS midsize luxury sedan debuting next week at the New York Auto Show. Twin-Turbo’s peak torque is available from 2,500 rpm to 5,500 rpm, giving the engine a broad torque curve.
Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor. Nuclear Engineering International reports that: The HPM uses 24 assemblies of uranium nitride fuel, and 18 control rods. Global Energy Module (GEM50). Westinghouse-Toshiba. Toshiba 4S (Super Safe, Small and Simple). Hyperion Power Generation. Sandia National Laboratory. General Electric. TerraPower.
Water (1 project). Eagle Picher, in partnership with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, will develop a new generation of high energy, low cost planar liquid sodium beta batteries for grid scale electrical power storage applications. (DOE Affordable Energy from Water and Sunlight. Earlier post.) ENERGY STORAGE.
Researchers from George Washington University and Vanderbilt University have demonstrated the conversion of atmospheric CO 2 into carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as high-performance anodes in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. times above that of sodium-ion batteries with graphite electrodes.
The current process used to produce malonic acid requires sodium cyanide and chloroacetic acid; Lygos’ engineered yeast produces malonic acid from sugar and CO 2. Most specialty chemicals manufactured from oil today can also be made using Lygos’ technology of engineered microbes with sugar and water. Earlier post.).
The companys plan is to electrochemically strip carbon dioxide out of the ocean, store or use the CO 2 , and then return the water to the sea, where it will naturally absorb more CO 2 from the air. Both have inspired the engineering of novel, highly efficient electrochemical systems to treat copious amounts of seawater.
In addition to nickel and cobalt electrolysis, the flowsheet and site encompasses leaching and neutralization, nickel purification, crystallization and evaporation, cobalt extraction, utilities, cutting and packing, electrical, maintenance, an industrial waste-water treatment plant and a sodium sulfate crystallization building.
liter turbocharged inline four-cylinder engines join the Wrangler lineup, while the 3.6-liter liter Pentastar V-6 engine is upgraded for 2018. liter turbocharged inline four-cylinder engine with eTorque technology is rated a best-in-class 270 hp and 295 lb-ft of torque and mated to a new eight-speed automatic transmission.
At present, pretreatment techniques include physical, chemical, physicochemical and/or biological methods such as steam explosion; hot water extraction; sulfuric acid; sodium hydroxide; hydrogen peroxide; peracetic acid; ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX); and wet oxidation in addition to an emerging body of work on ozonolysis.
If GridLAB is the calculation engine, this does your configuration and establishes what scenarios to examine. VVO seeks to optimize voltage at all points along the distribution feeder under all loading conditions, thereby increasing grid efficiency.). provide insight into grid sensitivity and capacity under changing conditions.
Researchers at Tohoku University in Japan have developed a new system combining hydrodynamic cavitation with sodium percarbonate (SP) (an environmentally benign oxidation reagent) for the efficient pre-treatment of biomass. These bubbles subsequently collapse when the pressure increases downstream of the constriction. 5b04375.
ARPA-E’s TERRA program uniquely integrates agriculture, information technology and engineering to address major global challenges in developing crops that are sustainable, affordable and yield abundant plant feedstocks for bioenergy. Transportation Energy Resources from Renewable Agriculture (TERRA). Texas A&M AgriLife Research.
Among other things, the demonstration project will evaluate the reduction in steam requirements with the goal to develop a technology that can potentially significantly lower the cumulative steam-to-oil ratio and water treatment costs associated with steam generation. Alberta Innovates is providing $2,000,000; NRCan is providing $7,525,000.
GM’s Cadillac announced a new generation of V-6 engines, led by an exclusive 3.0L Twin Turbo is the only six-cylinder engine to combine turbocharging with cylinder deactivation and stop/start technologies to conserve fuel. TFSI engine, while the 3.6L naturally aspirated engine employed for years across the brand’s model range.
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