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In-cylinder pressure (on the left) and heat release rate (on the right) as a function of the CAD and ozone concentration injected in the intake of the engine for PRF40. The results show that ozone seeding improves combustion and advances phasing. The same trends were observed for the other fuels studied. Click to enlarge.
Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) and the Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), found that while PM 2.5 pollution is falling, harmful ground-level ozone pollution is on the rise, especially in large cities. But the rapid reduction of PM 2.5 But the rapid reduction of PM 2.5
A University of Utah engineer has developed an inexpensive new method to remove oil sheen by repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing ozone gas, creating microscopic bubbles that attack the oil so it can be removed by sand filters. The ozone in the bubble attacks certain pollutants because it is a strong oxidant.
BASF has launched UpCore, a new service providing a cost-effective and sustainable technology upgrade from a standard ozone converter to an ozone-VOC (volatile organic compounds) converter for cleaner and healthier aircraft cabin air. The air at high altitude contains significant levels of ozone.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing new, stronger standards to promote clean air and reduce pollution from heavy-duty vehicles and engines starting in model year (MY) 2027. This proposed rulemaking builds on and improves the existing emission control program for on-highway heavy-duty engines and vehicles.
The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.
This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In this study, to improve absorption performance of SO 2 and NO 2 , we added ozone in exhaust gas. Osaka et al. Resources.
The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.
The plant builds the GMC Acadia and the Cadillac XT5 and XT6, as well as several engines. By moving the needle in the voluntary green power market, GM and other Green Power Partners are helping to reduce the negative health impacts of air emissions, including those related to ozone, fine particles, acid rain and regional haze.
BASF announced the commercial launch of PremAir NXT, a next-generation direct ozone reduction (DOR) catalytic coating technology for heat exchange surfaces such as radiators that can help automakers meet new US Tier 3 and California LEV III emissions reduction requirements. it converts ground-level ozone already in the air.
A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. The monitoring methods can quickly and accurately detect ozone anomalies—localized spikes in ozone concentration indicated by sensor data.
Alternative-fuel technology company ROUSH CleanTech has developed the first available propane autogas engine certified to California Air Resources Board’s (CARB’s) optional low oxides of nitrogen emissions standard for heavy-duty engines with 0.02 g/bhp-hr heavy-duty engine standard. g/bhp-hr heavy-duty engine standard.
Net warming from NO x emissions is a sum over warming (short-term ozone increase) and cooling (decreases in methane and stratospheric water vapor, and a long-term decrease in ozone) terms. Negative RF (cooling) contributions arise from sulfate aerosol production. Net warming from contrail cirrus is a sum over the day/night cycle.
will pay a civil penalty of $2 million to resolve claims that the company imported and sold nearly 80,000 nonroad engines and equipment from China that did not meet standards under the Clean Air Act. The engines and equipment were sold to businesses and individuals through Wood Sales Company Inc. and Tool Mart, Inc. and Tool Mart, Inc.
will pay a civil penalty of $2 million to resolve claims that the company imported and sold nearly 80,000 nonroad engines and equipment from China that did not meet standards under the Clean Air Act. The engines and equipment were sold to businesses and individuals through Wood Sales Company Inc. and Tool Mart, Inc. and Tool Mart, Inc.
VOCs, primarily emitted from the tailpipes of vehicles, are a key ingredient in the formation of ground-level ozone which, at high levels, can harm people’s lungs and damage crops and other plants. —lead author Carsten Warneke, Ph.D., Warneke, C., de Gouw, J. Holloway, J.
Renault recently made public the findings of an internal study, published first in October 2011, detailing and comparing the lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of the battery-electric and two internal combustion engined versions (gasoline and diesel) of the Renault Fluence. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent).
A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al.
Commercial workboat engines are staying in service more than two times longer than predicted by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), according to new research from the Diesel Technology Forum (DTF) and Environmental Defense Fund (EDF). This report underscores that more, older engines remain in service today.
The modeled 2028 base year 8-hour ozone design values were found to be above the 70 ppb NAAQS for 75 monitoring locations. By 2035, 46 states will be in attainment with the 2015 ozone NAAQS of 70 ppb (only counties in California and Utah remain in nonattainment). Source: MECA. ppb in the west (San Bernardino, CA) and 4.9
The UK’s Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) has awarded £1.609 million (US$2.4 million) in funding to the project SPICE (Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering). From: Geoengineering the Climate (2009) Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Evaluating candidate particles.
L engines at idle. L) diesel engines at idle and load, using a biodiesel blend (B20) and conventional ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel. L) diesel engines at idle and load, using a biodiesel blend (B20) and conventional ultralow sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel. L/2004 calibration engines. Emission rates for the 1.7
The Oregon Environmental Quality Commission approved the Clean Trucks Rule, which adopts California’s Advanced Clean Trucks (ACT) Rule and Heavy-Duty Engine and Vehicle Omnibus rules (HD Omnibus) for Oregon. —Rachel Sakata, Department of Environmental Quality’s senior air quality planner.
The auxiliary engines covered under this regulation power the electricity and other onboard operations during a vessel’s visit, which can run from less than one day to several days. To resolve these violations, Del Monte agreed to pay a settlement of $1,990,650.
Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. SoCalGas), showcases the technologies currently under development that could deliver near-zero-emission heavy-duty natural gas engines by the end of this decade. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge. grams per brake horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr).
Essam El-Hannouny, a principal mechanical engineer at the Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory, won a Technology Commercialization Fund (TCF) Award from DOE to expand his research on how a renewable alcohol-based biofuel can serve as a dual fuel to help decarbonize locomotive engines. Earlier post.).
Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. The program guides the interested layperson through a selection of parameters: which type of engine should be used, gasoline-burning or diesel, for example, or one powered by natural gas, a fuel cell, or a battery. Our tool offers a very wide range of engine types.
2010 engines emissions reduction relative to 2010, 2007, and 2004 US emission standards. earlier post ), found that emissions of NO 2 and other nitrogen oxides—which can have direct health effects and contribute to the formation of smog—were approximately 61% below the 2010 EPA standard and 99% lower than in 2004 engines.
The California Air Resources Board (CARB) voted to approve an updated plan for the South Coast Air Basin aimed at further cutting smog-forming emissions to attain the federal 8-hour ozone standard. To meet the 80 parts per billion ozone standard in the South Coast, all levels of government must do their part. —CARB Chair Mary D.
Volatile organic compounds (VOC), which include hydrocarbons, are major air pollutants as well as precursors of harmful compounds such as tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosols. They therefore concluded that gasoline engines are probably the main source of volatile hydrocarbons in both cities.
The study was conducted in 2018 by West Virginia University’s Center of Alternatives Fuels, Engines, and Emissions (CAFEE). West Virginia University’s Center for Alternative Fuels Engines and Emissions (CAFEE) completed two types of tests at different times of the year during 2018 on four Blue Bird school buses.
An Eligible Area for the awards is either: Designated as a non-attainment area for ozone or carbon monoxide under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. A maintenance area, as defined in section 5303, for ozone or carbon monoxide. The LoNo Program is not a platform for the development of prototypes, FTA cautions. 7407(d)); or.
The program will demonstrate that a suite of commercially available, EPA-rail-certified engines present a near-term, low-risk solution to create an affordable RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive with near zero emissions while simultaneously improving fuel cost by 50%. OptiFuel’s OFS12 engine is EPA-rail-certified with emissions of 0.00
There are widespread policy assumptions that the phase-out of gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines will over time lead to much reduced emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from road transport and related fuels. Cliff et al. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,
Next month, Toyota will become the first automaker to use biohydrin, a newly-developed biosynthetic rubber product, in engine and drive system hoses. Vacuum sensing hoses are used in engine intake system components. Engine and drive system hoses require a particularly high level of oil and heat resistance.
Since 1990, nationwide air quality has improved significantly for the six common air pollutants: ground-level ozone; particle pollution; lead; nitrogen dioxide; carbon monoxide; and sulfur dioxide, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report “Our Nation’s Air - Status and Trends through 2008”. annual PM 2.5
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has launched the Cleaner Trucks Initiative (CTI) to further decrease NO x emissions from on-highway heavy-duty trucks and engines. EPA last revised NO x standards for on-highway heavy-duty trucks and engines in January 2001. The Agency is not required by statue to update the standard.
The Governing Board of California’s South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD) earlier this year voted to petition the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to adopt tougher emission standards for engines of heavy-duty trucks to help the region meet federal clean air goals. liter engine, produced by Cummins Westport Inc.,
Researchers at North Carolina State University are developing an ozone-based pre-treatment technique (ozonolysis) to release sugars from the energy grass miscanthus for production into renewable fuels or chemicals with minimal generation of chemical waste streams and degradation of the carbohydrate components. García-Cubero et al.
The California Energy Commission approved a $1-million grant to develop a 12-liter natural gas engine that produces near-zero nitrogen oxide (NO x ) tailpipe emissions. The engines would be suitable for heavy-duty vehicles. to develop the engine.
Employment in science, technology, engineering, and math fields is still disproportionately dominated by men, especially in engineering and math. Here is a look at some engineering scholarships being offered exclusively for girls and women. IEEE Women in Engineering scholarships. WIE offers three grants. The Frances B.
Further, they reported data for engine-out emissions and tailpipe emissions; operating temperatures (engine-out and catalyst); and ethanol concentrations used in the engine control strategy. These changes can have positive or negative effects that can depend on engine design, hardware, and control strategy.
After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. The gas is produced primarily during the combustion of gasoline in vehicle engines and coal in power plants.
A key measure in ARB’s Mobile Source Strategy is the establishment of low oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) engine emission standards that result in a 90% reduction in NO x emissions compared to the emissions of today’s diesel engines. Warranty corrective action.
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