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have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. The project was carried out in collaboration with Tsinghua University in China, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) in India, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria.
Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Reducing black carbon and tropospheric ozone now will slow the rate of climate change within the first half of this century, the study said. Full implementation of these measures would reduce future global warming by 0.5 °C
Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.
Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Eutrophication of non-marine aquatic environments [kg N-eq.]. Eutrophication of non-marine aquatic environments [kg P-eq.]. Land occupation in an urban environment [m 2 / year]. Human toxicity [kg 1,4-DC-eq.].
The decrease in CO 2 equivalent emissions of ODSs (ozone-depleting substances: CFCs, halons, HCFCs, and others) may be offset by the projected increase in their non-ozone depleting substitutes (HFCs) (lines designated as HFC scenarios). Climate and the Ozone Layer. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.
In a paper published in the journal Atmospheric Environment , they report on the findings from a suite of scenarios designed to quantify the effect of both the magnitude of EV market penetration and the source of electricity generation used to power them. Locations with clean energy sources, however, saw reductions. 2019.04.003.
Maersk Container Industry (MCI) is calling for tougher enforcement of European environmental legislation designed to protect the Earth’s ozone layer and help prevent climate change. This would benefit the environment, and it would help European innovation and environmental investments pay off. Nymand, CEO for Maersk Container Industry.
One of the more lasting contributions we can make in our community is to protect the environment by reducing ozone-forming emissions wherever possible. These trucks run cleaner and quieter, and will help to make the local environment healthier for future generations. —Michael Murphy, general manager of Republic Services.
While coal use causes warming through emission of heat-trapping carbon dioxide, it also releases comparatively large amounts of sulfates and other particles that, although detrimental to the environment, cool the planet by blocking incoming sunlight. degrees F (3 degrees C) of warming projected by 2100 under current energy trends.
Respectively, Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act and the Ozone Transport Commission/NO x Budget Program.). Policymakers rarely see with perfect foresight what the appropriate emissions targets are to protect the public health and environment—the history is that these targets usually need to get stricter.
The Houston-Galveston Area Council (H-GAC) has partnered with the Center for Transportation and the Environment (CTE) and Smith Electric Vehicles Corporation (Smith Electric) to reduce vehicle emissions from delivery trucks in the Houston-Galveston region.
The European Community’s air pollutant emission inventory report released by the European Environment Agency finds that in 2007, sulphur oxides (SO x ) emissions were down by 72 % from 1990 levels. Energy use by households (the burning of wood, gas, coal etc) is the most important source of PM 2.5
A new report from the European Environment Agency (EEA) warns that the health of Europe’s most vulnerable citizens remains disproportionately affected by environmental hazards such as air and noise pollution and extreme temperatures, especially in Europe’s eastern and southern regions, despite overall improvements in Europe’s environmental quality.
The study, carried out through a partnership with EPA, the US Department of Energy, the Li-ion battery industry, and academicians, was the first life-cycle assessment to bring together and to use data directly provided by Li-ion battery suppliers, manufacturers, and recyclers. times as much primary energy as the other two active materials.
R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. For these reasons, Germany’s Federal Environment Agency (Umweltbundesamt, UBA) took the position in the late 2000s that R134a should be replaced by the natural refrigerant R744. Mahmoud Ghodbane, Timothy D.
Waxman of the Energy and Commerce Committee and Chairman Edward J. Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases.
Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. Increased eutrophication is a key characteristic of biofuels from energy crops when compared with fossil fuels. Source: “Assessing Biofuels”. Click to enlarge. Making better use of biomass.
Energy consumption and GHG emissions per PKT (passenger kilometer travelled). Mikhail Chester and Arpad Horvath inventoried on-road, rail, and air travel to determine energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and criteria air pollutant (CAP) emissions (excluding PM, lead, and ozone due to lack of data).
positive or negative—and magnitude of net climate forcing from BC emissions), currently available scientific and technical information provides a strong foundation for making mitigation decisions to achieve lasting benefits for public health, the environment, and climate. Earlier post.).
Tata Motors Limited and MAHLE have signed a joint development agreement for designing and developing a Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning System (SL-MAC), under the aegis of United Nations Environment. The new SL-MAC system, which is testing the low-GWP refrigerants, is expected to increase vehicle energy efficiency.
The study by Nadine Unger, Drew Shindell and James Wang will appear in an upcoming issue of the journal Atmospheric Environment. In the first scenario (S1), ORT emissions were reduced by 50% in the US and globally, with the assumption that the replacement energy to supply the fleet is provided by a clean zero emission source.
The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London.
Traditional ignition systems when used to enhance internal combustion engine (ICE) efficiency and lower emissions are handicapped with high energy consumption and poor durability leading to an unattractive cost of ownership. For advanced ignition systems to be adopted, cost, size and lower energy consumption are critical.
The report released by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), entitled Climate Change Science Compendium 2009 , highlights new research that identifies some events thought likely to occur in longer-term time horizons as already happening or set to happen far sooner than had previously been thought. Earlier post.).
This massive alteration of the nitrogen cycle affects climate, food security, energy security, human health and ecosystem health. On a planetary scale, human activities, especially fertilizer application, have more than doubled the amount of reactive nitrogen in circulation on land.
In a liquid phase, the organic materials would absorb other compounds such as ammonia or ozone very easily and then progress through a series of chemical changes (known as chemical aging) to form particles that reflect or absorb sunlight, or form clouds. For the environment, ammonia is a very tricky compound. —Kuwata Mikinori.
Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions compared to fossil fuels from other biofuels included (without energy allocation): 71%; 80%; and 79% for wheat-based ethanol; sugar beet ethanol; and Brazilian sugar cane ethanol, respectively. Pål Börjesson, researcher in Environment and Energy Systems at Lund University.
The EaSM funding opportunity enables interagency cooperation on one of the most pressing problems of the millennium: climate change, how it is likely to affect our world, and how we can plan for its consequences.
In 2005, Congress enacted the Renewable Fuel Standard as part of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) and amended it in the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). The study was sponsored by the US Department of Agriculture, US Department of Energy, and US Environmental Protection Agency. Barriers and opportunities.
Population growth, intensified agricultural practices, increases in land use and deforestation, industrialization and associated energy use from fossil fuel sources have all contributed to increases in concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere since the industrial era, beginning in 1750. parts per billion.
The project also supports RTC’s efforts to transition its aging diesel bus fleet to zero emission vehicles to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions in an area where ozone levels currently exceed air quality targets.
The researchers developed an updated and modified life cycle inventory (LCI) to estimate fuel cycle energy consumption and emissions of selected pollutants and greenhouse gases. Life cycle fossil energy reductions are estimated at 9% for B20 and 42% for B100 versus petroleum diesel based on the current national energy mix.
This research points to the importance of two fundamental and parallel trends in energy and the environment. First is the continuing decarbonization of the electricity sector and second is the electrification of energy use in transportation and industry. levels throughout the United States.
Isoprene, a five-carbon diene formed naturally in plants and animals and a precursor of ozone, contributes more than 40% of these emissions. The scientists pointed out that converting the epoxides to aerosol is likely to be higher in polluted environments, because the aerosols’ acidity is generally higher when human activity is present.
In addition, other studies have shown that increases in PM 2.5 , NO 2 , and ozone were associated with lower test scores that were “equivalent to the effects of short-term reductions of thousands of dollars in district median household income.” The more vehicles that switch to running on electricity, the better.
They reported in an open-access paper in the journal energies on their analysis of non-exhaust emissions of passenger vehicles, both conventional (diesel and gasoline) or electric, on air quality levels in an urban environment in Belgium. Another new approach to the problem comes from the team of Hooftman et al. in Belgium.
So, we focus significant energy on solar climate intervention, or sunlight reflection. We see it as similar to the ozone hole problem, where we really needed a tight, science-based focus on the limits to human inputs to the system--and howthose inputs affected the ozone layer's ability to keep people safe. Which is good.
Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming. As we confront the enormous challenge of climate change, we should take inspiration from even the most unlikely sources.
In 2004, the Centralina region (the Greater Charlotte metro area, which straddles the North CarolinaSouth Carolina border) was designated as a non-attainment area for ozone under the Clean Air Act. I had a paper that I had to edit about the future of power and energy when I was still with Bellsouth.
Together with the Energy Saving Trust (EST) and other partners, the National Franchised Dealers Association developed the EVA scheme to tackle poor advice and uncertainty in electric car ownership. Energy Saving Trust (EST). The EST is an association that specialises in promoting energy efficiency in the UK.
The car still has plenty of other impacts – higher carbon emissions and energy use, contribution to sprawl and land use, oil dependency and so on – but for these specific smog-forming pollutants, SOREs have a major impact. PIRG, a public interest advocacy group which focuses on a number of issues, including environment and clean air.
Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Even short periods of unhealthy ozone levels can cause local death rates to rise. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.
German energy firm RWE has stated that a cadre of respected automakers and energy firms have all come together in agreement on a three-point, 400-volt plug that will enable electric cars the world over to be recharged anywhere, regardless of which recharging station they stop at. excluding coal power in china.
So you end up having to spend a lot of energy filtering a lot of air to bring it out of the atmosphere. And the stratosphere is relatively uniform environment compared to the lower atmosphere, so scientists have also been able to do what they think is more reliable modeling of what might happen. It’s very low concentration.
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