Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2013

RANGE is focused on supporting chemistry and system concepts in energy storage with robust designs in one or both of: Category 1: Low-cost, rechargeable energy storage chemistries and architectures with robust designs; Category 2: Multifunctional energy storage designs.

Energy Storage 239

Energy Storage Range Energy Nickel Metal Hydride 239

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2011

(A) Energy storage potential (ESP) based on annual production of the elements. On the order of 1 billion 40 kWh Li-based EV batteries could be built with the currently estimated reserve base of lithium, according to a recent study by researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley.

Ni-Li 268

Ni-Li Li-ion Energy Storage Batteries 268

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2013

Li-ion battery maker A123 Systems LLC, a newly formed, wholly owned subsidiary of Wanxiang America Corporation, has acquired substantially all of the non-government business assets of bankrupt A123 Systems, Inc. —Pin Ni, president of Wanxiang America. A123’s joint venture with Shanghai Automotive. Electric Grid.

Lead Acid 310

Lead Acid Ni-Li Li-ion Grid 310

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2011

They attributed this as being likely due to the prohibitively large ionic radius of the sodium ion (1.02 Å) as compared to the Li ion (0.76 Å); insertion of Na ion therefore requires large distortion of the metal oxide lattice, which would require unacceptably elevated temperatures not realistic for the operation of batteries.

Sodium 210

Sodium Li-ion Ni-Li Batteries 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2012

As an example, the military’s BB-2590 Li-ion battery used in a range of portable systems calls for a cycle life of ≥224 and ≥ 3 years.). LIB capacity is limited in part by the intercalation of Li ions by the anode material—i.e., Envia is targeting its high energy density Li-ion cells at plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles.

Li-ion 286

Li-ion Ni-Li Commercial Energy 286

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2009

Saft manufacturers a range of advanced batteries for a large range of applications using lithium and nickel chemistries, including lithium-ion, lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl 2 ), lithium-sulfur dioxide (Li-SO 2 ), lithium-manganese dioxide (Li-MnO 2 ), nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel-hydrogen (Ni-H 2 ), and nickel-metal hydride (NiMH).

Nickel Cadmium 150

Nickel Cadmium Ni-Li Nickel Metal Hydride Diesel 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2015

Although lithium-ion batteries are currently the predominant battery technology in electric and hybrid vehicles, as well as other energy storage applications, sodium-ion could offer significant cost, safety and sustainability benefits. Faradion’s sodium-ion cells deliver a specific energy of more than 140 Wh/kg.

Sodium 150

Sodium Concept Li-ion Lithium Ion 150