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In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions ( earlier post ). —Emissions Analytics. Quoting such ratios, however, needs careful interpretation.
A new modeling study led by researchers from George Washington Universit (GWU) finds that 86% of people living in cities worldwide (~2.5 A second study, also led by the GWU researchers, finds that nearly 2 million cases of asthma in children are linked to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide air pollution, with two in three occurring in cities.
Air pollution was responsible for 1.1 Air pollution was responsible for 1.1 Deaths attributable to household air pollution and ambient particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) air pollution in Ethiopia, Ghana, Rwanda, and overall in Africa, 1990–2019. The most disturbing finding was the increase in deaths from ambient air pollution.
Air pollution is responsible for shortening people’s lives worldwide on a scale far greater than wars and other forms of violence, parasitic and vector-born diseases such as malaria, HIV/AIDS and smoking, according to an open-access study published in Cardiovascular Research. The global total is 233 (221–250) million per year.
Urban planners should plant hedges—or a combination of trees with hedges—rather than just relying on roadside trees if they are most effectively to reduce pollution exposure from cars in near-road environments, according to a new study from the University of Surrey.
More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. Electric power generation is the greatest contributor to out-of-state pollution-related deaths, the findings suggest.
New research by George Mason University found that exposure to certain air pollutants is linked to increased emergency department (ED) visits for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The study is published in the journal Environment International. We estimated associations between twelve ambient air pollutants of both primary (e.g.
A new NOAA study covering four decades of tropical cyclones found that reducing particulate air pollution in Europe and North America has contributed to an increase in the number of tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic basin and a decrease in the number of these storms in the Southern Hemisphere. Credit: NOAA.
Researchers from the University at Buffalo (UB), with colleagues in the US and China, have provided pathophysiologic evidence of the effect of air pollution on cardiovascular disease in China. Their findings also suggests that China may need to revise its standard for one type of pollutant. —first author, Meng Wang.
Less traffic on the roads during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK led to a reduction in air pollution but may have caused potentially damaging surface ozone levels to rise, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of York. The 25–75% range is shown by the shaded area. These results are a cautionary tale.
Asphalt is a near-ubiquitous substance—it’s found in roads, on roofs and in driveways—but its chemical emissions rarely figure into urban air quality management plans. A new study now finds that asphalt is a significant source of air pollutants in urban areas, especially on hot and sunny days. —Khare et al.
An international team of scientists, led by NTU Singapore, has linked increased air pollution to an uptick in cases of lung adenocarcinoma (LADC) worldwide. The results of the study were published in the journal Atmospheric Environment. Black carbon is a pollutant that is classified as under PM 2.5. micrograms per cubic meter (?g/m
A new study finds that environmental damage caused by corn production results in 4,300 premature deaths annually in the United States, representing a monetized cost of $39 billion. Production-weighted national average human mortality per million tonnes of maize produced, by pollutant and supply chain stage. a, Absolute mortality.
Data from the ESA’s Tropomi (TROPOspheric Monitoring) instrument on board the Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite shows the variation of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) emissions over China from December to March. The drop in emissions also coincided with Lunar New Year celebrations, which usually sees a similar drop in emissions each year.
Air pollution in India resulted 1.67 million deaths in 2019—the largest pollution-related death toll in any country in the world—and also accounted for $36.8 The 2019 death toll attributed to air pollution in India accounted for 17.8% Pollution takes an enormous human toll in India. It is causing 1.67
pollution was significantly associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions for several neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and other dementias, in a long-term study of more than 63 million older US adults, led by researchers at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5
Coal trains and terminal operations add a significant amount of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) pollution to urban areas—more so than other freight or passenger trains— according to a study conducted in Richmond, California, by the University of California, Davis. The results indicate coal trains add on average 8.32
In a cohort study of a subset of 2050 newborns from the Children’s Health Study in southern California, researchers at the University of Southern California (USC) found that an increase of 2 standard deviations in prenatal exposure to particulate matter in air pollution was associated with higher newborn total thyroxine (TT4) measures.
A new report by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) finds that the rising use of ride-hailing services is increasing carbon emissions, with ride-hailing trips producing nearly 70% greater emissions compared to the trips they are replacing. Error bars for bus and rail emissions represent variability among cities. Source: UCS.
Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. In addition to nitrogen dioxide, one of the new studies finds PM 2.5 Bauwens et al.
Findings of a study led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) and published in the European Respiratory Journal suggest that a significant proportion of childhood asthma cases may be attributable to outdoor air pollution, and that these cases could be prevented. Meeting the minimum air pollution levels for NO 2 (1.5?µg·m
In an open-access report in the journal Environmental Pollution , researchers from UCLA and the University of Chicago estimate that California’s wildfire carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 e) emissions from 2020 (~127 mmt CO 2 e ) are approximately two times higher than California’s total greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions since 2003.
Diesel generators release greenhouse gases, particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrous oxides (NO x ) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), harmful pollutants that create smog and exacerbate respiratory conditions. Emissions from these backup generators can harm local residents, regional air quality and the global climate.
A new study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found that deaths related to air pollution in the US were nearly halved between 1990 and 2010. The open-access study is published in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. —Jason West, study co-author. Zhang et al.
A “well-to-wheel” life cycle assessment (LCA) by a team from synthetic fuels producer Greyrock ( earlier post ), and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has determined the potential reduction of greenhouse gases and criteria pollutantemissions from the use of synthetic fuels directly converted from flare gas. 0.37, 42.4,
A 2015 study found a 138% risk of increase of AD per increase of 4.34 ?g/m The study by heightens concerns over the evolving and relentless Alzheimer’s pathology observed in young Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) urbanites. This study focused on studying 507 CSF normal samples from children, teens and young adults average age 12.8±6.7
A study by researchers from the National University of Singapore Department of Economics ( NUS Economics ) has found a correlation between pollution and productivity of employees. The study, the first of its kind to examine prolonged exposure to air pollution, was published in the American Economic Journal: Applied Economics.
More 3,000 primary school children in polluted areas of London and Luton will have their lung health monitored over a four-year period in a new international study launched by the Mayor of London, Sadiq Khan. Pollution also triggers asthma, asthma attacks and chest infections. It is important that it’s rigorously evaluated.
A team of researchers from the University of California, Berkeley; University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; and University of Miami has analyzed the implications of California’s Clean Vehicle Rebate Project (CVRP) for emissions of greenhouse gases and criteria air pollutants, both in aggregate and in their distribution.
People continuously exposed to air pollution are at increased risk of dementia, especially if they also suffer from cardiovascular diseases, according to a study at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden published in the journal JAMA Neurology. The annual average level of particulate matter 2.5 —Giulia Grande. Giulia Grande, Petter L.S.
A new study by a team from the University of New Mexico, University of Washington and the University of Minnesota examines the health and economic impacts of PM 2.5 pollution (particulates and precursors) in the United States. Of these deaths, 57% were associated with pollution caused by energy consumption [e.g., Goodkind et al.
A new study led by researchers from Northwestern University projects that if electric vehicles replaced 25% of combustion engine cars currently on the road, the United States would save approximately $17 billion annually by avoiding damages from climate change and air pollution. —Northwestern’s Daniel Horton, senior author.
Air pollution and transportation noise are both associated with an increased risk of heart attacks. However, studies on air pollution which do not take into account traffic noise tend to overestimate the long-term effect of air pollution on heart attacks, according to a study conducted by the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute.
A study by Mark Z. Jacobson, professor of civil and environmental engineering at Stanford University, suggests that carbon capture technologies are inefficient and increase air pollution. However, this research finds that it reduces only a small fraction of carbon emissions, and it usually increases air pollution.
A new study led by University of Chicago researchers finds an association between exposure to environmental pollution and an increase in the prevalence of neuropsychiatric disorders. For the Danish cohort, the team studiedstudy 4 psychiatric disorders: bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, personality disorder, and depression.
New York City Clean Air Taxi rules are successful in cutting emissions and reducing air pollution, [link] to a new study by researchers at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health and Drexel University. exhaust emissions declined by 82% and 49%, respectively.
air pollution during the third trimester of their mother’s pregnancy had a higher risk of elevated blood pressure in childhood, according to new research by a team led by researchers from Johns Hopkins University in the American Heart Association’s journal Hypertension. Children who were exposed to higher levels of PM 2.5 —Noel T.
Consumer products such as shampoo, cleaning products and paint now contribute as much to emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cities as tailpipe emissions from vehicles, according to a new study led by NOAA. Total VOC emission factors for end uses of petrochemical sources in the study. —McDonald et al.
Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.
Heavily polluted areas have a higher rate of angioplasty procedures to treat blocked arteries than areas with clean air, according to research to be presented at ESC Congress 2019 together with the World Congress of Cardiology. Procedures are even more common in winter, the most polluted time of year. additional PCIs per week.
By disrupting normal societal activities such as driving, COVID-19 lockdowns afforded a unique opportunity to study their impacts on the environment. On a national or global scale, most NH 3 pollution comes from agricultural sources, such as livestock manure. The team analyzed satellite readings of NH 3 , as well as NO 2. 1c00730.
The study is published in the New England Journal of Medicine. This is a study of unprecedented statistical power because of the massive size of the study population. They also estimated air pollution levels at each 1 kilometer grid for the entire US upon which the claims data could be overlaid and interpreted.
A team of researchers, led by Professor Gavin Shaddick at the University of Exeter, has shown that, despite global efforts to improve air quality, half of the world’s population is exposed to increasing air pollution. In some regions, sand and desert dust, waste burning and deforestation are additional sources of air pollution.
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