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Springtime ozone distributions for 1984, 1995–2008 in the mid-troposphere (3.0–8.0 Springtime ozone levels above western North America are rising primarily due to air flowing eastward from the Pacific Ocean, a trend that is largest when the air originates in Asia. The US EPA recently proposed new tougher ground-level ozone standards.
Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. These narrow-focused models utilize high-resolution information about the geography, meteorology and emissions of these areas.
The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.
However, emissions do not just remain in conurbations; particles and gaseous pollutants can be transported thousands of kilometers by the wind. A total of approximately 100 flight hours are planned for the measurement flights in the emission plumes of Asian cities, said John P. HALO in-hangar in Taiwan.
The California Air Resources Board’s latest state inventory of greenhouse gas emissions shows that California’s GHG emissions continue to decrease. Trends in California GHG Emissions. Changes in emissions by Scoping Plan sector between 2000 and 2017. Emissions are organized by the categories in the AB 32 Scoping Plan.
China is responsible for only a small percentage of the annual pollution in the US, but powerful global winds known as “westerlies” can push airborne chemicals across the ocean in days, particularly during the spring, causing dangerous spikes in contaminants. China Emissions Manufacturing' Click to enlarge. —Lin et al.
Of our "alternative fuel" options, only electricity can truly be made renewably (wind, solar, geothermal, small hydro), with no carbon or other noxious emissions. And only electric drive cars can operate truly zero-emission.
For example, states in the western US (WUS) generally produce a larger fraction of their electricity from renewable and/or “emission-free” sources (i.e., solar, wind, hydroelectric, and nuclear) as compared to the eastern US (EUS), where the electricity market is dominated by pollutant and precursor emitting combustion sources (i.e.,
Carried long distances across the country by wind and weather, power plant emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxide (NO x ) continually travel across state lines. The rule will improve air quality by cutting SO 2 and NO x emissions that contribute to pollution problems in other states. Upwind and downwind linkages.
This in turn causes a reduction in nighttime winds that would otherwise blow pollutants out to sea. In addition, built structures interfere with local winds and contribute to relatively stagnant afternoon weather conditions. Fei and his colleagues focused on wind patterns, which are driven by temperature contrasts between land and sea.
They found that reductions in ground ozone during this 35-year period resulted in $600 million in increased production annually by the early 2010s. Another difference is that some grains can be annually modified to withstand greater heat and even higher ozone levels in the air. An open-access paper on the work appears in Nature Food.
Arrows denote winds at this level derived from meteorological analysis, showing that the HCN maximum is linked with the upper tropospheric Asian monsoon anticyclone. This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer. Source: Randel et al.,
The committee that wrote the report focused on monetizing the damage of major air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and particulate matter—on human health, grain crops and timber yields, buildings, and recreation. Most vehicle and fuel combinations had similar levels of greenhouse gas emissions in 2005.
The researchers characterized nanowastes and nanoparticle emissions from the SiNW synthesis. The study is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. The LCA was based on the average US driving and electricity supply conditions. —Li et al.
Emissions represent what goes into the atmosphere. About a quarter of the total emissions is taken up by the oceans and another quarter by the biosphere, reducing in this way the amount of CO 2 in the atmosphere. The WMO Greenhouse Gas Bulletin reports on atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. parts per billion.
3M will partner with SNL to enhance the design of emissive films on building windows for cooling in a project titled “Passive Cooling Film Optimization”. Project will be co-funded by the Building Technologies Office and the Advanced Manufacturing Office.
Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. Any Federal vehicle standards are to achieve at least the results of the California standards.
Numerous studies compiled by the Environmental Defense Fund show that in addition to harming the community, diesel school buses also “self-pollute” with emissions entering the bus cabin, to the point that “ the interior cabin of a diesel bus is five times higher ” than outside the bus.
Eliza Strickland: Man-made climate change is already reshaping our planet, and carbon emissions aren’t coming down fast enough to stave off real disaster in the decades to come. Strickland: Why don’t you focus on just cutting carbon emissions? So that was a long-winded answer to your question. Transcript.
Neutral Kaitou KID @ Apr 19th 2009 4:45PM not if the electricity is from ultra efficient solar panels, hydroelectric dams or wind. Highly Ranked catachip @ Apr 19th 2009 4:57PM @ Elodie As long as the electricity is generated from wind, hydro, solar, or nuclear then there are zero emissions. Neutral who? @
More than half of all air-quality-related early deaths in the United States are a result of emissions originating outside of the state in which those deaths occur, MIT researchers report in a paper in the journal Nature. Now it’s looking like other emissions sectors are becoming important. That wasn’t really possible before.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing regulations employing the “good neighbor” provision of the Clean Air Act to reduce interstate transport of upwind state emissions from power generation that contribute to air quality problems in downwind states. NO x emissions would drop by 52%.
According to Forbes , studies have found that solar and wind power is often cheaper than power from fossil fuels, even without financial assistance, and their daily operations undercut even the most cost-effective coal plants. It uses the power of wind pushing turbines to collect energy.
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