Emissions, Exhaust and Universal

NASA selects four university teams for aviation projects; eliminating emissions and autonomy research

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2021

NASA has selected four university-led teams for potential awards in the agency’s University Leadership Initiative (ULI) that will have them spend up to five years exploring novel ideas for improving aviation, including eliminating emissions and autonomy research in support of Advanced Air Mobility. Florida State University.

Universal

Universal Emissions Georgia Florida

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The Health Effects Institute (HEI) has launched two new studies funded under RFA 21-1, Quantifying Real-World Impacts of Non-Tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions. The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Chalmers study finds ship exhaust gas scrubbers responsible for up to 9% of certain hazardous emissions into Baltic Sea

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2022

New research from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, finds that the discharge water from ships’ exhaust gas treatment systems—i.e., scrubbers—is responsible for up to 9% of certain emissions of carcinogenic and environmentally harmful substances in the Baltic Sea—considerably more than was previously known.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Mariner Gas

Audi Abandoning Fake Exhaust Pipes

The Truth About Cars

JULY 19, 2024

A prime example of this is companies quieting down exhaust noises and piping simulated sounds into the cabin. This has gradually evolved into automakers hiding the exhaust ports altogether, sometimes replacing them with plastic veneers that do nothing while looking the part. But Western shoppers have proven likely to tolerate it.

Exhaust

Exhaust Audi Fuel Economy Motorcycles

Study links exposure to diesel exhaust particles to pneumococcal disease susceptibility

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 26, 2020

Researchers from the University of Liverpool, Queen Mary University, London and Trinity College Dublin have linked exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) to susceptibility to pneumococcal disease. What we did not know however, was how pollution, such as diesel exhaust particles, actually causes airway disease.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Insight

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2023

A new study by researchers from Washington State University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has found that a catalyst using a single or just a few palladium atoms removed 90% of unburned methane from natural gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. The work is published in the journal Nature Catalysis.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Gas Carbon

Researchers capture first images of CO2 emissions from commercial aircraft engine using chemical species tomography

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2022

Researchers have used a novel near-infrared light imaging technique to capture the first cross-sectional images of carbon dioxide in the exhaust plume of a commercial jet engine. Image Credit: Gordon Humphries, University of Strathclyde. Image Credit: Abhishek Upadhyay, University of Strathclyde. —Michael Lengden.

Commercial

Commercial Engine Emissions CO2

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2019

Catalytic converters have been used in the US since the 1970s as a way to clean up pollutants from vehicle exhaust. As cars have become more fuel-efficient, however, they use less energy and the temperature of the exhaust gases is lower, which makes it harder to clean up the pollutants. —Yong Wang.

Exhaust

Exhaust Pollution Convert New Mexico

ClearFlame Engine Technologies partners with Alto Ingredients to demo ethanol-fueled MCCI in heavy-duty diesels; high efficiency, low emissions

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2021

ClearFlame anticipates its engine running on ethanol can reduce GHG vehicle emissions by more than 45% and offer an estimated 15-30% TCO savings when compared with a diesel-fueled solution. ClearFlame uses soot-free “Clear” Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to maintain this ratio under varying load conditions. Blumreiter, J., Johnson, B.,

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Engine Fuel

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

This research, published in the journal Separation and Purification Technology , shows that ozone can be used to remove not only SO x but also NO x from fossil fuel combustion exhaust streams. In this study, to improve absorption performance of SO 2 and NO 2 , we added ozone in exhaust gas. 2018.12.077.

Exhaust

Exhaust Ozone Japan Diesel

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

CAT-DEF—Catalyzed Diesel Exhaust Fluid—is an SwRI-developed catalyst- and surfactant-modified diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) solution. The internally funded advancement successfully reduced heavy-duty diesel engine nitrogen oxide (NO x ) emissions to meet the California Air Resources Board (CARB) 2027 standards.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine

Researchers develop effective exhaust catalyst for lower temperature exhaust

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2017

To improve fuel efficiency, advanced combustion engines are being designed to minimize the amount of waste heat in the exhaust. As a result, future generations of exhaust after-treatment catalysts must perform at temperatures that are 100 °C lower than current catalysts. —Nie et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust New Mexico Mexico Washington

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

A new study provides the most detailed picture available to date of the global, regional, and local health impacts attributable to emissions from four transportation subsectors: on-road diesel vehicles; other on-road vehicles; shipping; and non-road mobile engines such as agricultural and construction equipment. of global ambient PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

Bath University and SAIC Motor team up to investigate gasoline particulate filter performance

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 19, 2018

The University of Bath and SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre are collaborating on a project to identify the most efficient conditions for the optimum performance of gasoline particulate filters (GPFs), to help minimize vehicle impact on the environment.

Universal

Universal Gasoline Motoring Motor

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. Non-exhaust PM factors include tire wear, brake wear, road surface wear and resuspension of road dust. earlier post ). Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2023

A study by researchers at the University of Birmingham in the UK has found that while Diesel Oxidation Catalysts (DOCs) and Diesel Particle Filters (DPFs) has been very effective in controlling the tailpipe emissions of solid particles, there has been little change in the liquid mode ( 104 cm −3 /24-hour mean) defined by WHO.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel London Environment

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

Cars That Think

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Although the pollutant emissions of a diesel engine are less than those of a gasoline one, it still emits carcinogens, nitrous oxides, and soot. Older models don’t even have the emission-control features that newer ones do. To reduce emissions, diesel vehicles use filters that catch exhaust particles and other contaminants.

Carbon

Carbon Diesel Emissions Bangladesh

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2019

Long-term residential exposure to locally emitted black carbon (BC) from traffic exhaust increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and other universities in Sweden. g/m 3 ) of black carbon from traffic exhaust, the risk of stroke increased by 4%.

Exhaust

Exhaust Carbon Pollution Universal

International consortium working on new sensor technology to measure real-world, in-use vehicle emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

As part of the Horizon 2020 research project CARES (City Air Remote Emission Sensing), an international research consortium is working on new contactless exhaust measurement methods that will enable municipalities to take emission-reducing measures. AUTh (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; GR). Airyx Gmbh (DE).

International

International Emissions Vehicles Exhaust

Study links deterioration of concrete and asphalt to trace quantities of organic matter; diesel exhaust, windshield washer fluids

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2021

A team of scientists from six institutions, including Akihiro Moriyoshi, Emeritus Professor Hokkaido University, have found that the presence of Trace Quantities of Organic Matter (TQOM) in modern concrete structures and asphalt pavements drive the deterioration of these structures.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Water Maintenance

Monash study on solar-driven electrolysis for green hydrogen production cautions on life-cycle emissions and EROI

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2021

Researchers at Monash University in Australia have conducted a lifecycle analysis and net energy analysis (LCA/NEA) of a hypothetical large-scale solar-electrolysis plant for the production of green hydrogen. There is no immediate concern for copper resources, but the average ore grade is declining as higher grade deposits become exhausted.

Solar

Solar Hydrogen Emissions Production

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2021

“Blue” hydrogen—produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas or coal gasification, but with CO 2 capture and storage—is being described as having low or zero carbon emissions. Carbon dioxide emissions, including emissions from developing, processing, and transporting the fuels, are shown in orange.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Gas Coal Exhaust

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

Study finds total PM10 emissions from EVs equal to those of modern ICEVs; role of weight and non-exhaust PM

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

A new study by a team from the University of Edinburgh and independent engineering company INNAS BV has found that, when factoring in the additional weight and non-exhaust PM factors, total PM 10 emissions from electric vehicles (EVs) are equal to those of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Click to enlarge.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Gasoline-Electric 2016

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 3, 2021

The US Department of Energy (DOE) announced $35 million in funding for twelve projects focused on developing technologies to reduce methane emissions in the oil, gas, and coal industries. This would simultaneously reduce methane emissions and improve engine efficiency. Natural Gas Engines. Selection amount: $3,257,089).

Gas

Gas Emissions Engine Coal

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2017

A chemical engineer from the University of Houston is leading a $2.1-million million project to find new catalytic materials that work at lower exhaust temperatures, allowing automakers to build vehicles that operate more efficiently while retaining the ability to clean emissions before they leave the tailpipe.

Houston

Houston Exhaust Engine Chrysler

Study suggests some filtering of particulates from diesel exhaust may worsen allergy-induced lung impairment due to increase in NO2

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2019

Air pollution from diesel engines may worsen allergy-induced lung impairment more when tiny particles are filtered from the exhaust than when they are not, according to new research published online in the American Thoracic Society’s American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Canada

SJTU team investigating ammonia HCCI combustion in free piston engine

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 13, 2023

Researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University are investigating ammonia-fueled HCCI combustion in a free piston engine. Ammonia is a promising carbon–neutral fuel, able to power heavy-duty vehicles, non-road machineries and ocean ships with zero CO 2 emission. They then applied various asymmetric piston trajectories in the model.

Engine

Engine Exhaust Emissions Fuel

Study finds particulates from auxiliary vehicle heaters can be up to 1000 times higher than from idling gasoline engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2021

Researchers from Tampere University and the University of Eastern Finland have found that the particulate emissions of auxiliary heaters can be up to a thousand times higher than the particulate emissions of idling gasoline vehicles. Their open-access study is published in the journal Atmosphere. Karjalainen et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Finland Exhaust

Auburn University leads $2M DOE Co-Optima project to evaluate renewable butyl acetate as diesel fuel additive

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2018

Auburn University researchers are leading a $2-million US Department of Energy Co-Optima project ( earlier post ) that will evaluate renewable butyl acetate (BA) as a bio-based fuel additive that can be blended with diesel fuel to reduce soot and greenhouse gas emissions and yield cleaner engine operation in cold-weather conditions.

Universal

Universal Diesel Renewable Fuel

Swiss team finds particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines at ground-idle induce oxidative stress in bronchial cells

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

In a study on the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells, Swiss researchers have found that cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. Image: University of Bern /SR Technics Switzerland AG. Turbine engine in the testing facility (not running).

Engine

Engine Emissions Switzerland Gasoline

Researchers find isolated Pd atoms efficient low-temperature catalysts to convert CO in automotive exhaust

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2014

-alumina supports along with a small amount of lanthanum oxide can efficiently turn the carbon monoxide in automotive exhaust into carbon dioxide at temperatures as low as 40 ?Celsius, of Chemical and Biological Engineering at the University of new Mexico. C as a target for achieving removal of pollutants from exhaust.

Exhaust

Exhaust Convert New Mexico F-150

ARPA-E awarding $10M to 5 projects in PRE-TRAILS topic; contrail prevention

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2023

Condensation trails—commonly known as contrails—occur when aircraft exhaust water mixes with cold, surrounding humid air at high altitude. Under certain specific atmospheric conditions, engine exhaust can cause the formation of long-lived contrails. Earlier post.)

Exhaust

Exhaust Water Emissions Corporation

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. An improved version of the device eliminated 93% of particulate matter emissions.

Exhaust

Exhaust EPA Design Pollution

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough. McGilvery, Sheng Hu, Milo SP. Shaffer, Sara J.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Guinea

Study measures the effect of regional change in clouds caused by ships’ emissions; masking GHG warming

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2020

This puffy line is not just exhaust from the engine, but a change in the clouds that’s caused by small airborne particles of pollution. New research led by the University of Washington (UW) is the first to measure this phenomenon’s effect over years and at a regional scale. Michael Diamond/University of Washington.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution 2003 Mariner

ETI, Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey & Caterpillar launch £4.5M project to improve effectiveness of SCR aftertreatment systems for heavy-duty vehicles

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2013

The UK public-private partnership Energy Technologies Institute (ETI), Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey and Caterpillar have launched a new £4.5-million The project aims to help HDV fuel efficiency by developing a more efficient exhaust aftertreatment system. —Loughborough University Professor Graham Hargrave.

Universal

Universal Exhaust Mariner Vehicles

Empa and partners exploring DME as fuel with new heavy-duty test engine

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2020

An electrically driven compressor for precise exhaust gas recirculation is also used. Then we modify the timing and pressure of the injection, among other things, and look at exhaust emission values and fuel consumption. This is done via exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). —Patrik Soltic.

Engine

Engine Fuel Exhaust Gas-Electric

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2011

A European study lead by scientists at the University of Edinburgh (UK) has found that the combustion-derived ultrafine particles from diesel fuel are the predominant mediators of the adverse effects—harming blood vessels and increasing the chances of blood clots forming in arteries, leading to a heart attack or stroke.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Emissions

UK consortium developing biogas and hydrogen dual-fuel Class 66 locomotive

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2021

The project is also supported by Network Rail, Tarmac, Rail Safety Standards Board (RSSB), Flogas, Carrickarory and the University of Birmingham. Exhaust emissions will be assessed in line with the latest RSSB guidance to understand both the baseline conditions and the impact of dual-fuelling for both hydrogen and biogas.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Fuel Clean Cleaning

ClearFlame Engine Technologies secures $17M in Series A financing

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2021

The company’s engine technology enables low-carbon, renewable fuels such as ethanol to be integrated easily into existing diesel engine platforms, offering a lower-emission, lower-cost solution than diesel fuel. ClearFlame uses soot-free “Clear” Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to maintain this ratio under varying load conditions.

Financing

Financing Engine Iowa Diesel

NASA selects four university teams for aviation projects; eliminating emissions and autonomy research

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Chalmers study finds ship exhaust gas scrubbers responsible for up to 9% of certain hazardous emissions into Baltic Sea

Audi Abandoning Fake Exhaust Pipes

Study links exposure to diesel exhaust particles to pneumococcal disease susceptibility

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

Researchers capture first images of CO2 emissions from commercial aircraft engine using chemical species tomography

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

ClearFlame Engine Technologies partners with Alto Ingredients to demo ethanol-fueled MCCI in heavy-duty diesels; high efficiency, low emissions

Japan, China researchers develop plasma-assisted MnO2 filter that produces zero-NO2, -SO2 diesel exhaust

SwRI CAT-DEF reduces heavy-duty diesel emissions to meet CARB 2027 NOx requirements

Researchers develop effective exhaust catalyst for lower temperature exhaust

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Bath University and SAIC Motor team up to investigate gasoline particulate filter performance

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

U Birmingham study finds DPFs have limited impact on ultrafine particle emissions

A Bamboo Carbon Filter for Diesels Could Reduce Emissions

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

International consortium working on new sensor technology to measure real-world, in-use vehicle emissions

Study links deterioration of concrete and asphalt to trace quantities of organic matter; diesel exhaust, windshield washer fluids

Monash study on solar-driven electrolysis for green hydrogen production cautions on life-cycle emissions and EROI

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Study finds total PM10 emissions from EVs equal to those of modern ICEVs; role of weight and non-exhaust PM

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

DOE awards $35M to 12 ARPA-E projects to reduce methane emissions; 5 on natural gas engines

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

Study suggests some filtering of particulates from diesel exhaust may worsen allergy-induced lung impairment due to increase in NO2

SJTU team investigating ammonia HCCI combustion in free piston engine

Study finds particulates from auxiliary vehicle heaters can be up to 1000 times higher than from idling gasoline engines

Auburn University leads $2M DOE Co-Optima project to evaluate renewable butyl acetate as diesel fuel additive

Swiss team finds particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines at ground-idle induce oxidative stress in bronchial cells

Researchers find isolated Pd atoms efficient low-temperature catalysts to convert CO in automotive exhaust

ARPA-E awarding $10M to 5 projects in PRE-TRAILS topic; contrail prevention

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Study measures the effect of regional change in clouds caused by ships’ emissions; masking GHG warming

ETI, Loughborough University, Johnson Matthey & Caterpillar launch £4.5M project to improve effectiveness of SCR aftertreatment systems for heavy-duty vehicles

Empa and partners exploring DME as fuel with new heavy-duty test engine

Study identifies combustion-derived nanoparticles in diesel exhaust as the predominant mediator for adverse cardiovascular events

UK consortium developing biogas and hydrogen dual-fuel Class 66 locomotive

ClearFlame Engine Technologies secures $17M in Series A financing

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