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In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaustemissions ( earlier post ). —Emissions Analytics. Quoting such ratios, however, needs careful interpretation.
Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.
After a week-long meeting of an expert working group, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is part of the World Health Organization (WHO), classified diesel engine exhaust (DEE) as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on sufficient evidence that exposure is associated with an increased risk for lung cancer.
The SL 43 features an M139 in-line two-liter, four-cylinder gasoline engine with an electric exhaust gas turbocharger—used for the first time in a production vehicle. The electric exhaust gas turbocharger is a fascinating example of the extensive transfer between Formula 1 technology and the development of production vehicles.
The effects of gasoline ratio on indicated thermal efficiency of HCII and GDBF modes. Researchers at Tsinghua University have compared the combustion and emissions characteristics of two dual-fuel (diesel-gasoline) modes intended to integrate the advantages of both fuels to achieve high thermal efficiency and low emission targets.
In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al. —Cliff et al.
Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) announced preliminary test results of its Dedicated-Exhaust Gas Recirculation (D-EGR) demonstration vehicle ( earlier post ) at the SAE 2014 World Congress in Detroit. liter gasoline direct injection engine. Terry Alger, assistant director in SwRI’s Engine, Emissions and Vehicle Research Division.
In a paper presented at the 2019 Vienna Motor Symposium this week, Delphi Technologies will unveil a new 500+ bar GDi system that can reduce particulate emissions by up to 50% compared to state-of-the-art 350 bar system without expensive engine design modifications. —Walter Piock, chief engineer, Gasoline Systems, Delphi Technologies.
Cost of the new engine relative to gasoline baseline. So far, Ruth noted, the new engine has achieved target engine-out emissions (EOE), performance and fuel economy; aftertreatment catalyst performance has met or exceeded the targeted conversion rates, enabling an increased allowance on engine out HC. Earlier post.). Source: Cummins.
IAV has developed a particularly closed-coupled diesel exhaust gas aftertreatment (EAT) system. A key contribution to this performance must come from the exhaust gas aftertreatment system—across the entire speed and load range. This way, exhaust gas flows through DOC and SCRF before it enters the turbine. Click to enlarge.
A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. An improved version of the device eliminated 93% of particulate matter emissions.
A study by a team from UC Riverside has assessed the potential of increasing ethanol content in California reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) by investigating the exhaustemissions from a fleet of 20 Tier 3 light-duty vehicles. Acetaldehyde and ethanol emissions responded strongly with ethanol across the fleet of 20 vehicles.
GDCI engine was significantly better than advanced production spark injection gasoline engines, and comparable to very efficient hybrid vehicle engines at their best efficiency conditions (214 g/kWh). They found that at all loads, GDCI was remarkably clean, with the potential for no aftertreatment for NO x and particulate emissions.
Opel revealed more details about its new mid-size gasoline engine family at the Aachen Colloquium in Germany. CO 2 emissions and fuel consumption have been cut by 13% compared to the predecessor engine, while peak torque and peak power have been increased by up to 33%. Earlier post.) The all-new 1.6-liter,
ExxonMobil, Corning and Toyota have collaborated to develop an Onboard Separation System (OBS) to optimize gasoline engine efficiency and performance. The novel polymer-ceramic composite monolith membrane has been demonstrated to be stable to E10 gasoline, and typically provides 20% yield of ?100 —Partridge et al. The OBS system.
Hybrid Electric Turbocharger for Exhaust Energy Recovery and Transient Lag Reduction. NO x Sensor for Diesel Engine Emissions Systems. Additionally, NexTech has demonstrated the ability to tune their sensor technology to also detect and report on ammonia (NH 3 ) emissions. A Novel Exhaust after Treatment Catalyst.
The engine of the quasi-monovalent drive system is powered primarily with CNG (Compressed Natural Gas), but can also run on gasoline. The Golf TGI is also equipped with a gasoline tank with a useful capacity of 9 liters (2.4 kg of natural gas per 100 kilometers in combination with CO 2 emissions of 117–111 g/km. The new 1.5L
Petrobras launched new regular and premium ultra-low-sulfur gasoline throughout Brazil on 1 January 2014, entirely replacing the previous regular and premium gasoline. California, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and several other countries have gasoline sulfur limits of 10 ppm. Earlier post.). Click to enlarge. billion (US$8.7
The University of Bath and SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre are collaborating on a project to identify the most efficient conditions for the optimum performance of gasoline particulate filters (GPFs), to help minimize vehicle impact on the environment.
Within the scope of an agreement signed in November 2017 ( earlier post ), Eni and FCA have developed “A20”, a new fuel with a low level of emissions due to its 15% methanol and 5% bio-ethanol alcohol content. An initial test run of five Fiat 500s from the Eni Enjoy fleet in Milan ended successfully a few weeks ago.
At SAE World Congress next week in Detroit, Delphi Automotive will present two technical papers describing its ongoing progress with the Gasoline Direct-Injection Compression-Ignition (GDCI) engine concept. To avoid efficiency-compromising CO emissions, combustion must occur in the region 0 Source: Sellnau et al. Source: Sellnau et al.
FTP cycle-weighted tailpipe emissions of N 2 O, NO x , and the sum of NMOG and NO x. The minimum in NO x and NMOG emissions for midlevel ethanol blends points to future opportunities for emission reductions from FFVs. Credit: ACS, Hubbard et al. Click to enlarge. E40); and the new range for high-level ethanol blends (E55, E80).
The result is a set of usable conversion factors for distance-based CO 2 emissions among the different driving cycles. For the study, the ICCT team simulated CO 2 and efficiency results over the test cycles for a variety of vehicle and technology packages using a vehicle emission model developed by Ricardo Engineering. Source: ICCT.
The ORNL team conducted engine experiments with both 91 RON E10 gasoline and liquified petroleum gas (LPG). 1) with cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and high compression ratio (13.3:1 1 for LPG only) improved engine efficiency by up to 30% compared with a production turbocharged gasoline direct injection spark ignition engine.
In a study on the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells, Swiss researchers have found that cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. The study also showed that the cytotoxic effect is only to some extent comparable to that of particles from gasoline and diesel engines.
Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. Non-exhaust PM factors include tire wear, brake wear, road surface wear and resuspension of road dust. earlier post ). Background.
Operation with natural gas or biomethane makes the compact model economical and more climate-friendly with low emissions. Its turbocharger with variable turbine geometry makes optimal use of the exhaust gas energy for early and harmonious torque development. Lower costs, lower emissions. The A3 Sportback 30 g-tron 1.5
drop-in biohydrocarbons) could offer an option to achieve a high-bioenergy-content gasoline that is compatible with conventional gasoline-fueled cars (i.e., those limited to a 10% ethanol blend) without a significant change in emissions. Neste Oil provided the renewable gasoline component. The batch used was a C 5 ?C
A team at the University of Birmingham reports that a blend of 33% v/v of butanol in EN228 commercial gasoline containing 5% of ethanol (B33) reduces GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine-out carbonaceous emissions, while maintaining similar levels of NO x emissions when compared to standard gasoline combustion at low and medium engine loads.
Researchers from Tampere University and the University of Eastern Finland have found that the particulate emissions of auxiliary heaters can be up to a thousand times higher than the particulate emissions of idling gasoline vehicles. Their open-access study is published in the journal Atmosphere.
Honda is developing a Homogeneous Lean Charge Spark Ignition (HLSI) combustion engine as one of the key elements in its technology roadmap for a higher thermal efficiency gasoline engine. A great deal of research has been conducted on lean burn as an effective means of increasing the efficiency of gasoline engines. Click to enlarge.
Tenneco is leveraging its expertise in diesel particulate filter (DPF) technology to develop gasoline particulate filters for 2017 model year light vehicles. Gasoline particulate filters effectively control particulate emissions under all operating conditions.
A new study by a team from the University of Edinburgh and independent engineering company INNAS BV has found that, when factoring in the additional weight and non-exhaust PM factors, total PM 10 emissions from electric vehicles (EVs) are equal to those of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Click to enlarge.
Corning Incorporated’s Environmental Technologies business reached a significant production milestone at its Kaiserslautern, Germany manufacturing facility with the production of its 1 millionth Corning DuraTrap GC gasoline particulate filter (GPF) for automotive emissions control.
CVVD optimizes both engine performance and fuel efficiency while reducing emissions. The technology cuts emissions by 12%. T-GDi Engine, a four-cylinder gasoline turbo unit with 180 horsepower and 27.0 Unveiled alongside the new CVVD technology was the new Smartstream G1.6 kgm (265 N·m) of torque.
Under this same operating condition with stoichiometric engine exhaust (and no reforming), they could only sustain stable combustion with EGR under 25%. We’ve created a systematic approach that addresses that issue and can be used with conventional fuels and conventional emissions controls. —Jim Szybist, ORNL. Earlier post.]
A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for ExhaustEmission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6
Volkswagen has developed and deployed a gasoline engine that offers diesel-like fuel economy but is significantly cheaper to buy. This enables further reduced fuel consumption and emission levels plus powerful torque even at low engine speeds. Compared with other gasoline engines, the intake valves of the 1.5
As a back-up, both models come with a gasoline tank – albeit a much smaller version. kg natural gas over 100 kilometers, and CO 2 emissions of just 98–95 g/km. 1, to increase efficiency and decrease CO 2 emissions. Driving in CNG mode produces around 25% fewer CO 2 emissions than with gasoline. On the Polo with 1.0
The powertrain range for the Estate, which includes diesel, gasoline and hybrid options, features a new 1.6-liter The new Estate’s gasoline and diesel engines with ECO start/stop function comply with the Euro 6 emissions standards. An overhead camshaft actuates two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. l/100 km (54.7
Hydrogen: not a stand-in for gasoline. As I watched this, I started to believe that there is actually enormous potential in the characteristics unique to hydrogen engines instead of simply treating it as a substitute for gasoline. —Yamaha President Hidaka at the Nov 2021 venue. —Takeshi Yamada.
A new report by the UK’s Office for National Statistics (ONS) finds that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from road transport in the UK rose by 6% from 1990 to 2017. The increase—albeit lower than the increase in road traffic—highlights the significant challenge in reducing emissions from road transport, the report says.
liter, direct and port fueled injection, inline 4-cylinder gasoline engine commonly used in the Camry line of vehicles. The “Dynamic Force Engine” achieves one of the world’s best thermal efficiencies of 40% in gasoline powered vehicles according to Toyota.
Overall, the company says, it intends to continue to work to conserve energy by improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions, and by diversifying fuel sources by encouraging the use of electricity, hydrogen and other alternative energies. Gasoline engines. liter AR gasoline engine. overall TMC product lineup. Diesel engines.
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