Conversion, Study and Water

Study finds direct seawater splitting has substantial drawbacks to conventional water splitting, offers almost no advantage

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2021

A study by a team of researchers from Technische Universität Berlin (TUB) and Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft has found that direct seawater splitting for hydrogen production has substantial drawbacks compared to conventional water splitting and offers almost no advantage. Diess et al.

Water

Water Hydrogen Store Wind

Stanford researchers make ammonia from air and water microdroplets

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2023

Stanford researchers, with a colleague from King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, have developed a simple and environmentally sound way to make ammonia with tiny droplets of water and nitrogen from the air. The conversion rate reaches 32.9 ± 1.38 Water microdroplets are the hydrogen source for N 2 in contact with Fe 3 O 4.

Water

Water F-150 Low Cost Gas-Electric

Researchers develop highly efficient organometal halide perovskite photoelectrodes for water splitting

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2023

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting based on solar energy is one promising approach for the production of green hydrogen. However, its widespread application is limited by a lack of efficient photoanodes for catalyzing the rate-limiting oxygen evolution reaction (OER), an important reaction in PEC water splitting.

Water

Water Hydrogen Conversion Solar

Photocatalytic optical fibers convert water into hydrogen

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2020

Researchers at the University of Southampton have transformed optical fibers into photocatalytic microreactors that convert water into hydrogen fuel using solar energy. The researchers have published their proof-of-concept in ACS Photonics and will now establish wider studies that demonstrate the scalability of the platform.

Water

Water Convert Hydrogen Solar

Israeli team develops decoupled PEC water-splitting system for centralized production of H2

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2020

Researchers in Israel have designed a separate-cell photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting system with decoupled hydrogen and oxygen cells for centralized hydrogen production. A paper describing their system is publishedin the journal Joule. The hydrogen cell contains the cathode, and it is physically separated from the oxygen cell.

Water

Water Production Hydrogen Solar

Cambridge researchers develop standalone device that makes formic acid from sunlight, CO2 and water

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2020

Researchers at the University of Cambridge, with colleagues at the University of Tokyo, have developed a standalone device that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into formic acid, a carbon-neutral fuel, without requiring any additional components or electricity. —senior author Professor Erwin Reisner. Qian Wang et al.

Water

Water CO2 Solar Convert

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. For gasoline, the study reflects the US context in which crude oil is to a large extent imported and refined domestically.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Pollution

ReactWell licenses ORNL catalyst for direct conversion of CO2 to ethanol

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2019

ReactWell , LLC, has licensed a novel waste-to-fuel technology from the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory to improve energy conversion methods for cleaner, more efficient oil and gas, chemical and bioenergy production. —Brandon Iglesias, inventor of the ReactWell process.

Conversion

Conversion CO2 Carbon Convert

Toyota and DIFFER partner on direct solar production of hydrogen from humid air, rather than water

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 13, 2019

The Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research ( DIFFER ) is partnering with Toyota Motor Europe (TME) to develop a device that absorbs water vapor, and splits it into hydrogen and oxygen directly using solar energy. Over the last year, DIFFER and TME demonstrated in a joint feasibility study that the envisioned principle works.

Water

Water Hydrogen Solar Toyota

Bio-inspired molybdenum sulfide catalyst offers low-cost and efficient photo-electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2011

The optimized photo-electrochemical water splitting device uses light absorbers made of silicon arranged in closely packed pillars, dotted with tiny clusters of the new molybdenum sulfide catalyst. An alternative, clean method is to make hydrogen fuel from sunlight and water via a photo-electrochemical (PEC, or water-splitting) process.

Water

Water Hydrogen Low Cost Denmark

Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop efficient and stable plasmonic water splitter; potential alternative to semiconductor-based solar conversion

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2013

Researchers at UC Santa Barbara have developed an efficient, autonomous solar water-splitting device based on a gold nanorod array in which essentially all charge carriers involved in the oxidation and reduction steps arise from the hot electrons resulting from the excitation of surface plasmons in the nanostructured gold (plasmonic water-splitter).

Water

Water Solar Conversion Hydrogen

High-entropy oxide as high-activity electrocatalyst for water oxidation

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2023

Researchers from the University of Twente in The Netherlands have developed a new high-entropy perovskite oxide (HEO) as a high-activity electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER)—the key kinetically limiting half-reaction in several electrochemical energy conversion technologies, including green hydrogen generation.

Water

Water Hydrogen Netherlands USA

PNNL study uncovers role of water in forming impurity in bio-oil upgrading; insight into fundamentals of biofuel catalysis

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2014

In working to elucidate the chemistry of hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) for the catalytic upgrading of pyrolytic bio-oil to fuel-grade products, researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have discovered that water in the conversion process helps form an impurity which, in turn, slows down key chemical reactions.

Water

Water Oil Insight San Francisco

Argonne team combines two protein complexes to make hydrogen fuel from water

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2019

Researchers from the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory have combined two membrane-bound protein complexes to perform a complete conversion of water molecules to hydrogen and oxygen. An open-access paper describing their work is published in the journal Chemical Science. —Utschig et al.

Water

Water Hydrogen Fuel Solar

IISA study proposes using airships for efficient cargo or hydrogen transportation

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2019

Reintroducing airships into the world’s transportation mix could contribute to lowering the transport sector’s carbon emissions and can play a role in establishing a sustainable hydrogen based economy, according to a new IIASA-led study. The open-access paper is published in the journal Energy Conversion and Management: X.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Transportation Water Conversion

Kobe team develops method for highly efficient hydrogen production using sunlight, water and hematite

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2020

A research group led by Associate Professor Takashi Tachikawa of Kobe University’s Molecular Photoscience Research Center has developed a strategy that greatly increases the amount of hydrogen produced from sunlight and water using hematite (??Fe Mesocrystal photoanode formation and photochemical water splitting characteristics.

Water

Water Hydrogen Production Solar

Researchers develop free-standing nanowire mesh for direct solar water-splitting to produce H2; new design for “artificial leaf”

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 3, 2014

The mesh with BiVO 4 nanowire photoanode for water oxidation and Rh-SrTiO 3 nanowire photocathode for water reduction produces hydrogen gas without an electron mediator. When immersed in water with visible light irradiation (? ? In the present study, we developed a new architecture for direct solar water-splitting.

Water

Water Solar Design Singapore

U Oregon team advances effectiveness of catalytic water dissociation in bipolar membranes

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2020

Researchers at the University of Oregon have advanced the effectiveness of the catalytic water dissociation reaction in bipolar membranes. The technology behind bipolar membranes, which are layered ion-exchange polymers sandwiching a water dissociation catalyst layer, emerged in the 1950s. —Oener et al. —Shannon Boettcher.

Oregon

Oregon Water Polymer Hydrogen

STEAG and thyssenkrupp planning joint green hydrogen project

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2021

Essen-based energy company STEAG, Duisburg-based steel producer thyssenkrupp Steel and Dortmund-based thyssenkrupp Uhde Chlorine Engineers, specializing in electrolysis technology, are working on a joint feasibility study. The study will lay the basis for the subsequent project development. ©euroluftbild.de/Hans Hans Blossey.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Green Climate Economy

ASU and Argonne researchers report progress on artificial leaf for solar conversion of water to H2 and O2

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2014

Designing an artificial leaf that uses solar energy to convert water cheaply and efficiently into hydrogen and oxygen is one of the goals of BISfuel (Bio-inspired Solar fuel production)—the Energy Frontier Research Center, funded by the Department of Energy, in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Arizona State University.

Water

Water Solar Conversion Arizona

USDA provides $91M loan guarantee to Cool Planet for biogasoline blendstock plant; biomass pyrolysis and catalytic conversion

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 5, 2014

Cool Planet has devised a biomass-to-liquids thermochemical conversion process that simultaneously produces liquid fuels and sequesterable biochar useful as a soil amendment. The output from each catalytic array when cooled is comprised of volatile gases, renewable fuel and water. Earlier post.). Depending on the temperature (300 ?C

Conversion

Conversion Renewable Water Gasoline

New study finds key trade-off of algae-to-energy systems for transportation: excellent land use efficiency, but with mixed environmental burdens

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2011

The team also suggested that algae systems can be either net energy positive or negative depending on the specific combination of cultivation and conversion processes used. In this new study, reported in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , Clarens et al. Earlier post.) Arrow widths are proportional to mass flows.

Transportation

Transportation Energy Conversion Water

EPFL team develops low-cost water splitting cell with solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 12.3%

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2014

Michael Grätzel at EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) in Switzerland has developed a highly efficient and low-cost water-splitting cell combining an advanced perovskite tandem solar cell and a bi-functional Earth-abundant catalyst. conversion efficiency from solar energy to hydrogen, a record with earth-abundant materials.

Low Cost

Low Cost Water Solar Hydrogen

GWU team uses one-pot process to co-generate H2 and solid carbon from water and CO2; solar fuels

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2014

One-pot electrolytic process produces H 2 and solid carbon from water and CO 2. In this study, they focused on the electrolysis component for STEP fuel, producing hydrogen and graphitic carbon from water and carbon dioxide. In this study, we focus on the electrolysis component for STEP fuel. Click to enlarge.

Water

Water Carbon Solar Fuel

DOE awards $22.1M to 10 nuclear technology projects including clean hydrogen production

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2023

This project will complete key engineering design and demonstration tests to enable cost-competitive, carbon-neutral production of synthetic jet fuel and diesel using nuclear energy from existing light water reactors.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Molten Salt Clean Cleaning

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

Based on visual interpretation of high-resolution (30 m) satellite images, a new study in the journal Global Change Biology: Bioenergy determined that industrial plantations covered over 3.1 That number is in my opinion conservative, and consistent with a slight reduction in the rate of peat conversion. —Miettinen et al.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate

Study shows bamboo ethanol in China technically and economically feasible, cost-competitive with gasoline

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 1, 2013

An open access paper on their study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels. The complex physical and chemical interactions between these components prevent enzymes from readily accessing the microfibrillar cellulose during the saccharification stage of its conversion into biofuel. —Littlewood et al. Littlewood et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline China Tax London

Kobe team’s hematite mesocrystal photocatalyst simultaneously produces hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2022

Using a hematite photocatalyst, a team led by researchers from Kobe University has succeeded in producing both hydrogen gas and hydrogen peroxide at the same time from sunlight and water. Recently, they have succeeded in increasing the light energy conversion efficiency by applying this technology to hematite (?-Fe under 600nm).

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Water Conversion Solar

Study finds perennial biofuel crops’ water consumption similar to corn

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2015

A study by a team from the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) has found that perennial biofuel crops’ evapotranspiration does not differ greatly from corn. Land conversion to biofuel production is an example of a potential large-scale land cover change. —Hamilton et al.

Water

Water Climate Change Climate Environment

Swansea team develops faster, greener way of producing carbon spheres

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 29, 2020

storage and conversion, catalysis, gas adsorption and storage, drug and enzyme delivery, and water treatment. Over the past decade they have begun to play an important role in areas such as energy storage and conversion, catalysis, gas adsorption and storage, drug and enzyme delivery, and water treatment. at 0 °C and 2.9

Carbon

Carbon Conversion Cheap Water

Study projects regional climate effects from ramping up Brazil sugarcane production

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2013

Conversion of large swaths of Brazilian land for sugar plantations will help the country meet its needs for producing cane-derived ethanol, but it also could lead to regional climate effects, according to a team of researchers from Arizona State University, Stanford University and the Carnegie Institution for Science. millimeters per day.

Brazil

Brazil Climate Production Conversion

Study finds mallee-based renewable jet fuel viable and sustainable

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2014

A two-year study commissioned by Airbus and partners including Virgin Australia in 2012 into the practicability of using Australia’s mallee trees to make biofuels suitable for powering passenger jets ( earlier post ) has reported encouraging results. John McGrath, CRC Research Director.

Renewable

Renewable Fuel Australia Water

PNNL team develops new low-cost method to convert captured CO2 to methane

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2021

By using a water-lean post-combustion capture solvent, (N-(2-ethoxyethyl)-3-morpholinopropan-1-amine) (2-EEMPA), they achieved a greater than 90% conversion of captured CO 2 to hydrocarbons—mostly methane—in the presence of a heterogenous Ru catalyst under relatively mild reaction conditions (170 °C and 2 pressure).

Convert

Convert Low Cost CO2 Conversion

PNNL team develops least costly to date carbon capture system with conversion to methanol

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2023

The new PNNL carbon capture and conversion system brings the cost to capture CO 2 down to about $39 per metric ton. This is the first known demonstration of integrated low-temperature thermocatalytic capture and conversion of CO 2 to methanol in an economically viable CO 2 capture solvent. gal ($470/metric ton), is presented.

Conversion

Conversion Carbon Cleaner CO2

NSF/DOE partnership to award up to $18M for H2 production via advanced solar water-splitting technologies; separate DOE solicitation

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2013

A key benefit of this joint effort is the direct coordination of NSF-funded use-inspired basic research and EERE-funded applied R&D toward the development of cost-effective large-scale systems for the low-carbon production of hydrogen through advanced solar water-splitting technologies.

Water

Water Solar Production Hydrogen

Researchers develop efficient single-atom Ni catalyst for conversion of CO2 to CO

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2018

While Ni metal catalyzes the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) exclusively under CO 2 RR conditions, Ni single atomic sites present a high CO selectivity of 95% under an overpotential of 550 mV in water, and an excellent stability over 20 hours’ continuous electrolysis. The current density can be scaled up to more than 50 mA cm?2

Conversion

Conversion CO2 Convert Water

Argonne LCA study finds many alternative fuels consume more water than petroleum and natural gas fuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have analyzed the water consumption for transportation fuels in the United States using an extended lifecycle system boundary that includes the water embedded in intermediate processing steps. Increases in population, energy and food demand now strain previously abundant sources of water.

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels Water Fuel Gas

UW Madison team develops streamlined process for biomass conversion to GVL for fuels and chemicals

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

Schematic representation of the integrated conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose portions of lignocellulosic biomass to furfural and GVL, using a portion of the GVL as a solvent and the remainder for conversion to butene oligomers as hydrocarbon. 80%) from direct conversion of hemicellulose in corn stover. Alonso et al.

Conversion

Conversion Fuel Convert Wisconsin

NRL researchers optimizing two-step process for synthesis of jet-fuel-range hydrocarbons from CO2

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2013

The process, reported in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels , could leverage a recently reported process, also developed by NRL, to recover CO 2 from sea water. The mechanism of the first stage first produces CO and water. The water formed in the primary reactions negatively influences catalyst activity and product selectivity.

CO2

CO2 Fuel Range Conversion

Stanford researchers develop copper-based catalyst that produces ethanol from CO at room temperature; potential for closed-loop CO2-to-fuel process

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

volts versus the reversible hydrogen electrode) in CO-saturated alkaline water. —Matthew Kanan, an assistant professor of chemistry at Stanford and coauthor of the Nature study. For the Nature study, Kanan and Li built an electrochemical cell: two electrodes placed in water saturated with carbon monoxide gas.

Fuel

Fuel CO2 Carbon Conversion

Researchers show mixotrophic fermentation process improves carbon conversion, boosting yields and reducing CO2

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2016

One way to mitigate high feedstock cost is to maximize conversion into the bioproduct of interest. This maximization, though, is limited because of the production of CO 2 during the conversion of sugar into acetyl-CoA in traditional fermentation processes. In this study, researchers tested how C. Wiedel, Jennifer Au, Maciek R.

Conversion

Conversion Carbon CO2 Oil Prices

U. Mich study: natural-gas-based ICE, BEV and FCV all show promise for environmental benefits relative to conventional ICE

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Qiang Dai and Christian Lastoskie found that BEVs and FCVs in particular offer significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, especially if carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies are implemented at the fuel conversion facilities. Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … water depletion potential (WDP).

Gas

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion

Researchers split water by altering photosynthetic machinery in plants; semi-artificial photosynthesis

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2018

A new study, led by academics at St John’s College, University of Cambridge, has used semi-artificial photosynthesis to explore new ways to produce and store solar energy. They used natural sunlight to convert water into hydrogen and oxygen using a mixture of biological components and manmade technologies. Katarzyna P.

Water

Water Solar Store Hydrogen

Study suggests energy and GHG impacts of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from CO2 are greater than impacts of existing hydrocarbon fuels

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2014

Their quantitative lifecycle assessment of the environmental merits of liquid hydrocarbon fuels produced from CO 2 , water and energy compared to alternative fuel production routes is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. R indicates reference alternatives not explicitly modeled in this study.

Fuel

Fuel Energy Solar CO2

Study finds direct seawater splitting has substantial drawbacks to conventional water splitting, offers almost no advantage

Stanford researchers make ammonia from air and water microdroplets

Researchers develop highly efficient organometal halide perovskite photoelectrodes for water splitting

Photocatalytic optical fibers convert water into hydrogen

Israeli team develops decoupled PEC water-splitting system for centralized production of H2

Cambridge researchers develop standalone device that makes formic acid from sunlight, CO2 and water

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

ReactWell licenses ORNL catalyst for direct conversion of CO2 to ethanol

Toyota and DIFFER partner on direct solar production of hydrogen from humid air, rather than water

Bio-inspired molybdenum sulfide catalyst offers low-cost and efficient photo-electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen

Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop efficient and stable plasmonic water splitter; potential alternative to semiconductor-based solar conversion

High-entropy oxide as high-activity electrocatalyst for water oxidation

PNNL study uncovers role of water in forming impurity in bio-oil upgrading; insight into fundamentals of biofuel catalysis

Argonne team combines two protein complexes to make hydrogen fuel from water

IISA study proposes using airships for efficient cargo or hydrogen transportation

Kobe team develops method for highly efficient hydrogen production using sunlight, water and hematite

Researchers develop free-standing nanowire mesh for direct solar water-splitting to produce H2; new design for “artificial leaf”

U Oregon team advances effectiveness of catalytic water dissociation in bipolar membranes

STEAG and thyssenkrupp planning joint green hydrogen project

ASU and Argonne researchers report progress on artificial leaf for solar conversion of water to H2 and O2

USDA provides $91M loan guarantee to Cool Planet for biogasoline blendstock plant; biomass pyrolysis and catalytic conversion

New study finds key trade-off of algae-to-energy systems for transportation: excellent land use efficiency, but with mixed environmental burdens

EPFL team develops low-cost water splitting cell with solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of 12.3%

GWU team uses one-pot process to co-generate H2 and solid carbon from water and CO2; solar fuels

DOE awards $22.1M to 10 nuclear technology projects including clean hydrogen production

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

Study shows bamboo ethanol in China technically and economically feasible, cost-competitive with gasoline

Kobe team’s hematite mesocrystal photocatalyst simultaneously produces hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide

Study finds perennial biofuel crops’ water consumption similar to corn

Swansea team develops faster, greener way of producing carbon spheres

Study projects regional climate effects from ramping up Brazil sugarcane production

Study finds mallee-based renewable jet fuel viable and sustainable

PNNL team develops new low-cost method to convert captured CO2 to methane

PNNL team develops least costly to date carbon capture system with conversion to methanol

NSF/DOE partnership to award up to $18M for H2 production via advanced solar water-splitting technologies; separate DOE solicitation

Researchers develop efficient single-atom Ni catalyst for conversion of CO2 to CO

Argonne LCA study finds many alternative fuels consume more water than petroleum and natural gas fuels

UW Madison team develops streamlined process for biomass conversion to GVL for fuels and chemicals

NRL researchers optimizing two-step process for synthesis of jet-fuel-range hydrocarbons from CO2

Stanford researchers develop copper-based catalyst that produces ethanol from CO at room temperature; potential for closed-loop CO2-to-fuel process

Researchers show mixotrophic fermentation process improves carbon conversion, boosting yields and reducing CO2

U. Mich study: natural-gas-based ICE, BEV and FCV all show promise for environmental benefits relative to conventional ICE

Researchers split water by altering photosynthetic machinery in plants; semi-artificial photosynthesis

Study suggests energy and GHG impacts of synthetic hydrocarbon fuels from CO2 are greater than impacts of existing hydrocarbon fuels

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