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Researchers at Stanford University have shown that porous polymer encapsulation of metal-supported catalysts can drive the selectivity of CO 2 conversion to hydrocarbons. The research team encapsulated a supported Ru/TiO 2 catalyst within the polymer layers of an imine-based porous organic polymer that controls its selectivity.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a promising new conversion-type cathode and electrolyte system that replaces expensive metals and traditional liquid electrolyte with lower cost transition metal fluorides and a solid polymer electrolyte. A paper on their work is published in the journal Nature Materials.
The new material is a porous coordination polymer (PCP, also known as MOF; metal-organic framework), a framework consisting of zinc metal ions. However, weak gas-binding ability and/or poor sample crystallinity after guest exchange hindered the development of efficient materials for CO 2 incorporation, activation and conversion.
We include experts in catalysts and electrolyzer design, polymer engineering, density functional theory simulations and carbon dioxide capture. We intend to build an electrochemical modular system as a platform for a continuous conversion process of simulated flue gas to pure liquid fuels. —Haotian Wang. —Haotian Wang.
Here, we report the bulk-scale conversion of asphaltenes into a stable, naturally occurring form of carbon, namely, graphene, using a single-step, low-cost, energy-efficient, recyclable, scalable, and sustainable technique called flash joule heating (FJH).
A German consortium involving four companies and and two universities is developing dielectric elastomers (electroactive polymers) for the conversion of mechanical energy—in this case wave power—into electrical power. The Technical University of Darmstadt is developing a method for testing the electroactive polymers.
Sketch of the Sn/C/CGPE/ Li 2 S/C polymer battery. The battery is formed by a Sn/C composite anode, a PEO-based gel polymer electrolyte, and a Li 2 S/C cathode. Hassoun and Scrosati also replaced the common liquid organic solutions with a gel-type polymer membrane. PEO=poly(ethylene oxide). Credit: Hassoun and Scrosati.
However, scientists can add value to captured CO 2 by using electrolysis to convert it into more desirable products such as ethylene for polymer production or acetate as a reagent for chemical synthesis. 1 ), low cell voltages, and high single-pass CO conversion, leading directly to concentrated product streams. —Ripatti et al.
PCC 6803 cells holding ethylene forming enzyme (Efe) from Pseudomonas syringae are entrapped within a natural polymer matrix, thus forming the thin-layer biocatalytic structure. 2 ethylene at 1.54% light to ethylene conversion efficiency. PCC 6803 mutant produced ethylene for up to 38 days, yielding 822 mL m ?2
A team of researchers from North Carolina State University, SINTEF in Norway and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, has developed a polymer membrane technology that removes carbon dioxide from mixed gases with both high permeability and high selectivity. A paper on their work is published in the journal Science.
Like all plastics, the new material is a polymer—a large molecule comprising smaller, repeating units called monomers. The units are called omega-hydroxyfatty acids, and when strung together to form a polymer, they can produce a biologically friendly plastic. The monomer itself is relatively new.
Methane monooxygenases (MMOs), found in methanotrophic bacteria, are selective catalysts for methane activation and conversion to methanol under mild conditions; however, these enzymes are not amenable to standard enzyme immobilization approaches. The enzymes retain up to 100% activity in the polymer construct. Blanchette et al.
The reaction network involves the sequential conversion of polymer into the oil with a gradual decrease of molecular weight until ?700–800 Vlachos (2021) “Polypropylene Plastic Waste Conversion to Lubricants over Ru/TiO 2 Catalysts” ACS Catalysis doi: 10.1021/acscatal.1c00874. Kots, Sibao Liu, Brandon C. 1c00874.
Targeting the plastic industry first, and leveraging the material’s thermoplastic affinity to polymers, they company developed several commercial grades of UBQ material. UBQ GHG Neutralizer additives enable processors to directly compensate cO 2 -equivalent emissions (GHG) generated by plastic polymers. Polymers typically emit 1.9
Organic and polymer materials are of great interest as electrode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries because of the low cost, raw materials abundance, environmental benignity, and high sustainability. The reaction path was verified as a conversion from nitro to amino groups. 1 and energy density of 3,273 Wh?kg Resources.
Neste Corporation and Marathon Petroleum Corporation (Marathon) announced an agreement to establish a 50/50 joint venture to produce renewable diesel following a conversion project of Marathon’s refinery in Martinez, California (the Martinez Renewable Fuels project ). Earlier post.). —Matti Lehmus, Neste’s President and CEO.
Novomer’s novel catalyst technology enables CO 2 to react with petrochemical epoxides to create a family of thermoplastic polymers that are up to 50% by weight CO 2. Tags: Algae Algal Fuels Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Fuels. (Ithaca, NY) Teaming with Albemarle Corporation and the Eastman Kodak Co., Alcoa, Inc.
The nanoparticles were supported on a carbon material synthesized via the carbonization of an aniline/phytic-acid-based polymer. Martin, Javier Pérez-Ramírez (2021) “Direct Conversion of Polypropylene into Liquid Hydrocarbons on Carbon?Supported The team found that the metal and carrier phases work together. Shibashish D. 202101999.
BASF, Cargill and Novozymes have demonstrated the successful conversion of 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP), to glacial acrylic acid and super-absorbent polymers, marking another milestone in their joint development of technologies to produce acrylic acid from renewable raw materials.
PEM fuel cells are good examples of energy conversion systems that have several levels of interacting functional structures. Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells employ a hydrophobic polymer, functionalized by acidic sidechains, as the electrode separator.
The key to this transformation is a patented microwave plasma reactor system that generates these new products from methane efficiently at very high rates of conversion and selectivity.
Berkeley Lab researchers, working at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (JCAP), have developed the first fully integrated microfluidic test-bed for evaluating and optimizing solar-driven electrochemical energy conversion systems. Segalman (2013) Integrated microfluidic test-bed for energy conversion devices.
In addition, since producers of oil have lots of carbon dioxide available to them, companies are interested in using that carbon dioxide as an inexpensive feedstock to make value-added chemicals, including things like polymers.” Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Catalysts' —Christopher Cummins.
This material, a p-type (100) gallium phosphide (GaP) semiconductor functionalized with molecular hydrogen-producing cobaloxime catalysts via polymer grafting, has the potential to address one of the major challenges in the use of artificial photosynthesis to make renewable solar fuels. Earlier post.) Under simulated air mass 1.5
Researchers at Texas A&M have developed a two-step, one-pot conversion of CO 2 and epoxides (highly reactive compounds with a three-membered ring made of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom) to polycarbonate block copolymers that contain both water-soluble and hydrophobic regions and can aggregate into nanoparticles or micelles.
The highest reported solar to hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency for such a system composed of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers powered by an InGaP/GaAs/GaInNAsSb triple-junction solar cell was 30%, tested over 48 h. Despite the high efficiency, the device’s complexity and cost makes its upscale potential impractical.
Scientists at the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have developed an enzyme that can enable the conversion of biomass to sugars up to 14 times faster and more cheaply than competing catalysts in enzyme cocktails today. CelA also works faster on raw biomass than on biomass pre-treated with chemicals.
2,3BD is a key chemical building block used to make polymers, plastics and hydrocarbon fuels; it can be readily converted to intermediaries such as butenes, butadiene and methyl ethyl ketone that are used in the production of hydrocarbon fuels and a variety of chemicals including polymers, synthetic rubbers, plastics and textiles.
Grzegorz Milczarek from Poznan University of Technology (Poland), and Olle Inganäs from Linköping University (Sweden), have combined lignin derivatives, which are electronic insulators, with polypyrole, a conductive polymer, into an interpenetrating composite suitable for use as a battery cathode. —Milczarek and Inganäs. 1215159.
As a result, there is a critical need to create new pathways for biofuel conversion that reduces carbon waste, prevents the loss of CO 2 emissions, and in turn, maximizes the amount of renewable fuel a conversion process yields. A Microbial Consortium Enables Complete Feedstock Conversion - $1,574,966.00. University of Delaware.
When the nickel catalyst of ceramic fuel cells is used with hydrocarbon fuels, such as methane, propane, and butane, the carbon generated during fuel conversion is deposited on the surface of nickel. This worsens seriously as the temperature lowers, leading to the failure of the cell operation.
The following Stanford faculty members received funding for advanced research on photovoltaics, battery technologies and new catalysts for sustainable fuels: Self-healing polymers for high energy density lithium-ion batteries. Maximizing solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency in photo-electrochemical cells. Light trapping in high?efficiency,
The researchers combined a copper electrocatalyst with an ionomer [polymers that conduct ions and water] assembly that intersperses sulfonate-lined paths for the H 2 O with fluorocarbon channels for the CO 2. 15) with an ethylene partial current density of 1.3 amperes per square centimeter at 45% cathodic energy efficiency.
Neutron scattering analysis performed at ORNL shows the lamellar structure of a hydrogen-producing, biohybrid composite material formed by the self-assembly of naturally occurring, light harvesting proteins with polymers. This finding could be exploited for the introduction of self-repair mechanisms in future solar conversion systems.
Michigan-based electric powertrain company ALTe LLC ( earlier post ) revealed its demonstrator Ford F-150 range-extended electric vehicle conversion at the 2010 National Truck Equipment Association (NTEA) Work Truck Show and Green Truck Summit. Tags: Conversions Electric (Battery) Hybrids Plug-ins. John Thomas. Earlier post.).
The preparation procedure is based on the carbothermal reduction of Li 2 SO 4 in the presence of a carbon precursor, added as the nanoparticle stabilizing amphiphilic polymer. … Reaction I corresponds to the direct conversion of Li 2 S to S 8 , following by the dissolution of S 8 in the electrolyte (reaction II). the “ionic wiring”.
Researchers at The University of Texas at Arlington have been the first to demonstrate that polyaniline (PANI), a member of the organic conducting polymer family, is a promising photocathode material for the conversion of carbon dioxide into alcohol fuels without the need for a co-catalyst.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed an innovative hydrogen-producing photoelectrochemical cell (PEC), using solar-driven biomass conversion as the anode reaction. HMF is a key intermediate in biomass conversion that can be derived from cellulose; FDCA is an important molecule for the production of polymers.
Overall, this study suggests that marine cellulases offer significant potential for utilization in high-solids industrial biomass conversion processes. To create liquid fuel from woody biomass such as wood and straw, the polysaccharides (sugar polymers) that make up the bulk of these materials have to be broken down into simple sugars.
Plant cell walls resist chemical or biological degradation, making the breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass into renewable chemical precursors for conversion into chemicals and transportation fuels challenging and costly. As a result, economically viable methods of transforming biomass into biofuels have yet to be realized.
Twelve’s jet fuel, produced using its carbon transformation technology in partnership with Fischer-Tropsch conversion experts Emerging Fuels Technology ( earlier post ), is a fossil-free fuel that offers a drop-in replacement for petrochemical-based alternatives without any changes to existing plane design or commercial regulations.
Meanwhile, the EISA method is widely used to synthesize the mesoporous structure via phase separation between a hydrophobic polymer block and a hydrophilic polymer/inorganic precursor block. The hierarchical multiscale porous structure is still retained without any collapse after the conversion to h-TiN.
NSF highly desires applications-driven studies, such as biomass-conversion catalysis, electrocatalysis and photocatalysis, involving energy interconversion devices or systems employing catalysts. Reactive processing of polymers, ceramics, and thin films. Reactive Polymer Processing.
The Nitto Denko, Kobe University project is entitled “R&D into Polymer Membrane-integrated System for Distillation and Dehydration of Cellulosic Bioethanol”.
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