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Researchers at MIT have developed a method that could significantly boost the performance of carbon capture and conversion systems that use catalytic surfaces to enhance the rates of carbon-sequestering electrochemical reactions. The movement through water is sluggish, which slows the rate of conversion of the carbon dioxide.
Researchers led by MIT professor Daniel Nocera have produced an “artificial leaf”—a solar water-splitting cell producing hydrogen and oxygen that operates in near-neutral pH conditions, both with and without connecting wires. (B) MS signal and SFE values for a wireless configuration. Reece et al. Click to enlarge.
New processing methods developed by MIT researchers could help ease looming shortages of the essential metals that power everything from phones to automotive batteries by making it easier to separate these rare metals from mining ores and recycled materials. —Antoine Allanore. Cite this article Stinn, C., Allanore, A.
Daniel Nocera and his associates have found another formulation, based on inexpensive and widely available materials, that can efficiently catalyze the splitting of water molecules using electricity. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Materials for the new catalyst are even more abundant and inexpensive than those required for the first.
A team of MIT researchers, led by Dr. Angela Belcher, has engineered a common bacteriophage virus (M13) to function as a scaffold to mediate the co-assembly of zinc porphyrins (photosensitizer) and iridium oxide hydrosol clusters (catalyst) for visible light-driven water oxidation. Source: Nam et al., Supplementary materials.
Researchers at MIT have identified , quantified, and modeled a major reason for the poor performance of electroreduction processes to convert CO 2 to fuel or other useful chemicals. The findings could spur progress on developing a variety of materials and designs for electrochemical carbon dioxide conversion systems. —Soto et al.
Researchers at MIT led by Drs. Using the nanocomposites as photoanodes in dye-sensitized solar cells, they achieved a power conversion efficiency in the solar cells of 10.6%, up from 8%—an increase of almost one-third. In their tests, adding the virus-built structures enhanced the power conversion efficiency to 10.6%.
Researchers at MIT have devised a simple, soluble metal oxide system to capture and transform CO 2 into useful organic compounds. Molybdate is relatively abundant and stable in air and water. Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Catalysts' 2 -CO 3 )] 2? 50% isolated yield) after 22 hours at 85 °C.
A team of researchers at MIT has described a framework for efficiently coupling the power output of a series-connected string of single-band-gap solar cells to an electrochemical process that produces storable fuels. Watson Research Center) and former MIT graduate student Casandra Cox (now at Harvard). Source: Winkler et al.
The MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) announced its latest round of seed grants to support early-stage innovative energy projects. Past themes have included topics as diverse as the role of big data and the energy-water nexus. A total of more than $1.6 million was awarded to 11 projects, each lasting up to two years.
MIT researchers have found a new family of highly active catalyst materials that provides the best performance yet in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in electrochemical water-splitting—a key requirement for energy storage and delivery systems such as advanced fuel cells and lithium-air batteries. Grimaud et al.
Researchers at MIT have found a way to use thermophotovoltaic devices—solid-state devices that use the sun’s heat, usually concentrated with mirrors, to generate electricity directly—without mirrors to concentrate sunlight, potentially making the system much simpler and less expensive. similar to the greenhouse effect).
Natural gas will play a leading role in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions over the next several decades, largely by replacing older, inefficient coal plants with highly efficient combined-cycle gas generation, according to a major new interim report out from MIT. The first two reports dealt with nuclear power (2003) and coal (2007).
However, such arguments have been difficult to justify quantitatively, the MIT team notes; quantitative estimates of direct volcanic outgassing are much too small to account for the changes in the carbon cycle. Other proposals suggest secondary effects of the volcanism—such as raging coal fires—as the mechanism.
hydrocarbons (propane and propylene) from renewable biomass via the hydrothermal conversion of well-known fermentation end-products (butyric acid and 3-hydroxybutyrate) without the use of exogenous hydrogen. Butyric acid decarboxylates in supercritical water to give propane as the major product at 454 °C and 25 MPa. Authors Curt R.
The new MIT proces converts furfural into GVL via a series of cascading (domino-like) reactions catalyzed by zeolites with Lewis and Brønsted acid sites. The new MIT production method, described in the June 11 issue of the journal Angewandte Chemie , eliminates both of those obstacles. Credit: Bui et al. Click to enlarge.
” The MIT report said that natural gas should be seen as a “ bridge ” to a low-carbon regime, rather than as the ultimate long-term solution itself. MIT: The Future of Natural Gas. Separately, the International Energy Agency (IEA) released its own report exploring the potential for a “golden age” of gas. Source: IEA.
MIT researchers are proposing a novel electricity generation process using natural gas and solid oxide fuel cells at high electrical efficiency (74%HHV) with zero atmospheric emissions. The research was partly funded from the BP-MITConversion Research Program. A paper on their work is in press in the Journal of Power Sources.
MIT researchers have developed a new system that could potentially be used for converting power plant emissions of carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide, and thence into useful fuels for cars, trucks, and planes, as well as into chemical feedstocks for a wide variety of products. Ghoniem’s lab is exploring some of these options.
As a result, there is a critical need to create new pathways for biofuel conversion that reduces carbon waste, prevents the loss of CO 2 emissions, and in turn, maximizes the amount of renewable fuel a conversion process yields. A Microbial Consortium Enables Complete Feedstock Conversion - $1,574,966.00. University of Delaware.
The ethane subsequently undergoes dehydrogenation to form ethylene and water. In a presentation at the Spring 2006 AIChE national meeting, researchers from Mesoscopic Devices noted that today’s catalysts exhibit either high selectivity (>70%) coupled with low conversion ( 75%) with low selectivity. ” —Alex Tkachenko.
Within the program, BP scientists and engineers and MIT researchers collaborate across a range of fields including energy conversion, energy sustainability, materials science, and the modeling of global energy production and use. —Ellen Williams, BP’s Chief Scientist.
Sun Catalytix is developing catalysts that use intermittent renewable energy, including solar and wind energy, to split water into storable hydrogen and oxygen—a process that mimics photosynthesis. —MIT Professor and Sun Catalytix Founder Daniel Nocera.
Natural Gas Reactor for Remote Chemical Conversion. decrease water use compared to conventional algae reactors. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) will develop a. deployed remotely, MIT’s reformer could be used for small, remote sources of gas. engineered to use fertilizer and water more efficiently and.
An international team of researchers led by Quanguan Pang at Peking University and Donald Sadoway at MIT reports a bidirectional, rapidly charging aluminum–chalcogen battery operating with a molten-salt electrolyte composed of NaCl–KCl–AlCl 3. —Pang et al.
The research, published in the journal Science , outlines a potential way to make a future generation of water-splitting catalysts from three abundant metals—iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and tungsten (W)—rather than the rare, costly metals on which many of today’s catalysts rely. For this study, Edward H. —Edward Sargent.
Novel Biological Conversion of Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide Directly into Biodiesel. Water will be the primary byproduct. Johnson Matthey will investigate the catalytic conversion of this microbial biodiesel into additional fuel molecules, most importantly jet fuel. OPX Biotechnologies Inc. NREL, Johnson Matthey Catalysts).
A team at MITEI (MIT Energy Initiative) has found that hydrogen-generated electricity can be a cost-competitive option for backing up wind and solar. To that end, they have integrated their analysis into SESAME, a lifecycle and techno-economic assessment tool for a range of energy systems that was developed by MIT researchers.
JCAP researchers are focused on achieving the major scientific breakthroughs needed to produce liquid transportation fuels from a combination of sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, using artificial photosynthesis. The research program involves eight core projects: Light Capture and Conversion. Molecular Catalysis.
Conversion kits also will be available to switch medium-duty gasoline vehicles to run on propane. Researchers at MIT had earlier demonstrated the ability to make biopropane (LPG from corn or sugarcane) using a supercritical water process, and created a startup (C3 BioEnergy) in 2007 that attempted to commercialize the technology.
that produces large quantities of sugar and requires less water. Concentrating Solar Power/Nuclear: High Efficiency Solar Electric Conversion Power Tower Abengoa Solar will develop a high efficiency solar-electric. conversion tower that utilizes new system architecture. heating and water purification. . $3,734,939.
The MIT will develop a new generation of power electronics based on vertical gallium nitride (GaN) superjunction diodes and transistors that can vastly exceed the performance of today’s GaN power devices. The system takes three main inputs: ambient air, water, and a sustainable energy source, and produces butanol with high selectivity.
Coupled Monte Carlo Neutronics and Fluid Flow Simulation of Small Modular Reactors, Thomas Evans (ORNL, PI) with ANL, INL, MIT. Cloud-Resolving Climate Modeling of the Earth's Water Cycle, Mark Taylor (SNL) with ANL, LANL, LLNL, ORNL, PNNL, UCI, CSU. Optimizing Stochastic Grid Dynamics at Exascale, Henry Huang (PNNL) with ANL, NREL.
In 1965, Larry Roberts, then at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory , connected one computer in Massachusetts to another in California over a telephone line. You were just trying to figure out how to enable conversations.” Kahn postponed his planned return to MIT and continued to work on expanding this network.
Durable and affordable higher-temperature heat exchangers could make energy conversion much more efficient, which in turn could reduce fuel consumption, system footprint, capital and operational cost, and emissions. MIT will develop a high performance, compact, and durable ceramic heat exchanger. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
He graduated from MIT in 1894 with a degree in electrical engineering, and within the year he (along with his friend George C. The conversation could have stopped there, but Robert Hale, a research engineer, took the concern seriously and helped Warren set up an experimental demonstration at the L Street station.
Almost all the content is taken directly from talks I attended or conversations I had with fellow attendees. Russ Tedrake of Toyota Research Institute (TRI) and MIT pointed to the recent Diffusion Policies paper as showing a similar surprising capability.
Best known as a robotics researcher, academic, and entrepreneur, Brooks is also an authority on AI: he directed the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at MIT until 2007, and held faculty positions at Carnegie Mellon and Stanford before that. Are there any of these big projects now that fill you with hope and optimism?
Researchers at the Skoltech Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage (CEES), a partnership between the MIT Materials Processing Center and Lomonosov Moscow State University, are focusing on the development of higher capacity batteries. Chiang, MIT colleague W. Advanced Li-ion and multivalent ion batteries.
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