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The Rotrak solution overcomes this constraint by connecting the supercharger to the engine by a compact variable drive, allowing efficient operation across the whole engine speed range. The need to reduce CO 2 emissions is leading to downsized engines, heavily boosted by turbo- or supercharging.
Simulation study finds Miller version of Scuderi engine can deliver twice the BMEP as naturally aspirated version, theoretically enabling 50% downsizing while maintaining performance. Applying the Miller cycle to the Scuderi engine (right) entails downsizing of the compression cylinder. Source: Scuderi. Click to enlarge.
Schematic of downsized and supercharged four-stroke hybrid pneumatic spark injection engine. The reduction in fuel consumption is obtained mainly through enabling the effective use of a heavily downsized engine, rather than from regenerative efficiency. The engine has two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder. Dönitz et al.
A team at Monsanto and colleagues at AVL Powertrain have successfully designed and demonstrated an onboard low-temperature ethanol reformer that can be driven by exhaust heat. Many papers have described high-temperature steam reforming of ethanol at around 600 °C but.this temperature is too high to be driven by engine exhaust.
The VEMB system uses a concentric camshaft, blow-down manifold and scavenge manifold to separate the exhaust event into two phases: high-energy blow-down to the turbo without pumping losses, and high-hydrocarbon scavenge to the EGR system. Source: Borgwarner. Click to enlarge.
Cobra could enable a 5–10% reduction in CO 2 emissions when implemented in conjunction with engine downsizing and down speeding strategies, and potentially more when used in conjunction with alternative fuels, according to CPT. Unlike a turbocharger, Cobra is not dependent on the exhaust gases flowing to do its work.
Featuring a twin-scroll turbocharger and a three-port integrated exhaust manifold (IEM), the 2.3-liter Two pivotal factors are the three-port integrated exhaust manifold cylinder head and a twin-scroll turbocharger. The all-new 2015 Lincoln MKC small premium utility, unveiled last week, offers an all-new engine—a 2.3-liter
liter engines were downsized to 1.6 The second system, the thermal energy recovery system, captures the thermal energy generated from the engine’s exhaust. Hot exhaust from the engine’s combustion chamber is normally lost via the exhaust pipes. Honda Formula 1 power unit. Click to enlarge.
Since the pistons cyclically expose or occlude the exhaust and intake ports, there is no valve train. Because the intake and exhaust ports are at the opposite ends of the cylinder, opposed-piston engines have efficient, uniflow scavenging. Scavenging continues until a 230° crank angle, at which time the exhaust ports close.
Since this energy loss is primarily thermal in nature and can be attributed to the exhaust, cooling system, and engine and transmission surfaces, Mazda’s R&D team’s central focus is on improving the engine’s thermal efficiency cost-effectively. Extreme compression ratio rather than downsizing. Although downsizing—i.e.,
Researchers at ETH Zürich are developing a pneumatic hybrid engine—an internal combustion engine connected to a compressed air tank instead of a battery system. The compressed air supply also allows extreme downsizing. Downsizing the engine in this instance halves the number of cylinders from four to two. Rüegg / ETH Zurich.
MAHLE’s TJI system is characterized by auxiliary pre-chamber fueling; small orifices connecting the main and pre-chamber combustion cavities and a very small pre-chamber volume. Continuously variable camshaft phasers for both the intake and exhaust enabled variable valve timing. —Attard et al.
to eliminate turbo lag—in support of aggressive engine downsizing. The separate components are connected electrically. CPT recommends a combination of the highly dynamic electric supercharger in series with a conventional exhaust-driven turbocharger to optimize the overall response of the system, compared to other air charging methods.
Applied to a turbocharged, downsized engine, MultiAir can contribute to up to a 25% reduction in fuel consumption over conventional naturally aspirated engines with the same performance, according to Fiat. Here again, there will be both a naturally aspirated and a turbocharged version.
Renault’s ongoing downsizing strategy is aimed at reducing the cubic capacity of its engines in order to bring down fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions, without detracting from performance. The downsizing process involved shortening the piston stroke by reducing the size of the crank pin and conrod assembly. Select Engines.
Pierburg GmbH, part of the KSPG Group, has developed an electric compressor for spontaneously boosting the charge pressure of engines fitted with an exhaust-gas turbocharger. This component allows pressure to be increased regardless of the exhaust-gas energy availability. Initial prototypes are now being tested by various customers.
The automotive industry, including Lotus Engineering, has quite rightly advocated engine downsizing for four-stroke engines. Downsizing therefore isn’t vital and, due to the improved light-load efficiency and emissions performance we see with Omnivore, this technology approach and ‘upsizing’ could permit a more efficient engine.
The power consumption of mobile electronic devices, including mobile phones, has greatly increased with added functionality, including TV reception and Internet connectivity. As a result, battery exhaustion has become a concern. It runs on mix of methanol and ambient oxygen. The palm-sized Dynario is Toshiba’s first DMFC product.
Since 2010, all Sprinters in the US have been powered by BlueTEC diesel engines, marking the first use of BlueTEC technology, with its selective catalytic reduction (SCR) exhaust aftertreatment system, in the commercial van market here. The two overhead camshafts actuate 16 intake and exhaust valves.
The engine features technologies such as twin independent variable camshaft timing (Ti-VCT); a compact, low-inertia turbo that spins at 248,000rpm; direct fuel injection; an aluminium cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold; low friction piston coatings; low tension piston rings; low friction crank seals; and a cambelt-in-oil design.
Further, implementation of VTC and high-capacity EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) to both the intake and exhaust ports realizes significantly reduced friction. By downsizing from the present 2.2L This employs direct injection technology and the Atkinson cycle using the DOHC, VTEC technologies as the base. Diesel engine.
Augmenting its existing LC Super Hybrid program ( earlier post ), which deploys a downsized gasoline-electric powertrain, ALABC is working on advanced diesel-electric applications in development programs being undertaken with car makers including Ford and Kia. —Allan Cooper. These compact electrical machines can be rated up to 12.5
A 2010 version of the MCE-5 VCRi engine will be equipped with GDI, optimized combustion chambers as well as the advanced management of engine temperature, of the cylinder head, pistons and exhaust manifold. This constitutes a strong response to the durability problem of highly downsized high-loaded engines. MCE-5 moving parts.
A sole single-stage compressor and single-stage exhaust turbine are used for pressure charging. The rest of the energy is recovered by the MGU-H (for ‘Heat’); an electrical machine connected to the turbocharger. Per the regulations, the Mercedes team downsized their internal combustion engine (ICE) to a 1.6 Turbocharger.
“People downsize cars, not expectations. Customers are increasingly making decisions to downsize driven by lifestyle and fuel economy. We’ve learned that when customers downsize, they still want the amenities they’ve become used to in larger vehicles.”
In the familiar gasoline engines of the previous EA111 series, the (‘hot’) exhaust side was at the front, and the engines were mounted with a forward tilt. The advantage is that the exhaust line, driveshafts and gearbox mounting position can be standardized. TSI, an exhaust camshaft adjuster is added.
Di Turbo Jet E5 drive torque is comparable to the one of an aspirated V6 engine which is almost twice its displacement, according to Fiat, but with significant efficiency gains through the downsizing. Lastly, the exhaust ducts were designed to work in tune with the exhaust manifold and maximize its pulse converter effect.
Enabling technologies include high-pressure direct fuel injection; an ultra-compact turbocharging system; continuously variable valve timing; and a lightweight aluminum construction with a cylinder head-integrated exhaust manifold. liter class which are engineered to meet customer demand for strong, downsized engine performance.
Cylinder deactivation: deactivates the intake and exhaust valves and prevents fuel injection into some cylinders during light-load operation. Variable valve timing: alters the timing or phase of the intake valve, exhaust valve, or both, primarily to reduce pumping losses, increase specific power, and control residual gases.
On the diesel side—now available solely as BlueTEC units with SCR aftertreatment technology) , the focus is on downsizing and the new version of the V6 CDI engine. The two turbochargers are connected in series, and each has a turbine and a compressor driven by this turbine. BlueTEC diesel units. Earlier post.)
Despite its efficiency, the Golf TSI BlueMotion with the 85 kW / 114 hp downsized 999 cc EA211-series engine reaches 100 km/h in 9.7 The crankshaft group—crankshaft, pistons and connecting rods—is distinguished by low moving masses and low friction. Exhaust manifold integrated in cylinder head. Small turbocharger.
Infiniti connects an electric motor to the Harmonic Drive reduction gear with a connecting control arm. The multi-link system means the piston connecting rods are almost vertical during the combustion cycle, rather than moving wider laterally as in a traditional crankshaft rotation.
It now includes variable valve timing on both exhaust and intake camshafts, and the new intake system opens the valves at a higher rpm to help keep the torque curve flat. The Altima offers a choice of a redesigned 2.5-liter liter DOHC inline 4-cylinder engine or 3.5-liter liter QR25 engine has been redesigned to be lighter and more efficient.
liter turbocharged gasoline engine has a combination water-cooled cylinder head, integrated exhaust manifold and twin-scroll turbocharger. To minimize turbo lag, the four-into-two exhaust manifold system pairs cylinders according to their expansion or compression stroke to reduce pumping losses and eliminate exhaust gas interference.
Having better control over the combustion process reduces the emission load on the exhaust aftertreatment systems. Eminox SCRT technology can significantly reduce harmful diesel exhaust gases, particularly in urban operating conditions.
Focused on meeting a growing customer demand for ‘downsized’ engines offering strong power with reduced fuel consumption and CO2 emissions, the new gasoline and diesel powertrains are being progressively introduced across the Opel product range. The engine retains the proven concept of a turbine-integrated exhaust manifold.
In the large Sharan the downsized engine consumes on average 6.4 Using a specially coated diesel particulate filter (the actual SCR catalytic converter), the SCR system converts the nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the exhaust gas into nitrogen (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O ). The Sharan 1.4 l/100 km (35.6 mpg US, 154 g/km CO 2 ).
However, there are also significant efficiency gains through the downsizing. The engine uses a new generation turbocharger connected to a pulse converter type exhaust which optimises the use of exhaust pressure waves to increment the driving torque at low speeds.
The connected equipment could help survey the job site, report on the conditions of the mat (density, temperature, and passes), and leverage AI to determine when and where to compact without the need for human operators. The electric haul bots offer cleaner, quieter operation and increase efficiency.
The alternative-fuel car evolved to reduce exhaust emissions and other problems derived from burning fossil fuels. We are suggesting that the variation in power and energy from renewable sources can be managed much more easily and economically with the batteries in PHEVs when they are plugged into the grid with a low power connection.
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