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The shift to electric mobility is in line with ongoing efforts to reduce the world’s dependence on fossil fuels, and reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions responsible for climate change. For example, two-thirds of all cobalt production happens in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).
Higher EV penetration reduces GHG emissions from fuel use regardless of the transportation energy transition, while those from fuel production are more sensitive to energy-sector decarbonization and could reach nearly “net zero” by 2040. It’s mainly driven by the electric vehicle market penetration and battery technology development.
The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) can leverage its abundant cobalt resources and hydroelectric power to become a low-cost and low-emissions producer of lithium-ion battery cathode precursor materials, according to a new study on a unified African supply chain by BloombergNEF (BNEF).
Glencore produces cobalt mainly as a by-product of copper mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), but also as a by-product of nickel mining in Australia and Canada. Glencore is already a leading producer and supplier of these metals, helping to underpin our ambition of achieving net zero total emissions by 2050.
Preliminary findings included as part of the brief: The greenhouse gas emissions benefits of EVs are clear and will grow as global electricity supplies become increasingly less carbon-intensive. The structure of the supply chain also adds to batteries’ life-cycle emissions, just as it does for petroleum.
Roughly 35 elements serve as key components to several clean-energy and high-tech applications: magnets in wind turbines, batteries in electric and conventional vehicles, phosphors in energy-efficient lighting and displays, and catalysts for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
While the switch from combustion engines could significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, it could also create bottlenecks that may stall the process unless they are identified and addressed early on. On the one hand, more than half of the worldwide supply (126,000 tonnes) is mined in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is expected to be the source for approximately 69% of mined cobalt in 2020—i.e., a significant quantity of the world’s supply originates from areas ranking poorly in terms of corruption and working conditions, notes critical materials supply chain intelligence company Roskill.
Ramanathan and Victor highlight the importance of aggressively reducing CO 2 emissions, but note that the road ahead will be long, difficult, and expensive, and that “in the meantime, a fast-action plan is needed.” For example, reducing emissions from open cooking and diesel vehicles could save many of the 1.9
—“Flare Gas Reduction” The report provides a region-by-region analysis of gas flaring trends, including: Within the Russian Federation, by some measures the world’s largest source of flare gas emissions, as much as 50 billion cubic meters of natural gas produced is wasted annually.
Tested in real operating conditions, from upstream cobalt production facilities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) to downstream electric vehicle production sites, the pilot will run until the end of 2021, with the roll-out of the final solution expected in 2022.
Electric cars provide a zero-emission driving experience, but one of the most important raw materials for their batteries—cobalt—has a supply chain that needs some work.
That’s according to Dr. Michael Moats, professor and interim chair of materials science and engineering at Missouri University of Science and Technology, who says reducing carbon emissions from energy systems in the United States will increase the need for metal production by two to six times per kilowatt of energy production.
The model shows that land clearing, especially forest clearing, has two concurrent effects: increased GHG emissions, resulting in surface air warming; and large changes in the land’s reflective and energy exchange characteristics, resulting in surface air warming in the tropics but cooling in temperate and polar regions.
Failure to meet new government targets for lowering emissions “could cost European automakers as much as $40 billion in fines” over the next 5 years, he adds. And more than 50% of global cobalt supply comes from one place: the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Land-based mining is already fraught with environmental destruction, emissions, human rights abuses , and mountains of waste, as well as precarious global supply chains. The Democratic Republic of Congo produces 70 percent of the world's cobalt, and most of the world's nickel sits under Indonesian rainforests.
In its last years of operation, approximately 20-30% of metal production was sourced from third-party suppliers outside Brazil. Nickel and cobalt recoveries averaged 99% and 96%, respectively, over SMP Refinery’s operating life.
Electrifying heavy machinery and equipment—in addition to consumer vehicles—is essential to minimizing emissions. United Nations data shows the construction industry accounts for 37% of energy and process-related CO 2 emissions. A large part of those emissions undoubtedly come from heavy equipment.
With all this, consumers and policymakers alike are hopeful that society will soon greatly reduce its carbon emissions by replacing today’s cars with electric vehicles. EVs lack tailpipe emissions, sure, but producing, operating, and disposing of these vehicles creates greenhouse-gas emissions and other environmental burdens.
The Swiss mining giant is the world’s largest trading house and producer of cobalt in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Australia, and Canada. It plans to reach Net Zero emissions by 2050, starting with depleting its coal portfolio over time. Elon Musk is hoping that Tesla won’t need to enter the mining business.
metric tons of CO2e emissions pic.twitter.com/k5E5TWWYD4 — Tesla (@Tesla) May 6, 2022. Efforts are also underway to focus more on battery production as well, with Tesla representatives visiting the Democratic Republic of Congo and Argentina to complete social and environmental risk assessments. In 2021, our customers avoided 8.4M
Scientists inform us that today’s transportation sector is the largest contributor to US greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change, but how clean are lithium-ion batteries? Production causes more emissions than combustion engine models, an EV beginning life with a heavy "emissions debt.”
This is the sum of the emissions from raw materials, production, shipping, operation and end-of-life disposal – not just how clean it is to operate. If it’s manufactured on a ‘dirty’ power grid it becomes a major source of emissions over the EV lifecycle. In comparison, EV engines run on lithium batteries. THE BOTTOM LINE.
Scientists inform us that today’s transportation sector is the largest contributor to US greenhouse gas emissions driving climate change, but how clean are lithium-ion batteries? Production causes more emissions than combustion engine models, an EV beginning life with a heavy "emissions debt.”
All the new gigafactories that will be building batteries in the coming years, they’re focusing on proof of origin, making sure that their material is not contaminated with material coming from unwanted areas, from China or from Congo for example, or partly produced with child labor.
Picture this: You’re cruising down the road in your sleek, futuristic electric vehicle (EV), enjoying the whisper-quiet ride and emission-free journey. The electric vehicle industry is not just about cutting-edge technology and zero-emission vehicles.
If EVs are truly to provide a greener alternative to legacy vehicles, then mining and industrial processes need to be held to the strictest environmental standards, and supply chains need to be kept short to minimize transport emissions. We are assessing those players.
For this reason, it’s not only the carbon emissions from using your vehicle to take into consideration but also the manufacturing process. If it’s manufactured on a ‘dirty’ power grid it becomes a major source of emissions over the EV lifecycle. In comparison, EV engines run on lithium batteries. Vehicle body and other car parts.
In some cases, a material is produced in one region, processed in another, and sent on to a third, generating emissions along the way. Primary supply sources are concentrated in the Democratic Republic of Congo for cobalt, Southeast Asia and Russia for nickel, and Australia/Chile/China for lithium,” says Litinsky. “In
In general, high scorers exhibit long-standing commitments to protecting public health, preserving natural resources, and decoupling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from economic activity. India and Bangladesh come in near the bottom of the rankings, with Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Nepal rounding out the bottom five.
The world’s most-polluting nations had talked about a goal of halving emissions by 2050, but those numbers are nowhere in the lateset draft G8 statement because of opposition from China and India, Reuters reports. The emissions goal, based on the recommendations of the IPCC, is far higher than what the U.S. In the U.S.,
With less than eight years for the United States to meet the objective of a 50-percent reduction in greenhouse gas emissions , many environmental advocacy groups argue that an even faster transition to EVs is mandatory. You cannot change the sources from Congo, China and other places within two to three years.”
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