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A new study by a team from Environmental Health & Engineering (EH&E) has found that greenhouse gas emissions from corn ethanol are 46% lower than those from gasoline—a decrease in emissions from the estimated 39% done by previous modeling. gCO 2 e/MJ) which is 46% lower than the average carbon intensity for neat gasoline.
In addition to its regional and temporal scope, this study is distinct from earlier LCA literature in four key aspects: This study considers the lifetime average carbon intensity of the fuel and electricity mixes, including biofuels and biogas.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has published a Beyond Tailpipe Emissions Calculator that provides estimates of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with driving an electric vehicle (EV) or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), including emissions from the production of electricity used to power the vehicle.
Technology warming potential (TWP) for three sets of natural gas fuel-switching scenarios. (A) A) CNG light-duty cars vs. gasoline cars; (B) CNG heavy-duty vehicles vs. diesel vehicles; and (C) combined-cycle natural gas plants vs. supercritical coal plants using low-CH 4 coal. Source: Alvarez et al. Click to enlarge.
However, they also noted, high PTW efficiencies and the moderate fuel economies of current compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) make them a viable option as well. If CNG were to be eventually used in hybrids, the advantage of the electric generation/EV option shrinks. Their open access paper is published in the journal Energy.
From left to right: EV, PHEV, gasoline/diesel, gasoline/diesel. One label design prominently features a letter grade (ranging from A+ to D) to communicate the vehicle’s overall fuel economy and greenhouse gas emissions performance. A sample of the second proposed label for an extended range electric vehicle. Source: EPA.
Self Financial, a fintech company, has compared the running costs of electric and non-electric vehicles in each state. Across the US the average annual cost of running an electric vehicle is $2,721.96, while gasoline vehicles cost an average of $3,355.90 per year to run—a difference of $633.94
According to a new lifecycle analysis by a team at Carnegie Mellon University, a battery electric vehicle (BEV) powered with natural gas-based electricity achieves around an average 40% lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction when compared to a conventional gasoline vehicle. Earlier post.).
Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The publication gives the opportunity for an “apples-to-apples” comparison between the environmental impacts of the two types of powertrains: same manufacturer, same model, same boundary conditions. Gasoline Fluence 16V.
The Responsible Battery Coalition, in partnership with the University of Michigan Center for Sustainable Systems, launched a comprehensive research project to compare the total cost of ownership of gas and electric vehicles (EVs). Projections of future gasoline and electricity prices. Anticipated driving patterns.
Results of a lifecycle analysis by a team at the University of Michigan suggest that multiple types of natural gas-powered vehicles—i.e., Results of a lifecycle analysis by a team at the University of Michigan suggest that multiple types of natural gas-powered vehicles—i.e., —Dai and Lastoskie. Click to enlarge.
The 85 kW / 115 PS gasoline-fired engine is the first of its kind to be combined with a four-way catalytic converter and installed in the up! It also comes with a gasoline particulate filter. With a pressure of 350 bar (high for a gasoline engine), the fuel mixture is injected directly into the combustion chambers.
The global natural gas vehicle fleet has grown rapidly in the last 10 years, but still represents less than 1% of global transport fuel consumption. gas sources, such as biogas or bio-synthetic gas. gas sources, such as biogas or bio-synthetic gas. Click to enlarge.
On this basis, and of Pareto efficiency, Emissions Analytics argues, until battery-electric vehicles can reach certain performance characteristics, government and industry support should switch immediately from EVs to full hybrids to create maximum welfare. Every air pollutant is more than 90% its limit.
Electric vehicles continue to be vastly more expensive to insure than gasoline models, on average—hybrids included. According to Consumer Reports, citing national-average data from The Zebra, an insurance comparison tool, the Chevrolet Bolt EV costs slightly more to insure than the Toyota Prius or Hyundai Ioniq Blue hybrids.
WTW energy demand and GHG emissions for EV and PHEV drivetrains for various electricity sources; gasoline ICE vehicle is solid square, hybrid the hollow square. First, it considers the performance of both mature and novel hydrogen production processes, multiple electricity generation pathways and several alternative drivetrains.
Honda Fit EV Efficiency Comparison. Ford Focus Electric. The 92 kW (123 hp) coaxial electric motor generates 189 ft-lb of torque, and is teamed to a chassis with a fully-independent suspension and a driver-selectable 3-mode electric drive system adapted from the CR-Z Sport Hybrid. EPA Combined MPGe. EPA Combined kWh/100m.
I just saw a featured headline on Google yesterday: “Is EV Charging Cheaper Than Gasoline? ” Right away, I thought, “ugh… ” I conducted cost of ownership analyses and comparisons between gas cars and electric cars for years, and anyone who has done even one.
Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses. However, residential uses and exports of natural gas were not considered in those comparisons.
A recent PSI study led by environmental scientist Christian Bauer found that a battery electric car is already the most environmentally friendly option in Switzerland and many other countries, even when the manufacture of the battery is figured in. When, Where and How can battery-electric vehicles help reduce greenhouse gas emissions? (in
Researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have compared the emissions resulting from the production, use, and end-of-life of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles (EVs and ICEVs) in a full life-cycle analysis (LCA). This has led to a general perception of EVs as an environmentally benign technology.
Ford’s Michigan Assembly Plant is starting production of the 2012 Focus Electric ( earlier post )—a five-passenger, battery-electric car Ford expects will achieve more than a 100 miles per gallon equivalent (MPGe) fuel economy rating. 1 gallon of gasoline=33.7 Phoenix and Tucson, Ariz.; Portland, Ore.; Raleigh-Durham, N.C.;
Interrelationship between EV energy economy (y-axis) and and the electricity grid emissions intensity (x-axis) in determining full fuel cycle greenhouse gas emissions. The source of the electricity used to power electric vehicles is a key issue in Victoria. —“Environmental Impacts”. Source: “Environmental Impacts”.
In regions where the share of coal-based electricity is relatively low, EVs can achieve substantial GHG reduction, the team reports in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. China recently launched several EV demonstration programs (e.g., Earlier post.]
Hydrogen is not currently an option for small vehicles such as electric scooters and motorcycles, since the pressure surge during refilling would be too great. When water is added from an onboard tank, the ensuing reaction generates hydrogen gas in a quantity dynamically adjusted to the actual requirements of the fuel cell.
Consumers who purchase an electric vehicle will find that lifetime costs to own the vehicle are competitive with conventional and hybrid vehicles, according to an analysis conducted by the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI). —“Total Cost of Ownership for Current Plug-in Electric Vehicles”.
liter, direct and port fueled injection, inline 4-cylinder gasoline engine commonly used in the Camry line of vehicles. The “Dynamic Force Engine” achieves one of the world’s best thermal efficiencies of 40% in gasoline powered vehicles according to Toyota. The Toyota 2.5L
World primary energy demand by fuel in the IEA high gas scenario. Separately, the International Energy Agency (IEA) released its own report exploring the potential for a “golden age” of gas. Both reports also emphasized that although natural gas is the lowest carbon fossil fuel, it is still a fossil fuel. Source: IEA.
A team from Algenol and Georgia Tech calculated the life cycle energy and greenhouse gas emissions for three different system scenarios for this proposed ethanol production process, using process simulations and thermodynamic calculations. MJ/MJEtOH, and the net life cycle greenhouse gas emissions range from 29.8 wt % to 5 wt %.
The Turbosteamer and Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) projects are focused on generating electric current from waste heat to improve overall engine efficiency, but each project follows a different approach and time frame. Research project Turbosteamer: comparison of the heat exchanger generation 1 (top) and generation 2 (bottom).
We have therefore developed a hydrogen combustion engine that aims to match the power and torque of current high-performance gasoline engines as a concept study. liter eight-cylinder gasoline engine—or rather, its digital data set, since we conducted the entire study virtually using engine performance simulations.
The Electrification Coalition released two case studies outlining how two cities— Houston, Texas and Loveland, Colorado —are saving money by using electric vehicles (EVs) in their vehicle fleets. found that the city’s LEAFs will cost 41% less to own and operate than gasoline-powered vehicles. Earlier post.).
The 2020 edition of US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) comprehensive annual report on nationwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions shows that emissions increased from 2017 to 2018 by 3.1% (after accounting for sequestration from the land sector). Source: EPA. >. through the uptake of carbon and storage in forests, vegetation and soils.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) released the final report from its National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) for a technology validation project that collected data from more than 180 fuel cell electric vehicles over six years (early 2005 through September 2011). These vehicles made more than 500,000 trips and traveled 3.6
Comparison of brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption at rated power (ICOMIA Mode 5), hydrogen vs. gasoline engines. Oh’s hydrogen engine matched the rated power of the original gasoline engine, with an achieved best-point gross indicated thermal efficiency is 42.4%. Oh and Plante. Click to enlarge. kW) rating.
This analysis compares the costs of usable energy when we buy gasoline and electricity for driving and natural gas for keeping warm. Gasoline-powered vehicles. Gasoline-powered vehicles. Combustion of a gallon of gasoline (that includes ethanol) releases 120,333 Btu of energy. All-electric vehicles.
Toyota Motor Corporation has developed a new series of fuel-efficient gasoline engines that achieve improved thermal efficiency. liter gasoline engine in which Toyota is employing the Atkinson cycle—normally used in dedicated hybrid engines—and a compression ratio of 13.5:1. Click to enlarge. One of the engines is a 1.3-liter
In the case of the 2500HD bi-fuel, the two main trade-offs are a reduction in power and torque in CNG mode compared to gasoline mode, and the loss of a portion of the bed of the truck to the 3,600 psi CNG tank and its box-like enclosure. (It Emissions reductions (%) of new NGVs compared to new gasoline and diesel vehicles (2012).
Plug-in electric vehicles, including plug-in hybrids and battery electric vehicles, have the potential to make up 9% of US auto sales in 2020 and 22% in 2030 (1.6 However, achieving such growth level will be dependent on two key factors: aggressive reductions in battery costs and rising gasoline prices. Earlier post.)
Current case design block flow diagram of thermochemical gasoline from biomass-derived methanol and the methanol-to-gasoline process. Gasoline has a higher energy content than ethanol.) Source: NREL. Click to enlarge. gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon ($0.37/liter). per gallon ($0.41 per liter) and $1.49
million from the Department of Energy’s ARPA-E program ( earlier post ) to complete its prototype development of a new gasoline-fueled wave disc engine and electricity generator that promises to be five times more efficient than traditional auto engines in electricity production, 20% lighter, and 30% cheaper to manufacture.
Volkswagen has developed and deployed a gasoline engine that offers diesel-like fuel economy but is significantly cheaper to buy. Compared with other gasoline engines, the intake valves of the 1.5 Chargers of this kind combined with gasoline engines are usually found only in high-performance cars. l/100 km (49 mpg US).
Comparisons of life-cycle emissions from LUC phase for (a) sugar cane ethanol and (b) soybean biodiesel. Expansion in Brazil presents unique opportunities for both liquid fuel and electricity production. Even in the 100-year case, LUC emissions in CO and particulate matter are still higher than that of gasoline. 683 g PM 2.5
Our test shows that as well as electric driving on renewable electricity, there are other concepts that permit long-distance, low-emission driving. Fuel specifications are not publicly available yet, nor are emissions results and comparisons. —Reiner Mangold, Head of Sustainable Product Development at Audi.
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