Comparison, Gas-Electric and Water

New liquid hydrogen carrier would transport green H2 from Scotland to Germany

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2022

LH2 Europe will use the abundant renewable electricity in Scotland to produce green hydrogen and market it at a competitive price with diesel. As a comparison, LNG tankers use ballast water to compensate the loss of weight following delivery to ensure enough draft. Vessel specifications. Length overall. Rule length.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Germany Transportation Green

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2012

Bitumen production from the Canadian oil sands provides a point of reference that could be used to observe and better manage the land and water impacts of a rapid transition to unconventional fuels, suggests Dr. Sarah Jordaan of the Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Water Oil Fuel

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. If biogas is substituted for conventional natural gas, total GHG emissions can further significantly reduced (190 gCO 2 /mile). Lifecycle GHG comparison.

Coal

Coal Water Transportation Fuel

Fraunhofer suggests e-scooters as application for its magnesium hydride paste hydrogen storage technology

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2021

Fraunhofer’s POWERPASTE releases hydrogen on contact with water. Hydrogen is not currently an option for small vehicles such as electric scooters and motorcycles, since the pressure surge during refilling would be too great. Only half of the hydrogen originates from the POWERPASTE; the rest comes from the added water.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Energy Storage Water Li-ion

Honda to advance fuel cell system as core of its hydrogen business; expansion to other areas; new FCEV in 2024

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 2, 2023

With the next-generation fuel cell system being co-developed with General Motors (GM), Honda will aim to more than double the durability and reduce the cost to one-third, in comparison to the fuel cell system installed in the 2019 Honda Clarity Fuel Cell. Construction machinery.

Honda

Honda Hydrogen Fuel North America

Siemens Energy secures 50 MW electrolyzer order from European Energy for first large-scale eMethanol project

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2022

Through the nearby 300 MW solar park of Kassø, developed by European Energy, the project will have access to the low-cost renewable electricity needed to produce cost-effective e-Fuel. For comparison: This is more than five times the total electricity consumption of Germany.

Energy

Energy Denmark Gas-Electric Fuel

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. A recent PSI study led by environmental scientist Christian Bauer found that a battery electric car is already the most environmentally friendly option in Switzerland and many other countries, even when the manufacture of the battery is figured in. Depletion of metal resources [kg iron-eq.].

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Sandia team puts power into local grid with supercritical CO2 closed-loop Brayton-cycle turbine

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2022

Sandia National Laboratories researchers recently delivered electricity produced by a new power-generating system to the Sandia-Kirtland Air Force Base electrical grid. The system uses heated supercritical carbon dioxide instead of steam to generate electricity and is based on a closed-loop Brayton cycle.

Grid

Grid Power Powered CO2

U. Mich study: natural-gas-based ICE, BEV and FCV all show promise for environmental benefits relative to conventional ICE

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Results of a lifecycle analysis by a team at the University of Michigan suggest that multiple types of natural gas-powered vehicles—i.e., Results of a lifecycle analysis by a team at the University of Michigan suggest that multiple types of natural gas-powered vehicles—i.e., —Dai and Lastoskie. Click to enlarge.

Gas

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion

bp begins shipping LNG from Mozambique’s first LNG project and first FLNG platform

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 15, 2022

bp has successfully loaded the first LNG cargo from Mozambique’s offshore Coral Sul FLNG (floating liquefied natural gas) facility, the country’s first LNG project and first floating LNG facility deployed in the ultra-deep waters of the African continent. FLNG vessels are floating LNG production, storage and offloading units.

Mozambique

Mozambique Gas-Electric Gas Waste

DOE study on domestic natural gas in the energy supply chain

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2012

The US’ large resource base of natural gas can be used for cost-effective power generation, with environmental burdens coming primarily from fuel combustion, not resource extraction, according to a new Department of Energy (DOE) study. Historically, the price of natural gas has been volatile.

Gas

Gas Supplies Energy Gas-Electric

Global Bioenergy Partnership publishes report on 24 sustainability indicators for bioenergy: electricity, heat and transport

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The report represents the first global, government-level consensus on sustainability indicators for bioenergy and is intended as a resource in helping countries assess and develop sustainable production and use of bioenergy for electricity, heat and transport. Water use and efficiency. Water quality. Environmental pillar.

Transportation

Transportation Global Water Pollution

Stanford researchers develop copper-based catalyst that produces ethanol from CO at room temperature; potential for closed-loop CO2-to-fuel process

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

volts versus the reversible hydrogen electrode) in CO-saturated alkaline water. For the Nature study, Kanan and Li built an electrochemical cell: two electrodes placed in water saturated with carbon monoxide gas. 57% of the electric current went into producing these two compounds from carbon monoxide).

Fuel

Fuel CO2 Carbon Conversion

Panasonic and Tokyo Gas introduce home fuel cell unit for condominiums

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2013

Panasonic Corporation and Tokyo Gas Co., The new units will be sold by Tokyo Gas from 1 April 2014. The product is the first commercialized fuel cell system in which the fuel cell unit, hot water unit and backup heat source unit can all be stored in the pipe shaft of the condominium. Water tank capacity. Hot water unit.

Gas

Gas Fuel Water Gas-Electric

VW’s 1.0 TSI in the new up! GTI wins International Engine of the Year 2018 award in its category; Euro 6d-TEMP

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2018

Exhaust gas after-treatment paired with innovative features inside the engine enables the GTI engine to meet the new EU 6AG (Euro 6d-TEMP) emission standard. As a comparison point, in 1976, the first Golf GTI delivered 140 N·m at 5,000 rpm.) It also comes with a gasoline particulate filter. The 85 kW / 115 PS 1.0 TSI in the up!

2018

2018 Engine International Exhaust

Life cycle study calculates Algenols algae-to-ethanol process can deliver 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint compared to gasoline

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2010

Algenol Biofuels’ Direct to Ethanol technology is based on an intracellular photosynthetic process in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) that produces ethanol that is excreted through the cell walls, collected from closed photobioreactors as a dilute ethanol-in-water solution, and purified to fuel grade ethanol. Algenol algae.

Carbon

Carbon Gasoline Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

AFC Energy launches alkaline fuel cell H-Power EV charger system

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 31, 2019

UK-based AFC Energy launched its H-Power electric vehicle (EV) charger based on alkaline hydrogen fuel cell technology. The self-contained charging system overcomes issues associated with poor grid coverage to provide rapid electric vehicle (EV) charging anywhere it is needed. Hydrogen generated from water electrolysis.

Fuel

Fuel Energy Power Powered

U Toronto and Fujitsu team use quantum-inspired computing to discover improved catalyst for hydrogen production

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2022

Scaling up the production of what we call green hydrogen is a priority for researchers around the world because it offers a carbon-free way to store electricity from any source. Nearly all commercial hydrogen is produced from natural gas. —Ted Sargent, senior author.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Production Store Design

MAHLE developing portfolio of solutions for fuel cell drives in commercial vehicles

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2018

Promising avenues include weight savings and extension of the cruising range in comparison with battery-powered solutions; fuel cell concepts may represent an attractive option for long-distance hauling, which requires heavy loads and large cruising ranges. As a result, the charge air coolers used must be resistant to ionized water.

Commercial

Commercial Fuel Vehicles Water

Thüga Group begins construction of power-to-gas demonstration plant in Frankfurt

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2013

The Thüga Group has now started construction of its Power-to-Gas demonstration plant in Frankfurt. Thirteen Thüga partners will test over the course of three years the power-to-gas storage technology using the gas distribution network. The municipal gas distribution networks can manage these quantities in principle.

Gas

Gas Power Powered Gas-Electric

Injection of hydrogen into the German gas distribution grid from power-to-gas demo plant

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

ITM Power, with its partners Mainova Aktiengesellschaft and NRM Netzdienste Rhein-Main GmbH, has injected hydrogen into the German gas distribution network from the Thüga Group’s power-to-gas demonstration plant. The electrolyzer supplies the hydrogen-methane mixture at the same pressure as the gas distribution network—3.5

Gas

Gas Hydrogen Grid Power

Honda unveils demonstration test house featuring Honda smart home system; gas, solar power and electromobility

Green Car Congress

APRIL 23, 2012

HSHS controls in-house energy supply and demand, and helps manage both the generation and consumption of energy for the home such as heat and electricity, while utilizing mobility products. Through this demonstration testing, Honda will aim to reduce CO 2 by 50% (in comparison to year 2000). Honda Motor Co., Earlier post.)

Honda

Honda Gas Solar Power

KPMG study identifies 10 sustainability “megaforces” with accelerating impacts on business; imperative of sustainability changing the automotive business radically

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

The KPMG study, “Expect the Unexpected: Building Business Value in a Changing World”, explores issues such as climate change, energy and fuel volatility, water availability and cost and resource availability, as well as population growth spawning new urban centers. Population Growth: The world population is expected to grow to 8.4

Climate Change

Climate Change Water Climate Global

Audi testing find e-ethanol and e-diesel produced by Joule often perform better than conventional counterparts

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2014

Our test shows that as well as electric driving on renewable electricity, there are other concepts that permit long-distance, low-emission driving. Fuel specifications are not publicly available yet, nor are emissions results and comparisons. —Reiner Mangold, Head of Sustainable Product Development at Audi.

Audi

Audi Diesel Fuel New Mexico

New full LCA highlights complexity of environmental advantages and disadvantages of EVs relative to ICE vehicles; the importance of life cycle thinking

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2012

Researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have compared the emissions resulting from the production, use, and end-of-life of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles (EVs and ICEVs) in a full life-cycle analysis (LCA). This has led to a general perception of EVs as an environmentally benign technology.

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric Vehicles Coal Gasoline

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The publication gives the opportunity for an “apples-to-apples” comparison between the environmental impacts of the two types of powertrains: same manufacturer, same model, same boundary conditions. Electric Fluence Z.E.

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

ITM Power reports its estimated cost of producing hydrogen via electrolysis down significantly from last year

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2013

kg after capital amortization—incorporates efficiency improvements, cost reduction of its HGas platform and data provided by Hyundai for the ix35 fuel cell electric vehicle ( earlier post ). In addition to capital cost and electricity consumption, the analysis includes an indicative annual maintenance cost and utilization factor.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Cost Of Power Powered

Ricardo and Univ. of Brighton working on advanced combustion system for heavy-duty vehicles; CoolR features recuperated split-cycle with isothermal compression using cryogenic injection

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. Recuperator to transfer heat from exhaust gas to compressed air. A recuperated combustion engine transfers exhaust heat to the working gas at the end of compression and at constant volume.

Exhaust

Exhaust Concept Vehicles Engine

U Glasgow chemists develop new electrolyzer architecture for H2 production 30X faster than current electrolyzers at equivalent platinum loading

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2014

The process also solves common problems associated with generating electricity from renewable sources such as solar, wind or wave energy. Hence, if the energy source is renewable, H 2 can be produced sustainably from water using electrolysis. A schematic of silicotungstic acid–mediated H 2 evolution from water. Click to enlarge.

Production

Production Hydrogen Water Renewable

H2Carrier receives AiP from DNV for P2XFloater floating hydrogen and ammonia facility

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2022

The concept is based on proven floating production, storage and off-take technologies combined with an e-control system capable of balancing renewable electricity feedstock through a fully integrated PEM and Haber-Bosch system. Green hydrogen is produced by pumping seawater onboard, purifying the water and feeding it to electrolyzers.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Norway Wind Renewable

Hy Stor Energy developing green hydrogen hub in Mississippi

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2021

As a comparison, Air Products’ newly announced blue hydrogen megaproject in Louisiana will produce some 1.8 During its first phase, the Mississippi Clean Hydrogen Hub is expected to produce an estimated 110 million kilograms (kg) of green hydrogen annually and store more than 70 million kg of green hydrogen in its underground salt caverns. (As

Mississippi

Mississippi Hydrogen Green Energy

U Delaware team develops prototype efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for transportation

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

However, the scale of biofuels is limited by their environmental footprint, considering the land and water usage. However, the challenges of transmission, distribution, and high-pressure storage of a low-density gas have hampered the adoption of hydrogen PEMFC technology. —Zhao et al. Zhao et al.

Delaware

Delaware Transportation Fuel Hydrogen

Volkswagen Unveils New One-Liter Concept Car; Smallest Production-Intent Diesel Yet from Volkswagen Applied in A Full Hybrid Design

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2009

The diesel-electric full-hybrid vehicle, weighing just 380 kilograms (838 lbs), offers an initial glimpse at how a future production version might appear. The L1 also has a Stop-Start system, which automatically shuts off the drive unit when the vehicle is at a stop and restarts it when the gas or E-pedal is pressed. Click to enlarge.

Diesel

Diesel Concept Design Hybrid

Virginia Tech professor proposes simple biomass-to-wheel efficiency analysis to inform decisions on biomass/biofuel/powertrain combinations; the advantage of sugar fuel cell vehicles

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2011

Comparison of biomass-to-wheel (BTW) efficiency for different biomass utilization scenarios. Sugar Fuel Cell Vehicles and BEVs charged with electricity from a fuel cell (green bars) were the most efficient. Huang and Zhang. Click to enlarge. Among the findings: The current corn ethanol/ICE scenario has η BTW value of ~7%—i.e.,

Virginia

Virginia Fuel Hydrogen Gas-Electric

Oil sands GHG lifecycle study using operating data finds lower emitting oil sands cases outperform higher emitting conventional crude cases; a call for more sophisticated tools and reporting

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). The diluent used in the dilbit can be natural gas condensate or naphtha.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Gas-Electric Emissions

Mitsubishi Heavy delivers “super eco-ship” to Tokai Kisen

Green Car Congress

JUNE 6, 2014

The system comprises single-shaft propulsion propellers driven by low-speed marine diesel engine and electric-drive azimuth propulsion propellers that enable the direction of propulsion power to be changed freely. The ship is also equipped with a system that utilizes exhaust gas thermal energy more efficiently.

Mitsubishi

Mitsubishi Mariner Diesel Exhaust

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

Comparison of O 3. Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. Mathew et al.

Ozone

Ozone Toyota Pollution Suzuki

Toyota introduces second-generation Mirai fuel cell electric vehicle as design and technology flagship

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2020

For 2021, Toyota has fully rebooted the Mirai, originally offered in 2016, as a premium rear-wheel drive sports-luxury fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) with striking design, cutting-edge technology, more engaging driving performance and a significantly longer EPA-estimated range rating. turning circle for easy maneuverability.

Toyota

Toyota Design Electric Vehicles Fuel

Opinion: Debunking the mythsWhy fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are viable for the mass market

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2014

Public-private investment initiatives, government funding for infrastructure and consumer subsidies, falling production costs and notably, the commitment to future OEM launches of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs)—all indicate a clear road to adoption. Myth #2: Hydrogen gas is dangerous to store and use.

Fuel

Fuel Electric Vehicles Market Hydrogen

Ecolectro secures $1.7M ARPA-E award for development of alkaline exchange membranes and ionomers for fuel cells and electrolyzers

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2018

Alkaline fuel cells (AFCs) that are assembled with alkaline anion exchange membranes (AAEMs) have several significant advantages in comparison to state-of-the-art proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). (1) 2) Oxidation of direct alcohol fuels (e.g., methanol and ethanol) is also significantly faster in AFCs. (3)

Fuel

Fuel Polymer New York Hydrogen

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Geely’s CRI investment and work with renewable methanol is similar to the approach Audi is taking with its own e-fuels projects—producing very low carbon liquid or gaseous fuels using only renewable energy, water and CO 2. Their results showed that in comparison with gasoline mode, CO emitted in methanol mode decreased 11.2%.

Renewable

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

World primary energy demand by fuel in the IEA high gas scenario. Separately, the International Energy Agency (IEA) released its own report exploring the potential for a “golden age” of gas. Both reports also emphasized that although natural gas is the lowest carbon fossil fuel, it is still a fossil fuel. Source: IEA.

MIT

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric

Construction to start on Keliber’s lithium refinery; €588M investment in full project

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2022

Energy sources will be steam, natural gas and electricity, which contributes to Keliber’s relatively low CO 2 emissions in comparison with current lithium hydroxide production chains. Circulated process water will account for about 80% of the refinery’s total process water consumption.

Lithium Ion

Lithium Ion Finland Water Grant

Toyota introducing new series of gasoline engines with gain of at least 10% fuel efficiency; up to 38% maximum thermal efficiency

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

Toyota has taken a number of measures to reduce friction, including a modified piston skirt surface; plastic-coated bearing; new structure water jacket spacer; reduced capacity oil pump; and auxiliary belt with reduced bending loss. Low friction. liter engine with max 38% thermal efficiency. liter engine. Click to enlarge. Meanwhile, a 1.0-liter

Gasoline

Gasoline Toyota Engine Fuel

New liquid hydrogen carrier would transport green H2 from Scotland to Germany

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

Fraunhofer suggests e-scooters as application for its magnesium hydride paste hydrogen storage technology

Honda to advance fuel cell system as core of its hydrogen business; expansion to other areas; new FCEV in 2024

Siemens Energy secures 50 MW electrolyzer order from European Energy for first large-scale eMethanol project

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Sandia team puts power into local grid with supercritical CO2 closed-loop Brayton-cycle turbine

U. Mich study: natural-gas-based ICE, BEV and FCV all show promise for environmental benefits relative to conventional ICE

bp begins shipping LNG from Mozambique’s first LNG project and first FLNG platform

DOE study on domestic natural gas in the energy supply chain

Global Bioenergy Partnership publishes report on 24 sustainability indicators for bioenergy: electricity, heat and transport

Stanford researchers develop copper-based catalyst that produces ethanol from CO at room temperature; potential for closed-loop CO2-to-fuel process

Panasonic and Tokyo Gas introduce home fuel cell unit for condominiums

VW’s 1.0 TSI in the new up! GTI wins International Engine of the Year 2018 award in its category; Euro 6d-TEMP

Life cycle study calculates Algenols algae-to-ethanol process can deliver 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint compared to gasoline

AFC Energy launches alkaline fuel cell H-Power EV charger system

U Toronto and Fujitsu team use quantum-inspired computing to discover improved catalyst for hydrogen production

MAHLE developing portfolio of solutions for fuel cell drives in commercial vehicles

Thüga Group begins construction of power-to-gas demonstration plant in Frankfurt

Injection of hydrogen into the German gas distribution grid from power-to-gas demo plant

Honda unveils demonstration test house featuring Honda smart home system; gas, solar power and electromobility

KPMG study identifies 10 sustainability “megaforces” with accelerating impacts on business; imperative of sustainability changing the automotive business radically

Audi testing find e-ethanol and e-diesel produced by Joule often perform better than conventional counterparts

New full LCA highlights complexity of environmental advantages and disadvantages of EVs relative to ICE vehicles; the importance of life cycle thinking

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

ITM Power reports its estimated cost of producing hydrogen via electrolysis down significantly from last year

Ricardo and Univ. of Brighton working on advanced combustion system for heavy-duty vehicles; CoolR features recuperated split-cycle with isothermal compression using cryogenic injection

U Glasgow chemists develop new electrolyzer architecture for H2 production 30X faster than current electrolyzers at equivalent platinum loading

H2Carrier receives AiP from DNV for P2XFloater floating hydrogen and ammonia facility

Hy Stor Energy developing green hydrogen hub in Mississippi

U Delaware team develops prototype efficient direct ammonia fuel cell for transportation

Volkswagen Unveils New One-Liter Concept Car; Smallest Production-Intent Diesel Yet from Volkswagen Applied in A Full Hybrid Design

Virginia Tech professor proposes simple biomass-to-wheel efficiency analysis to inform decisions on biomass/biofuel/powertrain combinations; the advantage of sugar fuel cell vehicles

Oil sands GHG lifecycle study using operating data finds lower emitting oil sands cases outperform higher emitting conventional crude cases; a call for more sophisticated tools and reporting

Mitsubishi Heavy delivers “super eco-ship” to Tokai Kisen

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

Toyota introduces second-generation Mirai fuel cell electric vehicle as design and technology flagship

Opinion: Debunking the mythsWhy fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are viable for the mass market

Ecolectro secures $1.7M ARPA-E award for development of alkaline exchange membranes and ionomers for fuel cells and electrolyzers

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Construction to start on Keliber’s lithium refinery; €588M investment in full project

Toyota introducing new series of gasoline engines with gain of at least 10% fuel efficiency; up to 38% maximum thermal efficiency

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