Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Researchers at Stanford University have developed a nanocrystalline copper material that produces multi-carbon oxygenates (ethanol, acetate and n-propanol) with up to 57% Faraday efficiency at modest potentials (–0.25?volts The research was supported by Stanford University, the National Science Foundation and the US Department of Energy.

Fuel 300

Fuel CO2 Carbon Conversion 300

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2011

The team also suggested that algae systems can be either net energy positive or negative depending on the specific combination of cultivation and conversion processes used. Unit operations pertinent to assessment of four specific conversion pathways are shaded (gray) in panels A-D at bottom. Credit: ACS, Clarens et al. Earlier post.)

Transportation 278

Transportation Energy Conversion Water 278

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2014

A catalyst made from a foamy form of copper has different electrochemical properties from catalysts made with smooth copper in reactions involving carbon dioxide, according to a new study by a team from Brown University. The work in the study is part of a larger effort by Browns Center for the Capture and Conversion of CO 2.

CO2 291

CO2 Production Conversion Hydrogen 291

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

Business-as-usual’ projections of future conversion rates, based on historical rates over the past two decades, indicate that 6–9 Mha of peatland in insular Southeast Asia may be converted to plantations by the year 2020, unless land use planning policies or markets for products change. —Miettinen et al. Chris Malins. Asner, Simon N.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2016

A team from The University of Manchester and East China University has developed a process for the direct hydrodeoxygenation of raw woods into liquid alkanes with mass yields up to 28.1 wt% wt% over a multifunctional Pt/NbOPO 4 catalyst in cyclohexane. The reactions were conducted at 190 °C and 5 MPa H 2 for 20 h.

Conversion 150

Conversion Fuel Energy Convert 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2014

The purpose of the study, reported in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels , was to determine whether AlcoMix,the probable outcome of the thermochemical conversion of biomass using Fischer–Tropsch chemistry with synthesis gas, might be a suitable replacement for ethanol in fuel blending as an antiknock blending component for spark-ignited engines.

Fuel 239

Fuel San Diego Gasoline Austria 239

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2021

Most contemporary DAC approaches utilize energy poorly, as evident by second-law efficiencies for CO 2 separation of 1 to 9% (for comparison, post-combustion capture from coal exhaust attains second-law efficiencies greater than 20%). Science-Driven Synthesis and Assembly of Innovative Materials for Direct Air Capture.

Carbon 360

Carbon Exhaust Energy Water 360

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2015

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have identified a new material to catalyze the conversion of CO 2 via hydrogenation to methanol (CH 3 OH): size-selected Cu 4 clusters—clusters of four copper atoms each, called tetramers—supported on Al 2 O 3 thin films. Image courtesy Larry Curtiss; click to view larger.)

Conversion 150

Conversion CO2 Carbon Hydrogen 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2012

Researchers at the University of Alberta (Canada) have quantified the transformation of the boreal landscape by open-pit oil sands mining in Alberta, Canada to evaluate its effect on carbon storage and sequestration. —Rooney et al.

Oil-Sands 270

Oil-Sands Oil Carbon Conversion 270

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2014

Scientists from Stanford University, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and the Technical University of Denmark have identified a new nickel-gallium catalyst that converts hydrogen and carbon dioxide into methanol at ambient pressure and with fewer side-products than the conventional catalyst.

Low Cost 257

Low Cost Cleaning Clean Production 257

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2012

Pacala, Princeton University; James J. Chameides, Duke University; and Steven P. GWPs were established to allow for comparisons among GHGs [greenhouse gases] at one point in time after emission but only add confusion when evaluating environmental benefits or policy tradeoffs over time.

Climate Change 270

Climate Change Climate Gas Coal 270

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Results of a lifecycle analysis by a team at the University of Michigan suggest that multiple types of natural gas-powered vehicles—i.e., A mid-sized ICE vehicle driven in the United States was also investigated as a basis for comparison. Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … Credit: ACS, Dai and Lastoskie.

Gas 218

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2010

A University of Wisconsin-Madison research team has developed a chemical process for the hydrolysis of biomass into sugars for subsequent processing into fuels and chemicals that delivers sugar yields approaching those of enzymatic hydrolysis. Furthermore, the hydrolysate products are readily converted into ethanol by microorganisms.

Wisconsin 170

Wisconsin Universal Fuel Water 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2018

A new study by a team from Aarhus University in Denmark has found that car dealerships pose a significant barrier to electric vehicle adoption at the point of sale due to a perceived lack of business case viability in relation to gasoline and diesel vehicles. Their study is published in the journal Nature.

Iceland 231

Iceland Denmark Finland Norway 231

Green Car Congress

JUNE 28, 2009

Researchers at Tsinghua University in China have shown that sugarcane juice is a good feedstock for biodiesel production, when used to support the growth of the alga Chlorella protothecoides by heterotrophic fermentation. Conversion ratios of sugar/biomass and sugar/oil using SCH were 15.2 higher than that using glucose, respectively.

Juice 236

Juice Oil Conversion Carbon 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2010

CoalTek, teaming with the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research in Lexington, Ky., Duke University in Durham, N.C., and the University of North Dakota Energy and Environment Research Center in Grand Forks, N.D., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Blacksburg, Va.)-Partnering

Coal 218

Coal Hydrogen Fuel Power 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Model scope includes all upstream processing of biomass material; conversion to liquid or solid fuel is intentionally excluded. For all crops, the entire plant was used to facilitate comparison on a total energy basis. Biofuel conversion processes were excluded from the scope of the analysis. Credit: ACS, Clarens et al.

Water 218

Water Waste Energy Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2010

Pyrolysis bio-oils are produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in the absence of oxygen at more than 500 °C; fast pyrolysis of biomass is much less expensive than biomass conversion technologies based on gasification or fermentation processes. In comparison, increasing the H/C eff ratio of pyrolysis oil from 0 to 1.4

Oil 225

Oil Convert Hydrogen Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2022

These deposits severely limit low-temperature NO x conversion and increase fuel consumption as high-temperature engine operations are required to remove the deposits. SwRI’s novel technology decreases NO x and carbon dioxide emissions for diesel engines by significantly reducing undesirable deposit formation in exhaust systems.

Diesel 284

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine 284

Green Car Congress

JUNE 3, 2011

GHG emission comparison between fossil diesel, transesterified lipids, HVO and woody BTL. If HVO is produced from waste feedstocks with low upstream impacts, the high conversion efficiency of the HVO production process will make HVO the preferred fuel to BTL from any woody feedstock, even woody waste. Sunde et al. Click to enlarge.

Oil 239

Oil Renewable Fuel Waste 239

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2013

Researchers at Arizona State University have shown that paper-folding concepts can be applied to Li-ion batteries in order to realize a device with higher areal energy densities. Comparison of areal discharge capacities for planar, 1-fold, 2-fold, and 3-fold batteries. Areal discharge capacities for Miura-folded versus unfolded cells.

Li-ion 331

Li-ion Concept Energy Battery 331

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2019

Electroactive microbes also allow for the use of other types of renewable electricity to power these conversions. The current study is the first that gathers in one place all of the data needed to make an apples-to-apples comparison of the efficiency of all these different modes of carbon fixation, Barstow said.

Energy Storage 274

Energy Storage Engine Energy Polymer 274

Green Car Congress

JULY 30, 2013

A German consortium involving four companies and and two universities is developing dielectric elastomers (electroactive polymers) for the conversion of mechanical energy—in this case wave power—into electrical power. The Technical University of Darmstadt is developing a method for testing the electroactive polymers.

Polymer 207

Polymer Power Powered Convert 207

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2010

A comparison of estimates of the energy return on investment (EROI) at the wellhead for conventional crude oil, or for crude product prior to refining for oil shale. While one could argue that the char and gas produced and consumed within the shale conversion process has zero opportunity cost—i.e., Source: Cleveland and O’Connor.

Oil 199

Oil Cleveland Carbon Boston 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2018

Typically the steam cracking of ethane has a conversion rate of 70%, with ethylene yields of about 50%. Comparison of process energies and carbon footprint in NDP and steam cracking. (a) a) A comparison of the process energies for ethylene production from ethane. (b) Ding et al. Click to enlarge.

Idaho 218

Idaho Energy Hydrogen Manufacturer 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2014

The study led by University of Nebraska-Lincoln assistant professor Adam Liska, funded through a three-year, $500,000-grant from the US Department of Energy, used carbon dioxide measurements taken from 2001 to 2010 to validate a soil carbon model that was built using data from 36 field studies across North America. Liska et al.

Climate Change 265

Climate Change Nebraska Climate Carbon 265

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2010

Despite this potential, the production capacity for microalgae is presently limited in comparison to land-based energy crops. As an example for comparison with land-based oleaginous crops, the world production of palm oil is nearly 40 million tons, with a market value of ~0.50 /kg. The perspective by René H. Wijffels and Maria J.

Portugal 199

Portugal Oil Convert Solar 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2009

Densities for steel springs and Li-ion batteries provide a comparison. Any system that requires conversion from mechanical energy to electrical and back again, using a generator and then a motor, will lose some of its energy in the process through friction and other processes that produce waste heat. Hill et al. Click to enlarge.

Energy Storage 231

Energy Storage Li-ion MIT Carbon 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2014

Chemists from the University of Glasgow (Scotland) have developed a new method for hydrogen production that is 30 times faster than current state-of-the-art proton exchange membrane electrolyzers at equivalent platinum loading. The research team was led by Professor Lee Cronin of the University of Glasgow’s School of Chemistry.

Production 230

Production Hydrogen Water Renewable 230

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Property comparison. Participants in the project include Cargill, Johnston Timber, Aquaflow, Blue Marble Energy, National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Michigan Technological University. As a result, the technology is highly flexible and is economical for both small- and large-scale applications. Fast Pyrolysis Oil IH 2 product.

Diesel 199

Diesel Production Gasoline Renewable 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 29, 2010

Researchers at Nanjing University and Anhui Polytechnic University in China have synthesized zinc orthogermanate (Zn 2 GeO 4 ) ultralong nanoribbons which show promising photocatalytic activity toward the reduction of CO 2 into renewable methane (CH 4 ) and water. Tags: Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Emissions Fuels.

Renewable 186

Renewable CO2 Water Conversion 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2014

In electronic devices, WBG semiconductors can eliminate up to 90% of the power losses that currently occur during AC-to-DC and DC-to-AC electricity conversion, and they can handle voltages more than 10 times higher than Si-based devices, greatly enhancing performance in high-power applications. million to a $3.8-million GaN Systems, Inc.;

Power 218

Power Powered Future United Kingdom 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2009

This, they assert, erroneously treats all uses of bioenergy as carbon-neutral, renewable energy regardless of the source of the biomass, and could create strong economic incentives for large-scale land conversion as countries around the world tighten carbon caps. Earlier post.). In this way, RFA said, biofuels “recycle” organic carbon.

Emissions 285

Emissions Carbon Climate Change Climate 285

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

Researchers at the Future Renewable Electric Energy Distribution and Management (FREEDM) Systems Center at North Carolina State University have developed an inverter for hybrid and electric vehicles using off-the-shelf components made of the wide-bandgap semiconductor material silicon carbide (SiC). kW/L by 2020.

Congress 150

Congress ECC Milwaukee North Carolina 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2016

A team of scientists from the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory, the University of Pennsylvania, and the University of Maryland, College Park, has developed an electron microscopy technique to visualize—in real time and at high resolution—lithiation pathways in electrode materials. Source: BNL.

Li-ion 150

Li-ion Lithium Ion Conversion Pennsylvania 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

Researchers at the State Key Lab of Matrix Composites at Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China have described a new design strategy to produce an “Artificial Inorganic Leaf” (AIL), which could lead to working prototypes that capture solar energy and use it efficiently to change water into hydrogen fuel.

Design 170

Design Hydrogen San Francisco Production 170

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2023

Overall, a conversion to battery-powered electric rideshare fleets could reduce the costs to society by 3-11% per trip, depending on the cost assigned to greenhouse gas emissions, the researchers say. Major ridesourcing companies Uber and Lyft have promised all-electric fleets by 2030 in an effort to reduce their carbon footprint.

Fleet 195

Fleet Carbon All-Electric Emissions 195