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developed a halogen conversion–intercalation chemistry in graphite that produces composite electrodes with a capacity of 243 mAh g -1 (for the total weight of the electrode) at an average potential of 4.2 Proposed conversion–intercalation chemistry. A team of researchers led by a group from the University of Maryland has. Yang et al.
The result is a set of usable conversion factors for distance-based CO 2 emissions among the different driving cycles. The direct comparison of CO 2 or FC standards’ stringencies from different regions not only depends on the different driving cycles applied but also on the technical characteristics of the regional vehicle fleets.
Schematic comparison between direct photosynthetic (top) and algal biomass (bottom) processes. Sum of individual contributions and accumulated photon losses for two fuel processes and a theoretical maximum for energy conversion. Source: Robertson et al. Click to enlarge. Source: Robertson et al. Click to enlarge.
In comparison with other two-dimensional materials such as graphene, there is no need to play with the chemistry of molybdenum disulfide, or insert any host materials to get catalytic activity, noted Bijandra Kumar, UIC post-doctoral fellow and co-first author of the paper. Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Catalysts Fuels'
Gas chromatography comparison of Conoco fuel and a Conoco-CoolPlanet blend. Cool Planet has devised a biomass-to-liquids thermochemical conversion process that simultaneously produces liquid fuels and sequesterable biochar useful as a soil amendment. One of the catalytic conversion processes creates the high-octane gasoline blendstock.
AMP will use the Remy HVH250 electric motors in their custom electric vehicle conversions. The first two vehicles available for AMP conversions are the GM Saturn Sky and the GM Pontiac Solstice. By comparison, a full hybrid application yielded only a 5 °C difference between the two motor technologies over the same drive cycle.
VWCV partner eClassics is planning to offer T1 conversions and T1 complete vehicles in the style of the new e-BULLI. As the basis for the future e-BULLI the team chose a T1 Samba Bus produced in Hannover in 1966, which prior to its conversion spent half a century on the roads of California.
The high thermoelectric figure of merit is expected to enable the conversion of 14% of heat waste to electricity. ZT of ball-milled and hot-pressed sample in comparison with that of the ingot. The ZT of a control sample with no SrTe is also shown for comparison. at ~800 K (527 °C) by structurally modifying lead telluride.
In light of the United States’ renewed effort to achieve a net zero carbon economy, our research team believes this critical review is a timely contribution to establishing an accurate, common understanding of the greenhouse gas profile for corn ethanol in comparison to gasoline refined from crude oil. gCO 2 e/MJ (range of 37.6
The conversion and endothermic heats of reaction were measured over a Pd-Al 2 O 3 catalyst at 60 bar and temperatures between 500 and 600 °C. 1 were obtained, with conversions greater than 80% at 600 °C. For comparison, the reaction of methylcyclohexane formed tars that quickly blocked the reactor, even at 500 °C on this catalyst.
” Right away, I thought, “ugh… ” I conducted cost of ownership analyses and comparisons between gas cars and electric cars for years, and anyone who has done even one. continued] The post Conversations on Costs of EV Charging vs. Fueling a Gas Car Are Misleading appeared first on CleanTechnica.
Germany’s BMDV (Federal Ministry of Digital Affairs and Transport) has been funding the conversion to climate-friendly transport fleets as part of the "Directive for the Promotion of Alternative Drives in Passenger Transport". The second call for funding is currently being planned and is to be published in the second quarter of 2022.
The Gas Technology Institute (GTI) in Des Plaines, IL, recently added a new Pilot-Scale IH 2 Plant to broaden biomass-to-liquid hydrocarbon fuel conversion. This is over 70% efficient energy conversion, and the production of exportable steam can raise the overall process efficiency even higher. Earlier post.).
In a similar way, the full breadth of impacts attributable to conventional gasoline production, such as natural resource consumption and hazardous pollutant emissions, must also be considered in order to make balanced comparisons to biofuels. This study highlighted the environmental impacts of corn ethanol in comparison with gasoline.
The team also suggested that algae systems can be either net energy positive or negative depending on the specific combination of cultivation and conversion processes used. Unit operations pertinent to assessment of four specific conversion pathways are shaded (gray) in panels A-D at bottom. Earlier post.) Earlier post.) times and 15.7
estimated that with conversion by hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and upgrading, the wet waste resource availability in the United States could be converted to jet fuel that is equivalent to about 24% of the U.S. Skaggs et al. demand in 2016.
The superior performance of the catalyst allows simultaneous conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and, more significantly, lignin fractions in wood sawdust into hexane, pentane and alkylcyclohexanes, respectively. wt% over a multifunctional Pt/NbOPO 4 catalyst in cyclohexane. The reactions were conducted at 190 °C and 5 MPa H 2 for 20 h.
In comparison to smooth copper electrodes, the faradaic efficiencies of CO, methane, and ethylene are reduced significantly, whereas C 2 and C 3 products such as ethane and propylene are produced in small but detectable quantities—overall, a very different product outcome than obtained from planar electrodes. Sujat Sen, Dan Liu, and G.
The material’s selectivity for oxygenates, with ethanol as the major product, demonstrates the feasibility of a two-step conversion of CO 2 to liquid fuel that could be powered by renewable electricity, the team suggests in their paper published in the journal Nature. Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Catalysts Ethanol'
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have identified a new material to catalyze the conversion of CO 2 via hydrogenation to methanol (CH 3 OH): size-selected Cu 4 clusters—clusters of four copper atoms each, called tetramers—supported on Al 2 O 3 thin films. Image courtesy Larry Curtiss; click to view larger.)
mgPt cm -2 ) is shown for comparison (dashed line). The carbon-iron-cobalt catalyst fuel cells also effectively completed the conversion of hydrogen and oxygen into water, rather than producing large amounts of undesirable hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide yield <1.0%). Performance of an H 2 -air fuel cell with a Pt cathode (0.2
Their analysis suggests that carbon storage loss caused by peatland conversion could be equivalent to as much as 7 years worth of carbon emissions by mining and upgrading (at 2010 levels). An open-access paper on their work is published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences of the United States (PNAS).
MC-ZSM-5/MCM-41 catalyst is efficient in the catalytic cracking reaction of vegetable oil sludge as it has higher conversion and selectivity for LPG and gasoline products in comparison to the pyrolysis process.
Business-as-usual’ projections of future conversion rates, based on historical rates over the past two decades, indicate that 6–9 Mha of peatland in insular Southeast Asia may be converted to plantations by the year 2020, unless land use planning policies or markets for products change. Chris Malins. Soares-Filho, Gregory P. Asner, Simon N.
DE-FOA-0000705 ) The funding will support one project to deploy and test a wave energy conversion device for one year at the US Navy’s Wave Energy Test Site in Kaneohe Bay, on the island of Oahu. For comparison, the United States uses 4,000 terawatt hours of electricity each year.
In comparison to hydrogen, liquefied ammonia makes it easier to transport large volumes to wherever it is needed. Kolb The conversion of hydrogen into ammonia is a viable option for using it as an energy source both on-site for industrial processes on a large scale as well as on a decentralized basis in the logistics sector.
By comparison, 69% of steel today is made at approximately 1,600 degrees Celsius (2,912 degrees Fahrenheit) using coal, emitting about two tons of carbon dioxide for every ton of steel produced. Conversion of iron ore into iron accounts for 90% of steelmaking emissions that may be eliminated using Electra’s process.
Conversions are expensive, noted Lyle Shuey, Bright VP of Marketing and Sales, and the converted Transporters will not be as efficient as the purpose-built IDEA. By way of comparison, the IDEA is designed to have a 30-mile AER with fuel economy of 100 mpg. Tags: Batteries Conversions Plug-ins. Specification. 100 mpg (2.4
Specific energies and energy densities including conversion losses. By way of comparison, a filling station to pump hydrogen at high pressure currently costs between one and two million euros for each fuel pump. This is a specific energy of 1.6 kWh/kg and an energy density of 1.9 Source: Fraunhofer IFAM.
Most contemporary DAC approaches utilize energy poorly, as evident by second-law efficiencies for CO 2 separation of 1 to 9% (for comparison, post-combustion capture from coal exhaust attains second-law efficiencies greater than 20%). Science-Driven Synthesis and Assembly of Innovative Materials for Direct Air Capture.
Qiang Dai and Christian Lastoskie found that BEVs and FCVs in particular offer significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, especially if carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies are implemented at the fuel conversion facilities. Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … Credit: ACS, Dai and Lastoskie.
The purpose of the study, reported in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels , was to determine whether AlcoMix,the probable outcome of the thermochemical conversion of biomass using Fischer–Tropsch chemistry with synthesis gas, might be a suitable replacement for ethanol in fuel blending as an antiknock blending component for spark-ignited engines.
Comparison of the performance of state-of-the-art, Li-ion batteries compared to targets for EVs, eVTOLs, and 737-class aircraft. Then, DOE and NASA will consider organizing a brainstorming session to identify ways for very high-energy density electrochemical energy storage/conversion that could enable electric propulsion for large aircrafts.
In comparison to removal of CO 2 from the ambient air, or direct air capture (DAC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) exists at a higher volumetric concentration, meaning smaller volumes of fluid can move through the system per unit carbon removed.
A comparison between NMC 811 and three high-manganese cathodes (LMFP, Li-Mn-rich, LNMO) shows that trade-offs in performance are always involved. Comparison between NMC 811 and three high-manganese cathodes (LMFP, Li-Mn-rich, LNMO). Li-Mn-rich (xLi 2 MnO 3 ·(1 - x)LiMO 3 where M = Ni, Mn, Co).
High-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are very efficient for the direct conversion of chemical fuels to electricity. Conceptual diagram of oxidation-reduction cycle of ceramic fuel cells and comparison of new concept vs. deterioration rate of conventional fuel plates. —Park et al.
The conversion of biomass to cellulosic ethanol is the most efficient and productive use of biomass to create a high-octane, environmentally friendly transportation fuel, according to a perspective paper published in the Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology. Comparison of yields of ethanol vs other reduced products.
We are hugely excited to begin the conversion of these eight buses and see them on the roads of the local area. Repurposing an existing bus chassis and body can save 90 tonnes of embedded CO 2 , in comparison to producing brand new electric double deck buses.
In 126 “mystery shopper” experiences at 82 car dealerships across Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, the team found that that dealers were dismissive of EVs; misinformed shoppers on vehicle specifications; omitted EVs from the sales conversation; and strongly oriented customers towards gasoline and diesel vehicle options.
The key component here is a new, water-cooled electric motor, the peak output of which was doubled to 30 kW in comparison with that used previously. Instead, it is the conversion of electrically stored energy into traction in general. Electric-only driving is therefore possible up to a speed range of 80 to 90 km/h.
Comparison of baseline and dDSF CO 2 and NO x on HD FTP cycle and LLC. This allows for more efficient conversion of pollutants in the catalyst and reduced NO x , at no additional after treatment hardware cost. Source: Tula. Additional synergies can be gained by coupling dDSF with hybridization.
Third, the analysis offers a novel comparison of drivetrain and energy carrier production pathways based on natural resource categories. Fuel cell drivetrains using hydrogen produced via electrolysis are more sensitive to variations in the electricity mix compared to plug-in vehicles due to a lower overal energy conversion efficiency chain.
GWPs were established to allow for comparisons among GHGs [greenhouse gases] at one point in time after emission but only add confusion when evaluating environmental benefits or policy tradeoffs over time. CNG vehicles fare even worse in comparison to heavy-duty diesel vehicles. This would eventually be offset by a modest benefit.
The tremendous ground clearance is made possible by the conversion to portal axles: unlike conventional axles, the wheels are not at the height of the axle centre, but are instead situated much lower down on the axle hubs owing to the portal gears. Or conversely, the entire vehicle moves up. The reprogrammed.
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