Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2012

The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has released a follow-on study to its 2009 evaluation of the economic and environmental performance of Coal-to-Liquids (CTL) and CTL with modest amounts of biomass mixed in (15% by weight) for the production of zero-sulfure diesel fuel. This equates to diesel prices in the range of $2.70

Coal 225

Coal Diesel Oil Prices Water 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2009

Australia’s Syngas Limited has engaged Rentech to provide Fischer-Tropsch fuels production preliminary engineering services for Syngas’ proposed commercial scale coal and biomass to liquids (CBTL) fuels facility in Southern Australia, known as the Clinton Project. Additionally, the Clinton coal fluidizes well. Gas Conditioning.

Coal 218

Coal Australia Diesel Oil Prices 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2013

China is about to become the largest oil-importing country and India becomes the largest importer of coal by the early 2020s. The Middle East becomes the world’s second-largest gas consumer by 2020 and third-largest oil consumer by 2030, redefining its role in global energy markets. Mobility and oil. Source: IEA.

Oil 275

Oil 2013 Energy Emissions 275

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

SES and Zuari have been investigating business development opportunities where SES’ U-GAS technology for coal gasification can be integrated into industrial projects in India, including the potential for application of the U-GAS technology in Zuari’s own industrial plants and potential plant expansions.

Coal 199

Coal India Industrial Industry 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2010

Comparison of coal consumption and CO 2 emissions for co-production and separate production of liquids and power. Conventional CTL plant gasifies coal to produce a syngas which is then converted in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to products. Even with CCS, the liquid product costs are comparable to recent crude oil prices.

Coal 231

Coal Oil Prices CO2 Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2013

The Brent crude oil spot price averaged $112 per barrel in 2012, and EIA’s July 2013 Short-Term Energy Outlook projects averages of $105 per barrel in 2013 and $100 per barrel in 2014. Biomass Climate Change Coal-to-Liquids (CTL) Emissions Forecasts Fuels Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) Market Background' Liquid fuels.

2010 317

2010 Transportation Fuel Energy 317

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2019

Global oil and gas companies are increasingly facing an uphill battle as global warming policies are taking their toll. Most analysts and market watchers are focusing on peak oil demand scenarios, but the reality could be much darker. by Cyril Widdershoven for Oilprice.com.

Oil 231

Oil Industry Industrial Financing 231

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2023

Despite efforts to continue stimulating the US economy in the wake of the pandemic, high inflation put a damper on economic growth, which was exacerbated by a spike in oil prices as a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Consequently, the US economy grew 1.9% in 2022, down from a 5.7% GDP increase in 2021.

Emissions 273

Emissions Oil Prices 2005 Coal 273

Green Car Congress

JUNE 5, 2012

The break-even crude oil price for a delivered biomass cost of $94/metric ton when hydrogen is derived from coal, natural gas or nuclear energy ranges from $103 to $116/bbl for no carbon tax and even lower ($99–$111/bbl) for the carbon tax scenarios. —Singh et al.

Oil Prices 236

Oil Prices Tax Coal Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

Under the Reference case, domestic crude oil production is expected to grow by more than 20% over the coming decade; already, domestic crude oil production increased from 5.1 Over the next 10 years, continued development of tight oil (e.g., Over the next 10 years, continued development of tight oil (e.g.,

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2021

Renewables will be the primary source for new electricity generation, but natural gas, coal, and increasingly batteries will be used to help meet load and support grid reliability. Oil and natural gas production will continue to grow, mainly to support increasing energy consumption in developing Asian economies. —Stephen Nalley.

Global 259

Global Emissions Energy Asia 259

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. 2010, to above 140 $/bbl in constant 2010 dollars).

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2009

The five different fuel groups were those derived: from conventional petroleum; from unconventional petroleum; synthetically from natural gas, coal, or combinations of coal and biomass via the FT process; renewable oils; and alcohols. million bpd. Reduced GHG impact. For CTL, life-cycle GHG emissions would roughly double.

MIT 250

MIT Oil-Sands Commercial Available 250

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2011

Energy executives expect continued volatility in the price-per-barrel of oil for the remainder of the year, with 64% predicting crude prices to exceed $121 per barrel. Only 35% think current crude prices are near the high they expect for oil this year, predicting the peak will be between $111 and $120 per barrel.

Oil 225

Oil Energy 2011 Wind 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2011

Natural gas is projected to be the fastest growing fossil fuel, and coal and oil are likely to lose market share as all fossil fuels experience lower growth rates. OECD oil demand peaked in 2005 and in 2030 is projected to be roughly back at its level in 1990. Oil, excluding bio-fuels, will grow relatively slowly at 0.6%

Energy 210

Energy Economy Global Oil-Sands 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2012

Coal accounted for 45% of total energy-related CO 2 emissions in 2011, followed by oil (35%) and natural gas (20%). China made the largest contribution to the global increase, with its emissions rising by 720 million tonnes (Mt), or 9.3%, primarily due to higher coal consumption. This represents an increase of 1.0 In 2011, a 6.1%

2011 230

2011 Emissions Global CO2 230

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

In addition to high oil prices and the financial crisis, the increased use of new renewable energy sources, such as biofuels for road transport and wind energy for electricity generation, had a noticeable and mitigating impact on CO 2 emissions. Fossil oil consumption decreased by one per cent, due to high prices and more biofuels.

2008 170

2008 Oil Renewable Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. tonnes per capita, despite a decline due to the recession in 2008-2009, high oil prices and an increased share of natural gas. Coal consumption in China increased by 9.7%

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

In their analysis, the authors examined the effect of 5 factors on EDV deployment: crude oil and natural gas prices; a federal CO 2 policy; a federal renewable portfolio standard (RPS); and EDV battery cost. No EDV deployment occurs with high battery costs, low oil prices, and no CO 2 policy.

Emissions 236

Emissions Oil Prices Vehicles Oil 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2010

Dimethyl ether is a diesel fuel replacement that can be produced from abundant resources including natural gas, landfill methane, coal and biomass. At current oil prices, DME can be produced and distributed at less than 1/2 the cost of conventional fuel.

Alternative Fuels 231

Alternative Fuels Diesel Engine Companies 231

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

The fortunes of alternative energy have historically waxed and waned with the price levels of oil, gas, and other energy sources, rising when prices are high only to fall once they retreat. Base case economics for EVs in North America are very challenging, absent significant disruption in oil price or battery cost.

Solar 295

Solar Boston Consulting Group Powered Power 295

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

The WEO finds that the extraordinary growth in oil and natural gas output in the United States will mean a sea-change in global energy flows. barely rises in OECD countries, although there is a pronounced shift away from oil, coal (and, in some countries, nuclear) towards natural gas and renewables. Oil demand reaches 99.7

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Electrification will also reduce oil dependence, providing foreign policy benefits and the potential to reduce real oil prices and oil price volatility. With the current fuel mix of the US power sector (about half coal, about 30% “carbon-free”), CO 2 emissions for HEVs and EVs are similar. Policy options.

Transportation 252

Transportation MIT Oil Prices Oil 252

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

However, the study found that the growth of CO 2 emissions by 2030 would only be 1-5% lower than if subsidies had been maintained, regardless of whether oil prices are low or high. First, these subsidies generally apply only to oil, gas, and electricity. This is facilitated by today’s low oil prices.

Emissions 186

Emissions Fuel CO2 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2021

EIA also forecasts the Brent crude oil price will average $64 per barrel this summer, a 78% increase from last summer’s average of $36 per barrel. That price increase paired with an increase in gasoline and diesel demand will likely increase the cost of regular gasoline and diesel fuel this summer. gal on 22 March.

2019 186

2019 Fuel Coal 2020 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

AEO2013 offers a number of other key findings, including: Crude oil production , especially from tight oil plays, rises sharply over the next decade. Domestic oil production will rise to 7.5 Biofuels grow at a slower rate due to lower crude oil prices and. Overall findings. Biomass and biofuels growth is slower.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy 2013 Sale 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. US crude oil production increases from 5.4 trillion cubic feet in 2009 to 9.4

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

Background colors of the cells represent the crude oil price required for economic feasibility. These synthetic fuels are economically competitive with petro-diesel when the crude oil price (COP) is at or above $86 per barrel (based on a 20% rate of return, in January 2008 dollars, with a carbon price of zero).

Carbon 186

Carbon Diesel Fuel Coal 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

The Annual Energy Outlook 2015 (AEO2015) released today by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that US energy imports and exports will come into balance—a first since the 1950s—because of continued oil and natural gas production growth and slow growth in energy demand. Tcf in the High Oil and Gas Resource case.

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2017

In its latest Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO), the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) projects that US crude oil production, which averaged an estimated 8.9 EIA also projects that consumption of distillate fuel—diesel fuel and heating oil—will average 3.9 million barrels per day (b/d) in 2016, will average 9.2

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Gasoline-Electric Production Oil 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. As the world’s economies recover, higher world oil prices are assumed to return and to persist through 2030. In the IEO2009 reference case, world oil prices rise to $110 per barrel in 2015 (in real 2007 dollars) and $130 per barrel in 2030.

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 31, 2009

A crude oil price of US$100/bbl results in an approximate cost of €0.56/L Biomass is pyrolized to a pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil is mixed with pyrolysis coke from the process to create a biocrude slurry for transport and subsequent gasification to syngas and subsequent catalytic conversion to chemicals and/or fuels.

Cost Of 150

Cost Of Motoring Motors Motor 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2010

The Gas Company currently produces synthetic natural gas from naptha and hydrogen, will plans to include plant oils and animal fats as feedstocks in the future. More importantly, Hawaii is the canary in the coal mine. What’s happening here [in terms of energy prices] is happening elsewhere in the world. TGC H 2 Production.

Hawaii 225

Hawaii Hydrogen GM Gas 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2019

China continued to implement policies designed to shift households and businesses from coal to gas boilers, mainly for air quality reasons. Oil represented the largest share of final demand, at around 41%, but demand growth slowed to 1.5% In 2018, higher oil prices helped dampen demand for road transport fuels.

Global 150

Global Energy 2018 Coal 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 23, 2017

About two-thirds of China’s methanol feedstock is produced from coal and the remainder from coking gas (a by-product of steel production) and natural gas. China has abundant coal resources, and for more than a decade the country has increased its capacity to manufacture methanol using coal as a feedstock.

2000 150

2000 2016 Fuel China 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 18, 2010

They assumed an oil price of US$80/bbl, close to the short-term. GHG emissions from electric driving depend most on the fuel type (coal or natural gas) used. 155 g/km (using electricity from an old coal-based plant). They also assumed a shift from current central motor (CM) drivetrains to wheel motor (WM) drivetrains.

Plug-in 236

Plug-in Charging Gasoline-Electric Plug 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2017

Heavy fuel oil (HFO) is the predominant marine fuel. From the shipping industry point of view, IHS Markit estimates that about 20,000 ships account for around 80 percent of heavy fuel-oil bunker fuel use. IHS Markit expects an unprecedented light-heavy price spread during 2020 to 2021. —Kurt Barrow.

Mariner 150

Mariner 2020 Fuel Oil 150