Coal, Convert and Gas-Electric

ORNL study finds best current use of natural gas for cars is efficient production of electricity for EVs

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2014

However, they also noted, high PTW efficiencies and the moderate fuel economies of current compressed natural gas vehicles (CNGVs) make them a viable option as well. If CNG were to be eventually used in hybrids, the advantage of the electric generation/EV option shrinks. Their open access paper is published in the journal Energy.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Fuel Economy Economy

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. If biogas is substituted for conventional natural gas, total GHG emissions can further significantly reduced (190 gCO 2 /mile). Lifecycle GHG comparison.

Coal

Coal Water Transportation Fuel

China to be Site of First Commercial Implementation of TRIG Coal Gasifier

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2009

(Beijing Guoneng) has awarded KBR a contract to provide licensing, engineering services and proprietary equipment for the implementation of KBR’s and Southern Company’s Transport Integrated Gasification technology (TRIG) at a power plant operated by Dongguan Tianming Electric Power Co., that is managed and operated by Southern Company.

Coal

Coal Commercial China Gas-Electric

C2CNT process converts flue gas from natural gas power plant into carbon nanotubes

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2019

On 26 July, the first flue gas from the natural gas power plant, the Shepard Energy Center in Calgary, Canada, was directly transformed by the C2CNT process ( earlier post ) into carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotubes are valued at more than $100,000 per tonne—a thousand-fold greater than coal. —Prof. 2019.07.007.

Carbon

Carbon Gas Convert Power

DOE awards $7M to eight oxy-combustion coal technology projects; carbon capture, utilization and storage

Green Car Congress

JULY 26, 2012

The US Department of Energy (DOE) selected eight projects to advance the development of transformational oxy-combustion technologies capable of high-efficiency, low-cost carbon dioxide capture from coal-fired power plants. Gas Technology Institute. Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group.

Coal

Coal Carbon Gas-Electric Gas

Peabody Energy and GreatPoint Energy To Partner on Coal-to-Gas and Coal-to-Hydrogen Facilities with Carbon Capture and Storage

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

Overview of the bluegas catalytic coal methanation process. The projects would be developed using GreatPoint’s proprietary bluegas technology, which utilizes catalytic hydromethanation to create pure hydrogen and substitute natural gas (SNG) that is pipeline-ready in a single-stage gasification process. Click to enlarge.

Coal

Coal Carbon Gas Energy

Texas utility signs first US Power Purchase Agreement for low-emissions electricity from commercial-scale coal-fired power plant with carbon capture

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2012

The agreement marks the first US purchase by a utility of low-carbon power from a commercial-scale, coal-based power plant utilizing carbon capture. billion plant will receive $450 million in funding from the Clean Coal Power Initiative; of this, $211 million comes from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.

Coal

Coal Texas Purchase Carbon

SSAB produces first fossil-free steel and delivers it to Volvo Group; HYBRIT technology

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2021

reduced by 100% fossil-free hydrogen instead of coal and coke, with good results. The hydrogen gas used in the direct reduction process is produced by electrolysis of water with fossil-free electricity, and can be used directly or stored for later use. We’ll be converting to electric arc furnace in Oxelösund as early as 2025.

Volvo

Volvo Hydrogen Coal Carbon

Energy Vault to provide 1.6 GWh of gravity energy storage to support DG Fuels SAF projects

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2021

The system uses proprietary technology to autonomously orchestrate the lifting and lowering of the bricks, storing the potential energy in the elevation gain, and generating then discharging electricity as the bricks are lowered. DGF replaces the coal gasification used by others with biomass gasification and natural gas reforming.

Energy Storage

Energy Storage Energy Fuel Louisiana

Researchers use chemical looping process to produce hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide gas

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2021

Researchers at The Ohio State University have used a chemical looping process to produce hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide gas—commonly called “sewer gas”. Hydrogen sulfide is emitted from manure piles and sewer pipes and is a key byproduct of industrial activities including refining oil and gas, producing paper and mining.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Gas Ohio Gas-Electric

MIT study concludes that absent climate policy, coal-to-liquids could account for around a third of global liquid fuels by 2050

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2011

A new assessment of the viability of coal-to-liquids (CTL) technology by researchers from the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change (JPSPGC) found that without climate policy, CTL has the potential to account for around a third of global liquid fuels by 2050. of global electricity demand. Credit: Chen et al.,

Coal

Coal MIT Climate Global

Bosch to receive €160.7M in funding to support scale-up of solid-oxide fuel cell system production

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2023

The heart of the system is the SOFC stack, where chemical energy is converted into electrical energy. This hotbox is combined with an air and gas supply system, an electronic control unit, and an exhaust system to form an SOFC unit. The Bosch project is one of the first projects in Germany to receive this funding.

Fuel

Fuel Production Hydrogen Germany

Wärtsilä report finds accelerated adoption of renewables can reduce electricity production costs by up to 50%

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2021

The Front-Loading Net Zero report states that electricity production costs could be reduced by up to 50% by 2050 if countries and states adopt 100% renewable systems faster than currently planned. The report says that carbon neutral systems can provide cheaper electricity compared to current fossil-fuel-based systems.

Renewable

Renewable Energy Storage Coal Production

Modified SOFC anodes allow operation at lower temperatures with carbon-containing gases; potential for much more efficient and cleaner generation of electricity from coal

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2011

gasified coal—by eliminating the coking problem. The resulting lower-temperature SOFCs could provide a cleaner, more efficient alternative to conventional power plants for generating electricity from coal reserves. An open access paper on their work was published 21 June in the journal Nature Communications.

Coal

Coal Carbon Cleaner Water

Study finds that dry-feed gasification for coal-to-liquids is more efficient, lower-emitting and cheaper than slurry-feed; CCS cost-effective for reduction of CO2

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2010

Comparison of coal consumption and CO 2 emissions for co-production and separate production of liquids and power. Conventional CTL plant gasifies coal to produce a syngas which is then converted in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor to products. The liquids output capacity of CTL plants is 50,000 barrels/day. Click to enlarge.

Coal

Coal Oil Prices CO2 Gas-Electric

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

Natural gas will play a leading role in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions over the next several decades, largely by replacing older, inefficient coal plants with highly efficient combined-cycle gas generation, according to a major new interim report out from MIT.

MIT

MIT Coal Gas Emissions

TCEQ grants air quality permits to Tenaska new-build carbon capturing coal plant in Texas; 85-90% capture

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2010

Trailblazer will be the first new-build carbon capturing coal plant in Texas to receive an air quality permit. The Trailblazer Energy Center would also be the first large-scale coal project in Texas to use dry cooling. Tenaska has developed approximately 9,000 megawatts (MW) of electric generating capacity across the United States.

Coal

Coal Texas Grant Carbon

Lifecycle analysis finds Fischer-Tropsch diesel from coal and biomass with CCS can use less fossil energy than petroleum diesel, with GHG close to or below zero

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2011

A new study by Michael Wang and Jeongwoo Han at Argonne National Laboratory and Xiaomin Xie at Shanghai Jiao Tong University assesses the effects of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and cellulosic biomass and coal co-feeding in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) plants on energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of FT diesel (FTD).

Coal

Coal Diesel Energy Emissions

DOE awards $2M to Ohio University to develop products for energy storage and motors from coal waste

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2023

The Department of Energy (DOE) is funding six research and development projects that will repurpose domestic coal resources for high-value graphitic products and carbon-metal composites that can be employed in clean energy technologies. Understanding ultra-conductive carbon metal composite wire for electric motors. Earlier post.)

Coal

Coal Ohio Energy Storage Waste

Siemens Energy to Supply Advanced Coal Gasification Technology to Taylorville Energy Center; 50% CO2 Capture

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

has been chosen to provide the coal gasification technology for the Taylorville Energy Center (TEC), a 730-megawatt (gross) advanced coal generating plant being developed near Taylorville, Ill. TEC will be one of the first commercial-scale, coal gasification plants with carbon capture and storage (CCS) capability in the US. .

Coal

Coal Energy Illinois CO2

Ignite Energy Resources and TRUenergy Plan Direct Coal-to-Liquids and Coal Drying Demo Project for Supercritical Water Technology

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Ignite Energy Resources (IER), developer of a supercritical water technology, and TRUenergy have entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to develop a commercial demonstration plant that will apply IER’s direct coal-to-oil and upgraded dry coal process to the brown coal at TRUenergy’s Yallourn mine in Australia.

Coal

Coal Water Energy Cleaner

Texas Clean Energy Project signs long-term CO2 offtake agreement with Whiting Petroleum for enhanced oil recovery; 90% CO2 capture from IGCC coal polygen plant

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2011

The TCEP would integrate coal gasification, combined-cycle power generation, CO 2 capture, and. We now have sales commitments in place for all three of TCEP’s main commercial products—electric power, urea for fertilizer, and CO 2 for enhanced oil recovery—and that is obviously key to getting this project underway.

Coal

Coal Texas Oil CO2

Siemens Energy, FFI and GeoPura developing prototype ammonia cracker to produce hydrogen

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2022

The prototype will use ammonia to deliver 200kg of hydrogen a day—enough to power around 5-10 hydrogen fuel cell-electric buses. It selectively filters the hydrogen while blocking other gases, allowing it to be used as a fuel and converted as needed, at the time of re-fueling. million (US$4.24 Source: CSIRO. million (US$1.8-million)

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Energy Grid Ireland

Linc Energy Limited Continues And Expands Its MOU With BP Australia to Supply Synthetic Diesel from UCG

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2009

This MOU allows for BP Australia to be the first customer to purchase a minimum of 14,000 barrels per day of diesel to be produced via Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) and subsequent Gas to Liquids (GTL) processing at Linc Energy’s first production plant to be commissioned in South Australia. Exploratory drilling at Orrroroo 5.

Australia

Australia Diesel Coal Energy

Proposed process for low-emissions coal-to-liquids

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2015

The EMS (Earth and Mineral Science) Energy Institute at Penn State has developed a conceptual novel process configuration for producing clean middle-distillate fuels from coal with some algal input with minimal emissions. Principal inputs are coal, water, non-carbon electricity, and make-up solvent. EMS Energy Institute process.

Coal

Coal Emissions Hydrogen Oil

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2012

Technology warming potential (TWP) for three sets of natural gas fuel-switching scenarios. (A) A) CNG light-duty cars vs. gasoline cars; (B) CNG heavy-duty vehicles vs. diesel vehicles; and (C) combined-cycle natural gas plants vs. supercritical coal plants using low-CH 4 coal. Source: Alvarez et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Gas Coal

Sustainable Rail International, U of Minnesota partner to develop most powerful carbon-neutral locomotive, using new steam engine and biocoal

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2012

Biocoal exhibits the same energy density and material handling properties as coal, but unlike coal, it is carbon-neutral, contains no heavy metals, and produces less ash, smoke and volatile off-gases.

Minnesota

Minnesota Carbon International Engine

Consortium moves ahead with HESC pilot for conversion of Australian coal to LH2 for transport to Japan

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

The Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain ( HESC ) project will convert brown coal from the AGL Loy Yang mine into hydrogen at an adjacent site and then transport the gas by road in high pressure tube trailers to a liquefaction terminal at the Port of Hastings. The liquefaction process will cool the hydrogen gas to ?

Japan

Japan Coal Transportation Conversion

Israel begins natural gas production from deepwater Tamar field in Eastern Mediterranean

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2013

On Saturday, Israel’s Ministry of Energy & Water Resources reported that commercial natural gas production had begun from the deepwater Tamar field (c. Tamar was the world’s largest natural gas discovery in 2009, notes Delek Energy, one of the Tamar partners. Israel natural gas demand forecast 2011-2040. Source: Noble Energy.

Israel

Israel Gas Production Gas-Electric

Are EVs Charged Mostly By Coal Power in the US?

EV Adoption

MAY 25, 2021

One of the common arguments you hear from people in America who are not fans of the idea of electric vehicles is that they are mostly charged from electricity produced from coal power plants. Heavy Coal Using States Accounted for Only 10% of EV Sales in 2020. of electric vehicle sales in the US. of sales.

Coal

Coal West Virginia Power Powered

EIA: India’s steel industry dominated by electric-based processes; intensive coal use for DRI

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2017

In 2016, about 57% of India’s steel was produced using electric-based methods—the second-highest proportion of electric-based steel production among major steel producers, behind only the United States, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Most other large producers use basic oxygen steelmaking processes.

Coal

Coal Industry Industrial India

Electra raises $85M to advance Low-Temperature Iron process; electrochemical refining at 60?C

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2022

Electra has raised $85 million to produce Low-Temperature Iron (LTI) from commercial and low-grade ores using zero-carbon intermittent electricity. By comparison, 69% of steel today is made at approximately 1,600 degrees Celsius (2,912 degrees Fahrenheit) using coal, emitting about two tons of carbon dioxide for every ton of steel produced.

Coal

Coal Carbon Boston Emissions

ArcelorMittal Europe to produce “green steel” starting in 2020

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2020

The strategy is centred around two main technology routes, as introduced in the first ArcelorMittal Europe climate action report published earlier this year: The use of hydrogen in DRI-EAF (Direct Reduced Iron - Electric Arc Furnace) and, also, the blast furnace. The expansion of its Smart Carbon route, also utilizing hydrogen.

Europe

Europe Green 2020 Hydrogen

DOE ROD for coal-based Texas Clean Energy Project sets in motion $450M of federal funding

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2011

This project, managed by FE’s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), will be partially funded with $450 million from DOE’s Clean Coal Power Initiative (CCPI). The plant will produce power by converting sub-bituminous coal into hydrogen-rich synthesis gas (syngas) and CO 2.

Coal

Coal Texas Clean Cleaning

DOE, RTI to Design and Build Coal Syngas Cleanup System for IGCC Power Plants to Reduce Cost of Removing Contaminants, Capturing CO2; Potential for Synthetic Chemicals and Fuels

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2009

The system also holds the potential to reduce the cost of producing chemicals, transportation fuels, and substitute natural gas from gasified coal. DOE and RTI will design, build, and test a warm gas cleanup system—based on RTI’s high-temperature syngas cleanup technology—to remove multiple contaminants from coal-derived syngas.

Coal

Coal Cost Of Design Power

UK to award £54M to 15 projects developing innovative carbon removal technology

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2022

The money will help projects further develop their greenhouse gas removal technologies, which include a machine that can pull carbon dioxide out of the air, a plant to convert household waste into hydrogen for use in the transport industry, and a system to remove carbon dioxide from seawater.

Carbon

Carbon Coal Gas-Electric Waste

DOE to Award Up to $408M to Two CCS Projects at Coal Power Plants; One for Hydrogen-Fired Power Generation

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2009

The US Department of Energy has selected projects by Basin Electric Power Cooperative and Hydrogen Energy International LLC—a joint venture between BP and Rio Tinto ( earlier post )—for up to $408 million in funding from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. Post Combustion CO 2 Capture Project.

Coal

Coal Hydrogen Power Powered

ETH Zürich, Total team develops new catalyst to convert CO2 and H2 directly to methanol efficiently

Green Car Congress

JULY 30, 2019

Scientists at ETH Zürich and oil and gas company Total have developed a new catalyst that efficiently converts CO 2 and hydrogen directly into methanol. It is possible to convert it into fuels and a wide variety of chemical products, including those that today are mainly based on fossil resources.

Convert

Convert CO2 Hydrogen Gas-Electric

Peabody Energy Acquires Equity Interest in Calera Corporation

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

Peabody Energy will purchase a $15 million equity interest in Calera Corporation, which has proprietary technology that converts carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into green building materials. which used the emissions stream from a natural gas-fueled power plant. Earlier post.)

Corporation

Corporation Energy Coal Water

Carbon Recycling International and Johnson Matthey collaborate on sustainable methanol

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 21, 2021

Conventional methanol production involves fossil feedstocks such as natural gas or coal. The CRI process takes waste gases captured from the points of emission at the stack and transfers them to a gas conditioning system where impurities are removed to produce carbon dioxide suitable for downstream methanol synthesis.

Carbon

Carbon International Waste Water

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

Lawrence Livermore publishes state-by-state energy/water Sankey diagrams

Green Car Congress

APRIL 20, 2018

Some water resources also flow up to energy resources (petroleum, biomass, natural gas, and coal). coal, natural gas, geothermal and nuclear) into electricity. Hydropower: The gravitational potential energy of water which fell as precipitation on elevated land is converted to electricity in hydroelectric turbines.

Water

Water Energy Coal Gas-Electric

Chinese company to convert coke oven waste gas into power for region with three GE aeroderivative gas turbines

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2011

Ltd is building a high-efficiency gas turbine power plant to utilize coke oven gas (COG) into power and steam to meet increasing energy needs in its region. The power plant will be equipped with three GE aeroderivative gas turbines, which are the first LM2500+G4 units sold in China. Jiangsu Tianue Energy and Chemical Group Co.

Gas

Gas Chinese Waste Convert

Sasol, GE develop new anaerobic microbial technology for cleaning of Fischer-Tropsch waste water; boosting gas-to-liquids (GTL) value proposition

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2013

Sasol and General Electric (GE: NYSE)’s GE Power & Water have together developed new technology that will clean waste water from Fischer-Tropsch plants used to produce synthetic fuels and chemicals, while also providing biogas as a by-product for power generation. Biomass-to-Liquids (BTL) Biotech Coal-to-Liquids (CTL) Gas-to-Liquids (GTL)'

Waste

Waste Water Gas Clean

ORNL study finds best current use of natural gas for cars is efficient production of electricity for EVs

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

China to be Site of First Commercial Implementation of TRIG Coal Gasifier

C2CNT process converts flue gas from natural gas power plant into carbon nanotubes

DOE awards $7M to eight oxy-combustion coal technology projects; carbon capture, utilization and storage

Peabody Energy and GreatPoint Energy To Partner on Coal-to-Gas and Coal-to-Hydrogen Facilities with Carbon Capture and Storage

Texas utility signs first US Power Purchase Agreement for low-emissions electricity from commercial-scale coal-fired power plant with carbon capture

SSAB produces first fossil-free steel and delivers it to Volvo Group; HYBRIT technology

Energy Vault to provide 1.6 GWh of gravity energy storage to support DG Fuels SAF projects

Researchers use chemical looping process to produce hydrogen from hydrogen sulfide gas

MIT study concludes that absent climate policy, coal-to-liquids could account for around a third of global liquid fuels by 2050

Bosch to receive €160.7M in funding to support scale-up of solid-oxide fuel cell system production

Wärtsilä report finds accelerated adoption of renewables can reduce electricity production costs by up to 50%

Modified SOFC anodes allow operation at lower temperatures with carbon-containing gases; potential for much more efficient and cleaner generation of electricity from coal

Study finds that dry-feed gasification for coal-to-liquids is more efficient, lower-emitting and cheaper than slurry-feed; CCS cost-effective for reduction of CO2

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

TCEQ grants air quality permits to Tenaska new-build carbon capturing coal plant in Texas; 85-90% capture

Lifecycle analysis finds Fischer-Tropsch diesel from coal and biomass with CCS can use less fossil energy than petroleum diesel, with GHG close to or below zero

DOE awards $2M to Ohio University to develop products for energy storage and motors from coal waste

Siemens Energy to Supply Advanced Coal Gasification Technology to Taylorville Energy Center; 50% CO2 Capture

Ignite Energy Resources and TRUenergy Plan Direct Coal-to-Liquids and Coal Drying Demo Project for Supercritical Water Technology

Texas Clean Energy Project signs long-term CO2 offtake agreement with Whiting Petroleum for enhanced oil recovery; 90% CO2 capture from IGCC coal polygen plant

Siemens Energy, FFI and GeoPura developing prototype ammonia cracker to produce hydrogen

Linc Energy Limited Continues And Expands Its MOU With BP Australia to Supply Synthetic Diesel from UCG

Proposed process for low-emissions coal-to-liquids

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Sustainable Rail International, U of Minnesota partner to develop most powerful carbon-neutral locomotive, using new steam engine and biocoal

Consortium moves ahead with HESC pilot for conversion of Australian coal to LH2 for transport to Japan

Israel begins natural gas production from deepwater Tamar field in Eastern Mediterranean

Are EVs Charged Mostly By Coal Power in the US?

EIA: India’s steel industry dominated by electric-based processes; intensive coal use for DRI

Electra raises $85M to advance Low-Temperature Iron process; electrochemical refining at 60?C

ArcelorMittal Europe to produce “green steel” starting in 2020

DOE ROD for coal-based Texas Clean Energy Project sets in motion $450M of federal funding

DOE, RTI to Design and Build Coal Syngas Cleanup System for IGCC Power Plants to Reduce Cost of Removing Contaminants, Capturing CO2; Potential for Synthetic Chemicals and Fuels

UK to award £54M to 15 projects developing innovative carbon removal technology

DOE to Award Up to $408M to Two CCS Projects at Coal Power Plants; One for Hydrogen-Fired Power Generation

ETH Zürich, Total team develops new catalyst to convert CO2 and H2 directly to methanol efficiently

Peabody Energy Acquires Equity Interest in Calera Corporation

Carbon Recycling International and Johnson Matthey collaborate on sustainable methanol

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Lawrence Livermore publishes state-by-state energy/water Sankey diagrams

Chinese company to convert coke oven waste gas into power for region with three GE aeroderivative gas turbines

Sasol, GE develop new anaerobic microbial technology for cleaning of Fischer-Tropsch waste water; boosting gas-to-liquids (GTL) value proposition

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