Green Car Congress

MARCH 21, 2019

Average new LDV fuel economy (liters gasoline equivalent per 100 km (L ge /100 km) by country or region (2005-17) and new registrations (2017). A total of 27 countries—including Sweden, Canada and the United Kingdom—saw the fuel economy of their fleets stagnate or worsen from 2015 to 2017. Source: GFEI. L ge /100 km.

Global 308

Global Fuel Economy Diesel SUV 308

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2010

Left, global light-duty fleet in the electric-favoring case; right, the hydrogen-favoring case. In both electric- and hydrogen-favoring cases, availability of low-carbon electricity and hydrogen prolonged the use of petroleum-fueled ICE vehicles. Top, without CCS and CSP; bottom, with CCS and CSP. Click to enlarge.

Hydrogen 236

Hydrogen Low CO2 Available Fleet 236

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2020

A new analysis of the real-world usage of more than 100,000 plug-in hybrid electric vehicles shows a large deviation between on-road CO 2 emissions and fuel efficiency and the official vehicle type-approval values. The researchers also took into account data on company cars that had been provided by fleet managers.

Emissions 334

Emissions PHEV Re-Charge Plug-in 334

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2022

The road transport sector could still reach net-zero emissions by 2050 through electrification, but urgent action would be required from policymakers and industry participants, according to research company BloombergNEF’s (BNEF) latest annual Long-Term Electric Vehicle Outlook (EVO). million sold in 2021 to 21 million in 2025.

Transportation 473

Transportation Emissions Economy Fleet 473

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2011

Net emissions resulting from the use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) depend on the efficiency of the conventional vehicle fleet; PHEV CD (all-electric, charge-depleting mode) efficiency; charging strategy; battery pack capacity; driving patterns; and generator mix used for charging. Scott Peterson, J.

PHEV 240

PHEV Emissions CO2 Gasoline-Electric 240

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2019

Manufacturers will have to reduce emissions of their fleet significantly to meet the upcoming 2020 and 2021 targets. The main factors contributing to the increase of new passenger cars’ emissions in 2018 include the growing share of gasoline cars in new registrations, in particular in the sport utility vehicle (SUV) segment.

2018 259

2018 Emissions Iceland Czech Republic 259

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

In the study, the Ford team derived regional CO 2 targets for new LDVs while still providing an integrated view of the global LDV fleet—a perspective critical to the planning needs for global automotive firms. The resulting full fleet WTW fossil CO 2 emissions in each region become the regional CO 2 caps. to 5% YOY to 3.5%

Light 261

Light Global CO2 Ford 261

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2014

AFV are alternative fuel vehicles: electric, LPG, NG-biomethane, E85, biodiesel, hybrid and plug-in vehicles. Thus, in 2013 the European Union fleet already collectively met its legal target for 2015. The average per-km CO 2 emissions for gasoline-fueled cars was 128.62 2015 target: 130 g CO 2 /km. 2020 target: 95 g CO 2 /km.

2013 231

2013 2015 Latvia Europe 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2018

The UK automotive industry warned that the current anti-diesel agenda combined with the ongoing slow take-up of electric vehicles could mean industry misses its next round of CO 2 targets in 2021, with negative consequences for the UK’s own climate change goals. Given hybrid vehicles outsell battery electric vehicles by a factor of 2.5

2017 210

2017 Diesel Auto Industry CO2 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2023

While we remain steadfast in executing our aggressive electrification strategy, we must also find smart alternatives to address the CO2 emissions for the 1.3 —Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares Stellantis is testing and validating 28 engine families built from 2014 to 2029 for both gasoline and diesel engines.

Engine 210

Engine Fleet CO2 2014 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2010

The global natural gas vehicle fleet has grown rapidly in the last 10 years, but still represents less than 1% of global transport fuel consumption. The global fleet of NGVs consists largely of passenger cars/LDVs, although there are some regional differences. Click to enlarge. gas sources, such as biogas or bio-synthetic gas.

Gas 207

Gas Transportation CO2 Global 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

EPA attributes the trend to an increase in energy consumption across all economic sectors, due to increasing energy demand associated with an expanding economy, and increased demand for electricity for air conditioning due to warmer summer weather during 2010. across the US vehicle fleet. average annual rate of 0.7% from 1990 to 2010.

2010 252

2010 EPA Transportation Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2009

The HyBoost project ( earlier post ), a two-year collaborative research program led by Ricardo in partnership with Controlled Power Technologies, the European Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium, Ford, Imperial College London, and Valeo, aims to demonstrate a very cost-effective, ultra-efficient gasoline engine in a C-segment passenger car.

Lead Acid 225

Lead Acid CO2 Exhaust Gasoline-Electric 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 22, 2014

and Nissan will begin testing the Nissan e-NV200 battery-electric compact cargo vehicle under real world conditions in Washington, D.C. FedEx Express and Nissan have conducted similar e-NV200 tests with fleets in Japan, Singapore, the United Kingdom and Brazil. FedEx Express, a subsidiary of FedEx Corp.,

Nissan 268

Nissan DC United Kingdom Brazil 268

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2016

The model also includes representation of fleet turnover, and opportunities for fuel use and emissions abatement, including representation of electric vehicles. The European Union (EU) recently adopted CO 2 emissions mandates for new passenger cars, requiring steady reductions to 95 gCO 2 /km in 2021.

Standards 218

Standards Emissions CO2 Europe 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2009

will purchase 51 additional gasoline-electric hybrid vehicles from Azure Dynamics Corporation. The FedEx fleet of hybrid electric and electric vehicles will total 325 when all 51 hybrid step-vans are delivered during November and December of 2009. FedEx Express, a subsidiary of FedEx Corp.,

All-Electric 210

All-Electric Hybrid Gasoline-Electric Alternative Fuels 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

EPA projects advanced transmissions (6+ speeds and CVTs), gasoline direct injection (GDI) systems, and turbocharged engines will be installed on at least 15% of all MY 2013 vehicles. The majority of the emissions and fuel savings from current vehicles, EPA noted, is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy 2012 Economy EPA 247

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

Even if all cars were to drive electrically one day, aircraft, ships, and even trucks will still run mainly on fuel. Moreover, even though electric cars will become significantly less expensive in the years ahead, the development of these fuels may be worthwhile. Volkmar Denner, chairman of the board of management of Robert Bosch GmbH.

Emissions 210

Emissions Fuel CO2 Gasoline-Electric 210

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Advanced combustion technologies alone could reduce CO 2 tailpipe emissions by 40% from current average levels for new-vehicle fleets of 250 to 270 grams per kilometer (g/km) in the United States, 150 to 170 g/km in Europe, 130 to 140 g/km in Japan, and 200 to 215g/km in China, according to the analysis. Source: BCG. Click to enlarge.

CO2 246

CO2 Electric Cars 2020 Gasoline-Electric 246

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2020

The market penetration of electric cars remained slow in 2019. Several factors affected this emission increase, including an increase in the average mass and only a limited increase of the share of electric vans (BEV sand PHEV) from 0.8% g CO 2 /km) are now very close to those of gasoline cars (127.6 g CO 2 /km—0.5

2019 207

2019 Iceland Emissions Bulgaria 207

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2011

Volkswagen, in cooperation with 6 project partners and the German Ministry of the Environment, presented in Berlin the current status of the “Fleet study in electric mobility” that was initiated in July 2008. The German federal government is targeting one million electric vehicles in Germany by 2020. Earlier post.) Earlier post.)

Plug-in 210

Plug-in Fleet Plug Hybrid 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2018

For the first year since monitoring started, gasoline cars became the most sold vehicles in the EU, constituting almost 53% of sales. The difference between average fuel efficiency of gasoline cars (121.6 Sales of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and battery-electric vehicles (BEV) continued to increase—last year by 42%.

2017 199

2017 Emissions CO2 Europe 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2013

The Phase II report, to be presented mid-2013, examines the impact of the gradual penetration of advanced powertrains, such as battery-electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles, and the gradual replacement of fossil fuels with increasing levels of indigenous energy resources, such as electricity and hydrogen.

2020 261

2020 Cost Of Fuel CO2 261

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2011

All electrical systems have been optimized to create lower energy consumption. liter T3 gasoline engine with manual gearbox down to 139 g/km. Volvo Car Corporation’s DRIVe Towards Zero also includes improvements of the gasoline engines. CO2 emissions at 135 g/km. By optimizing the four-cylinder, 1.6-liter L/100 km (40.6

Volvo 261

Volvo Corporation Diesel Fuel 261

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2014

Including net upstream CO 2 emissions for vehicles operating on electricity would reduce the positive impact of alternative fuel vehicles on fleet-wide CO 2 emissions, the agency noted. Overall fuel economy (miles per gallon gasoline equivalent) and average tailpipe + net upstream CO 2 emissions for EVs and PHEVs in 2014 Trends report.

Fuel Economy 312

Fuel Economy EPA Economy PHEV 312

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 14, 2012

Of those surveyed, 28% say they would consider buying a vehicle with an electrified powertrain; though few have first-hand experience of such vehicles (8% have owned or driven a hybrid electric vehicle and 6% have owned or driven a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle or pure battery electric vehicle). Future mobility solutions.

Environment 319

Environment Ford Cost Of Cars 319

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

The authors highlight three possible strategies for CO 2 conversion by physico-chemical approaches: sustainable (or renewable) synthetic methanol; syngas production derived from flue gases from coal-, gas- or oil-fired electric power stations; and photochemical production of synthetic fuels. Jiang et al.

Conversion 218

Conversion Transportation Fuel CO2 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2014

Considering the need for diverse solutions for different types of transport fleets and the high likelihood of competition for fuels between all transport sectors. The need for bringing down the costs of captured CO 2 and stimulating its potential uses, among them methanol production.

Transportation 244

Transportation CO2 Carbon Hydrogen 244

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2019

In the United States, emissions associated with the consumption of petroleum fuels—motor gasoline, distillate, jet fuel, and more—have consistently made up the largest portion of CO 2 emissions. Natural gas surpassed coal to become the most prevalent fuel used to generate electricity in the United States in 2016.

Gas 220

Gas Emissions Energy Coal 220

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2016

However, transitioning soon to electric drive could lower manufacturers’ compliance costs by as much as €500 (US$532) per vehicle in 2025. Our analysis shows that a CO 2 target of 70 g/km for 2025, on average for the entire new car fleet, can be achieved with either no or only modest levels electric vehicle penetration.

CO2 150

CO2 2014 Cars Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2013

Recent trends can be attributed to multiple factors including reduced emissions from electricity generation, improvements in fuel efficiency in vehicles with reductions in miles traveled, and year-to-year changes in the prevailing weather, EPA said. Nearly 65% of the emissions resulted from gasoline consumption for personal vehicle use.

2011 218

2011 EPA Transportation Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

Other key findings of the report: For the first year since 2009, gasoline cars constituted the majority of new registrations in 2017 (almost 53%). The proportion of electric vehicles (plug-in hybrid and battery electric cars) increased from 1.0% g CO 2 /km less than the average gasoline car. in 2016 to 1.5% g CO 2 /km).

2017 170

2017 Emissions CO2 2016 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2012

This framework includes electricity and natural gas used in the production of hydrogen. Tighter sulfur specifications on gasoline and marine diesel fuel account for about 10%?20% and incidental energy losses due to flaring, fugitive emissions, etc. California’s Global Warming Solutions Act). —Hirshfeld and Kolb.

Oil-Sands 247

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions CO2 247

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2014

The majority of the carbon and oil savings from current vehicles is due to new gasoline vehicle technologies, the report observed. The final MY 2013 adjusted, real world CO 2 emissions rate for all light-duty gasoline and diesel-fueled vehicles is 369 g/m—a 7 g/mi decrease relative to MY 2012. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 230

Fuel Economy MPG Economy EPA 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2016

XL Hybrids announced vehicle testing results showing a 26% improvement in miles per gallon on the EPA UDDS (Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule) drive cycle for Ford Transit vans upfitted with XL3 Hybrid Electric Drive Systems. liter and EcoBoost gasoline engines providing 20% fuel and CO2 savings.

Ford 150

Ford Hybrid MPG Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 18, 2010

European automakers are striving to comply with EU CO 2 norms (average fleet emissions less than 130 g/km by 2015) to avoid penalties. (As Eco-innovations will count for up to 7 grams of manufacturers’ fleet targets. Provisions for niche manufacturers (10,000 to 300,000 units) to achieve fleet average reduction of 25%.

2015 186

2015 Downsizing CO2 Climate Change 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2011

CCS at the current level of efficiency and from an integrated system point of view, however, will only have a small net CO2 mitigation impact of 475 million tonnes in 2050. The total national CO2 emissions mitigation potential of moving from a CIS to AIS trajectory of development is 3.8 billion tonnes in 2027. Transportation.

China 285

China Energy 2005 Cars 285