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Electrolytic hydrogen production powered by renewable energy is seen as an environmentally friendly means to ameliorate global climate and energy problems. Both half reactions of water electrolysis—hydrogen and oxygen evolution—are unfortunately slow and require a lot of power. Zhang, S.L., and Lou, X.W.
A study published in Nature Climate Change suggests that thermoelectric power plants (i.e., nuclear and fossil-fueled generating units) in Europe and the United States are vulnerable to climate change due to the combined impacts of lower summer river flows and higher river water temperatures. Source: van Vliet et al.
million in grants to eight universities in support of black carbon research. Black carbon can affect the climate in the near term, and like other types of fine particles, can cause serious health effects such as cardiovascular and respiratory ailments. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has awarded more than $6.6
The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change Letters. Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. The study underscores the complex and sometimes conflicting ways in which fossil fuel burning affects Earth’s climate.
Researchers at Stanford University, with colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and other institutions, have developed a nickel-based electrocatalyst for low-cost water-splitting for hydrogen production with performance close to that of much more expensive commercial platinum electrocatalysts. Pennycook, University of Tennessee.
An Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) paper published in Computers & Geosciences outlines a process that might help to determine the relative importance of population increases vs. climate change. Our work establishes a new method to couple geographic information system data with global climate outputs and statistical analysis.
In response to the measured and projected effects of climate change, US naval forces—i.e., In response to the Chief of Naval Operations (CNO), the National Research Council appointed a committee operating under the auspices of the Naval Studies Board to study the national security implications of climate change for US naval forces.
Petrobras and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte inaugurated a pilot plant in Extremoz (state of Rio Grande do Norte) for the cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production. The project has identified approximately 10 species of microalgae capable of growing in oil production water and cultivated in tanks.
million) under the International Research Initiative on Adaptation to Climate Change (IRIACC). million over five years to study how best to protect people, communities and vital economic sectors, like agriculture and tourism, that are most at risk from the effects of climate change. Indigenous Health Adaptation to Climate Change.
Conversion of large swaths of Brazilian land for sugar plantations will help the country meet its needs for producing cane-derived ethanol, but it also could lead to regional climate effects, according to a team of researchers from Arizona State University, Stanford University and the Carnegie Institution for Science.
Scottish Enterprise, Transport Scotland and the Hydrogen Accelerator, based at the University of St Andrews, have appointed Arcola Energy and a consortium of industry leaders in hydrogen fuel cell integration, rail engineering and functional safety to deliver Scotland’s first hydrogen powered train.
Qatar University (QU) provided the first public update on the progress of its work on developing sustainable alternative biofuels for aviation on the eve of the UN Climate Change Conference COP-18. The university’s state-backed QR45.5-million The Peninsula. million (US$12.5
Researchers from the University of Strathclyde and the University of St. is well known that some higher plants can synthesize ammonia or its derivatives directly from air and water at room temperature. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report on artificial synthesis of ammonia direct from air and water.
A new study based on deep-sea sediment cores, published in the journal Nature , has found that during the Miocene period ~12–5 million years ago, climate was decoupled from atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Ratios of the compound preserve a record of the water temperature in which the plankton lived. —LaRiviere et al.
An international team of researchers has confirmed the presence of a deep-reaching ocean circulation system off Iceland—the North Icelandic Jet (NIJ)—that could significantly influence the ocean’s response to climate change in previously unforeseen ways. ” We present the first comprehensive measurements of the NIJ.
The US Department of Agriculture has awarded Bridgestone and several partners a $35-million grant to continue its investment in desert shrub guayule ( earlier post ) to advance a climate-smart domestic rubber industry and offer a solution for growers amid the ongoing water crisis in the Southwestern US.
Projected extreme temperatures under climate change are predicted to reduce average yields for several of the United States’ major crops. The extent of these regional changes in agricultural productivity and how they influence future cropping decisions is a central question for the risks of climate change for agriculture and food security.
When in use, fuel cells do not cause any climate-damaging emissions, as they only emit water vapor. Cooperation with universities is also planned. MAN plans to build prototype vehicles as early as next year in line with the currently ongoing development projects.
earlier post ), a new study by a team at Environmental Defense Fund finds that the climate impact of hydropower facilities varies widely throughout the world and over time, with some facilities emitting more greenhouse gases than those burning fossil fuels. They also estimated emissions caused by flooding the reservoir.
The project concerns the production of hydrogen at scale from offshore floating wind in deep water locations. The concept consists of a large-scale floating wind turbine (nominally 10 MW) with an integrated water treatment unit and electrolyzers for localized hydrogen production. Led by Cranfield University. Contract value: £7.48
A new set of buoys in Alaska waters will help scientists understand how climate change may be affecting the pH level of northern seas. University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF) researchers placed the first buoy last month. These factors increase the transport of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into surface waters.
The meeting was held in June at Vanderbilt University and was sponsored by the Vanderbilt Center for Transportation Research (VECTOR), Vanderbilt Institute for Energy and Environment (VIEE) and the University of Memphis’ Intermodal Freight Transportation Institute. Develop better tools and models for performing risk assessments.
Among the transportation-related elements of US President Barack Obama’s new climate action plan, which he is outlining today in a speech at Georgetown University, is the development of new fuel economy standards for heavy-duty vehicles post-2018. Preparing the US for the impacts of climate change. Earlier post.).
The new study used tree-ring data and other climate records to identify a drought period unmatched in severity by the current drought or other ancient droughts. The ongoing Colorado River Basin drought has extensive impacts throughout the West, including water shortages for homes and crops and decreased generation of hydroelectric power.
This would increase the annual carbon emission to somewhere between 380 and 920 Mt CO 2 e by 2020 depending on water management practices and the extent of plantations. Despite increasing awareness of climate change in that period, the rate of peat destruction was higher in this last 3 year period than ever before.
In a finding that has global implications for climate research, scientists have discovered that when icebergs cool and dilute the seas through which they pass for days, they also raise chlorophyll levels in the water that may in turn increase carbon dioxide absorption in the Southern Ocean. Helly, Ronald S. Kaufmann, Gordon R.
An international team of researchers has discovered that chemical aging determines to a major extent the concentration and the characteristics of organic aerosol particles, which have a significant effect on climate. To date, this aspect has not been accounted for in regional and global climate models. Donahue et al., 1115186109.
A University of California, Riverside assistant professor of chemical and environmental engineering has received a $450,000 grant to study the impact of air-polluting black carbon particles as a way to mitigate climate change. Clouds have an important role in climate change.
A new satellite study finds more than 75% of the water loss in the drought-stricken Colorado River Basin since late 2004 came from underground resources. The extent of groundwater loss may pose a greater threat to the water supply of the western United States than previously thought. This is a lot of water to lose. Credit: U.S.
A new study led by Carnegie Institution’s Department of Global Ecology has found that the expansion of sugarcane crop in Brazil in areas previously occupied by other Brazilian crops cools the local climate. The study is published in the second issue of Nature Climate Change. Nature Climate Change doi: 10.1038/nclimate1067.
Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to the sum total of water lost while the plant is growing, either from evaporation through the plant stem itself (a process called “transpiration”), or from water evaporated off of the plant’s leaves or the ground. —Hamilton et al.
UCLA and Lawrence Livermore researchers have found that most climate models overestimate the increase in global precipitation due to climate change. This comparison with observations allowed us to see quite clearly that most models underestimate the increased absorption of sunlight as water vapor increases. —Mark Zelinka.
Every year, Netherland-based student company TU/ecomotive produces an electric car with a team of 21 BA students from the Eindhoven University of Technology, with the aim of showing the world that a hypothetical, sustainable car of the future can be a reality today. Luca’s body was manufactured by TU/ecomotive out of UBQ material.
Collaborating on the paper were scientists from Utrecht University, the Netherlands Royal Meteorological Institute, Delft University of Technology, Bristol University (UK) and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (USA). —Professor Jonathan Bamber, University of Bristol, co-author. mm of global sea level rise per year.
Now, a study by researchers at the US Department of Energy (DOE) Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) has found that energy sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ) behaves more like miscanthus in the way it efficiently captures light and uses water to produce abundant biomass. Energy sorghum falls somewhere in between.
The first large-scale study of the risks that countries face from dependence on water, energy and land resources has found that globalization may be decreasing, rather than increasing, the security of global supply chains. Researchers from the University of Cambridge used macroeconomic data to quantify these pressures.
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has selected two projects that will test emerging enhanced water recovery (EWR) technologies for their potential to produce useable water from CO 2 storage sites. Once treated, the clean water could be re-used for beneficial purposes, including supplemental cooling water at a power station.
eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. Error bar shows regional variations for E85. GW = global warming; Eut. Click to enlarge.
Using new analytical methods, the research group “CritMET: Critical Metals for Enabling Technologies” led by Michael Bau, Professor of Geochemistry at Jacobs University in Bremen has studied the distribution of germanium and gallium in iron-manganese crusts from the deep sea. Source: Jacobs University).
The home, located on the West Village campus of the University of California, Davis, is capable of producing more energy on-site from renewable sources than it consumes annually, including enough energy to power a Honda Fit EV for daily commuting. The home is also three times more water-efficient than a typical US home.
The National Science Foundation (NSF) has made 11 awards totaling $55 million aimed at building research capacity to develop new innovations at the intersection of food, energy and water systems and to address fundamental questions about the brain. Research at the nexus of food, energy and water. Montana State University.
Using a new kind of hydrogel material, researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have pulled water out of thin air at temperatures low enough to be achieved with sunlight. Atmospheric water harvesting draws water from humidity in the air. The UT Austin technique is aimed at the latter.
Researchers at Columbia University have solved the first piece of the puzzle; they have proved that CO 2 electroreduction begins with one common intermediate, not two as was commonly thought. Their paper is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
A new study led by Praveen Kumar at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, details the links between the hydrologic cycle and large-scale land conversion for the cultivation of bioenergy crops, both now and as growing conditions change in the future. Phong et al. —Phong et al. —Praveen Kumar.
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