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of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. Schematic overview of the processes by which aviation emissions and increased cirrus cloudiness affect the climate system. Aviation accounts for 3.5% —Lee et al.
A study led by Norwegian climate center CICERO has found that the global warming effect of leaked hydrogen is almost 12 times stronger than that of CO 2. Unlike exhaust from burning coal and gas that contains CO 2 , burning hydrogen emits only water vapor and oxygen. The climate effects of hydrogen have been an under-researched topic.
The climate change benefit is estimated for 2050 and human health and crop benefits are for 2030 and beyond. Black carbon and tropospheric ozone are harmful air pollutants that also contribute to climate change. Global benefits from full implementation of the identified measures in 2030 compared to the reference scenario.
Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. We already know that climate change will bring us increased forest fires, shorter winters, hotter summers and impact our water supply.
Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozone pollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.
Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Credit: NASA. Click to enlarge.
Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: Climate Change Compendium. Losses of tropical and temperate mountain glaciers affecting perhaps 20-25% of the human population in terms of drinking water, irrigation and hydro-power. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).
The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change Letters. Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. The study underscores the complex and sometimes conflicting ways in which fossil fuel burning affects Earth’s climate.
Current emissions of anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) have already committed the planet to an increase in average surface temperature by the end of the century that may be above the critical threshold for tipping elements of the climate system into abrupt change with potentially irreversible and unmanageable consequences, the authors write.
Aviation climate change impacts pathway. An an example, they point out that an SPK fuel option with zero life cycle GHG emissions would offer a 100% reduction in GHG emissions but only a 48% reduction in actual climate impact using a 100-year time window and the nominal climate modeling assumptions in the paper.
Researchers in France have found that ozone depletion above Antarctica has significantly reduced the Southern Ocean’s ability to absorb atmospheric CO 2 and has also accelerated acidification of southern polar waters, despite lesser CO 2 uptake. The results revealed that, between 1987 and 2004, around 2.3
CSIRO scientists have developed a new way to account for ozone in computer simulations of the climate. This latest modeling shows that the oceans take much less ozone out of the atmosphere than previously thought. Ozone (O 3 ) is formed by reactions of chemicals such as nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds—i.e.,
Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The project builds upon the idea that air quality and climate change issues are linked through “one atmosphere”, an approach that demands coordination and multi-tiered approaches.
The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences , demonstrate that phase can be a key regulator of the reactivity of atmospheric SOM particles, and may call for a revision of regional and global climate models. In the atmosphere, the particles of ?-pinene In dry conditions, they solidify without crystallizing.
The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climate change [kg CO 2 -eq.]. Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Terrestrial toxicity [kg 1,4-DC.-eq.].
eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Error bar shows regional variations for E85. GW = global warming; Eut. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.
succeeded in isolating the simplest CI and reported direct kinetic measurements of its reactions with water, NO, NO 2 , and SO 2. Our results will have a significant impact on our understanding of the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere and have wide ranging implications for pollution and climate change. Welz et al. Carl Percival.
The leaders of the world have just returned from the UN's latest climate change summit, COP26 , in which the countries that have signed on to the Paris Agreement upped their commitments to fight climate change. C by the year 2100 , according to Climate Action Tracker. C above pre-industrial levels. C above pre-industrial levels.
The proposed cause or contribute finding concludes that that the combined emissions of CO 2 , CH 4 , N 2 O, and HFCs from new motor vehicles and motor vehicle engines contribute to the atmospheric concentrations of these key greenhouse gases and hence to the threat of climate change. Tags: Climate Change Emissions Policy.
This could explain satellite measurements showing high levels of stratospheric ozone, water vapor and other chemicals over Asia during summer. When sulfur rises into the stratosphere, it can lead to the creation of small particles called aerosols that are known to influence the ozone layer.
Between 1990 and 2010, according to the report, there was a 29% increase in radiative forcing—the warming effect on our climate system—from greenhouse gases. After water vapor, the three most prevalent long-lived greenhouse gases are carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. It has grown at an average of about 0.75
The seven themes are: Taking Action on Climate Change. In all of this, we must also recognize that climate change will affect other parts of our core mission, such as protecting air and water quality, and we must include those considerations in our future plans. Protecting America’s Waters. Improving Air Quality.
The graphs we’ve made available online will enable people to examine the evidence about the major driver of recent climate change. Data for the synthetic greenhouse and ozone depleting gases, such as CFCs, also are available. —Paul Fraser.
That’s three times the amount estimated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This is especially the case for those draining nitrogen-enriched urbanized and agricultural watersheds, highlighting the importance of managing nitrogen before it reaches open water. This new global emission estimate is startling.
An international team of scientists who monitor the rapid changes in the Earth’s northern polar region say that the Arctic is entering a new state, one with warmer air and water temperatures, less summer sea ice and snow cover, and a changed ocean chemistry.
The Afternoon Constellation, so named because it crosses the equator at approximately 1:30 PM local time every day, consists of five existing satellites in tight formation, collecting simultaneous data on aerosols, clouds, cloud ice, carbon sinks, carbon sources, ozone, particulates, and atmospheric water vapor.
Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. There is an obvious link between environmental impacts estimated by life-cycle impact assessments and water quality problems described at the regional scale. Source: “Assessing Biofuels”.
The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.) Climate Change Emissions Natural Gas' Methane is more than 20 times as effective as CO 2 at trapping heat in the atmosphere—i.e., a global warming potential of 21.
Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Climate-related monetary damages range from 0.1 Estimated climate damages from natural gas were half that of coal, ranging from 0.05 Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”.
Transportation sector emission sources include combustion of fuels utilized in-state that are used by on-road and off-road vehicles, aviation, rail, and water-borne vehicles, as well as a few other smaller sources. This is, however, the lowest growth rate over the past 4 years. The inner ring shows the broad Scoping Plan sectors.
National and state regulators primarily use generic emission inventories to assess the climate, air quality, and health impacts of natural gas systems. Air emissions from the natural gas life cycle include greenhouse gases, ozone precursors (volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides), air toxics, and particulates. Moore et al.
Previously, the fact that these compounds are water-soluble never presented any problems since the Atacama Desert is one of the driest regions in the world. However, climate change has caused an increase in rainfall in recent years, which now raises the issue of environmental contamination. —Anna-Lisa Bachmann.
Life cycle inventories have typically been presented at global, national, or regional levels—sufficient for understanding global processes such as climate change and fossil fuel depletion, but insufficient for the analysis of local processes such as air pollution, according to the researchers.
As we confront the enormous challenge of climate change, we should take inspiration from even the most unlikely sources. Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming.
While that report projected vessel activity, it did not explore the environmental impacts of increased shipping in terms of air emissions or the potential climate impacts from increases in short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon. The emissions report focuses on the low- and mid-range diversion scenarios—i.e.,
Eliza Strickland: Man-made climate change is already reshaping our planet, and carbon emissions aren’t coming down fast enough to stave off real disaster in the decades to come. It’s often called geoengineering in the popular press, but the preferred term is climate intervention. Transcript. Kelly Wanser : Thank you, Eliza.
It has been deemed by the EPA that the emissions from new motor vehicles and their engines contribute to these concentrations and threaten climate change. The analysis also looked at the impact of climate change on human health and suggests that it may lead to higher levels of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.
In 2004, the Centralina region (the Greater Charlotte metro area, which straddles the North CarolinaSouth Carolina border) was designated as a non-attainment area for ozone under the Clean Air Act. The area stood to lose billions of dollars of federal funding for a wide variety of projects if the areas air quality didnt improve.
What I do know, is how fossil fuel vehicles have contributed heavily to poor air quality in our towns and cities, damage to the environment, soil and water quality and have contributed to the depletion of the ozone layer! Maybe, by contrast the Tesla shouts ‘look I’m doing it!’
The growth in hydrous ethanol, which uses a blend of 94-95% ethanol to 5-6% water, rapidly increased during the 1980s, with consumption peaking in 1989. water content in it and Gasoline C, or E25, which is a mixture of 75% Gasoline A and 25% in volume of anhydrous ethanol (AEAC) with a maximum of 0.4% 40 CFR § 80.27 40 CFR § 80.27(d)
However, climate models to date have mischaracterized the effects of soot in the atmosphere, according to Jacobson, director of Stanford’s Atmosphere/Energy Program. Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g., Tags: Climate Change Emissions. Mark Jacobson.
But excess nitrogen is emitted from soils, seeps into groundwater and runs off into surface waters. Nitrogen runoff in bays and coastal areas, where it makes algae numbers spike then crash, drawing oxygen from the water and leading to dead zones—areas that cannot support finfish, shellfish or most other aquatic life. Tom Tomich.
The update identifies eight key sectors for ongoing action: Energy; Transportation, fuels, land use and infrastructure; Agriculture; Water; Waste management; Natural lands; Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (such as methane and black carbon); and Green Buildings. Transportation. Environmental Analysis.
Emission reductions produced by the project are verified by an approved third party and registered with the Climate Action Reserve (Project ID CAR102 ). Additionally, they have treated 644 road sites to reduce erosion and sediment delivery to the streams, helping to improve water quality and fish habitat. Click to enlarge.
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