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of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. This new study is based on a thorough review of a decade of research on aviation emissions. Aviation accounts for 3.5% —Marianne Tronstad Lund, co-author. Lee, D.W.
Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozone pollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.
Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: Climate Change Compendium. Shifts in the hydrological cycle resulting in the disappearance of regional climates with related losses of ecosystems, species and the spread of drylands northwards and southwards away from the equator. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).
Ozone levels across much of North America and Europe dropped significantly between 2000 and 2014. People living in parts of southern Europe, South Korea and southern Japan and China also experienced more than 15 days a year of ozone levels above 70 ppb. Trends in daily maximum ozone levels (known as 4MDA8) at urban and non-urban sites.
The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal Climatic Change Letters. Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. However, the effects of natural gas on climate change have been difficult to calculate. —Tom Wigley.
Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). The RCPs were chosen to represent a broad range of climate outcomes, based on a literature review. Ozone formation.
A new report prepared by the World Bank at the request of the G8 identifies ways that the World Bank can do more through its projects to reduce the emission of short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs): black carbon, methane, tropospheric ozone, and fluorinated gases known as HFCs. Over the six-year period of the review (FY2007-2012), 7.7
New WHO has issued new Global Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs) that reduce levels of key air pollutants, some of which also contribute to climate change. When action is taken on these classical pollutants—particulate matter (PM), ozone (O?), and PM 10 ), ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide.
the final version of the proposed First Update to the Climate Change Scoping Plan (First Update). Achieving our long-term climate goal and 2032 ozone standards will require a much deeper penetration of ZEVs into the fleet. The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released. The draft version was released in February.
The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released , for public review, a concept paper to initiate discussion on the development of a Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy. Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases.
On the first day of a two-day board meeting—the second day of which (Friday 24 March) will consider the Advanced Clean Cars Midterm Review—the California Air Resources Board (ARB) took a number of climate and air quality actions. emissions by more than 20%. emissions by more than 20%.
The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climate change [kg CO 2 -eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. The top sample above shows climate change impact; the subsequent chart shows human toxicity. in review).
After a critical review of the literature on the air impacts of increased natural gas acquisition, processing, and use, a team of US researchers has determined that that actual measurement data on various individual segments of the natural gas life cycle are sparse or critically lacking. Moore et al. Christopher W. Branosky, E.; Stevens, A.;
US Congressman Scott Peters (CA-52) introduced the Super Pollutant Emissions Reduction Act (SUPER Act) of 2013, legislation aimed at combating short-lived climate pollutants, which are only somewhat addressed by disparate government programs. C in projected cumulative warming by 2050 and 1.1 °C C or more projected warming by 2100, IGSD says.
Earlier in December, ARB announced that the American Carbon Registry and the Climate Action Reserve had been formally approved as offset project registries to help evaluate compliance-grade carbon offsets under California’s cap-and-trade program. The] announcement marks an important milestone in the progress of California’s climate program.
The leaders of the world have just returned from the UN's latest climate change summit, COP26 , in which the countries that have signed on to the Paris Agreement upped their commitments to fight climate change. C by the year 2100 , according to Climate Action Tracker. C above pre-industrial levels. C above pre-industrial levels.
After a thorough scientific review ordered in 2007 by the US Supreme Court, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a proposal with two distinct findings regarding greenhouse gases. In both magnitude and probability, climate change is an enormous problem. harm to water resources, agriculture, wildlife and ecosystems.
The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a policymaker’s summary of Working Group III’s (WG III) latest report showing that despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies, annual anthropogenic GHG emissions grew on average by 1.0 WG III Summary for Policymakers. Click to enlarge.
Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. The draft also provides that new source review does not apply to these global warming pollutants.
In 2006, NOAA’s Climate Program Office introduced the State of the Arctic Report which established a baseline of conditions at the beginning of the 21 st century. Peer-review of the scientific content of the report card was facilitated by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment (AMAP) Program.
EPA is proposing that the current secondary standards are adequate to protect against PM-related visibility impairment, climate effects, and effects on materials. EPA’s current secondary standards for particle pollution are identical to the primary standards for PM 2.5 and PM 10 , except for the annual PM 2.5 Average PM 2.5
Specifically, the proposed rule updates the current prohibition under section 608 of the Clean Air Act against knowingly venting, releasing or disposing of ozone-depleting (ODS) and substitute refrigerants and extends the requirements, as appropriate, to non-ozone-depleting substitute refrigerants, such as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
The estimated climate benefits reflect a net reduction in climate change damages, which include human health impacts, property damages from flood risk, and the value of ecosystem services, among other effects. Net benefits are estimated at $35 million to $42 million.
Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Climate-related monetary damages range from 0.1 Estimated climate damages from natural gas were half that of coal, ranging from 0.05 Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”.
This is in contrast to the conventional mobile AC system, where the cabin air is directly cooled by the refrigerant HFC-134a, which is ozone safe but has a high GWP. The new SL-MAC system, which is testing the low-GWP refrigerants, is expected to increase vehicle energy efficiency.
Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? Research takes a long time.
Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. The report, Towards Sustainable Production and Use of Resources: Assessing Biofuels is based on a detailed review of published research up to mid-2009 as well as the input of independent experts world-wide.
The design of the California cap-and-trade program allows linkage with programs established by partner jurisdictions in the Western Climate Initiative (WCI) to create a regional market system. Tags: Climate Change Emissions Fuels Policy. The program is expected to reduce GHG emissions between 18 and 27 MMTCO 2 e in 2020.
As we confront the enormous challenge of climate change, we should take inspiration from even the most unlikely sources. Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming.
In their paper on lifecycle analysis, Emanuela Menichetti and Martina Otto reviewed and assessed 30 LCA studies particularly those relating to the energy balance and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of biofuels produced from a range of crops and other biomass feedstocks using various conversion technologies. Lifecycle analysis. Howarth, R.W.,
After a thorough scientific review was ordered by the US Supreme Court in 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a proposal on greenhouse gases. It has been deemed by the EPA that the emissions from new motor vehicles and their engines contribute to these concentrations and threaten climate change.
On their 100+ mile round trip, these trucks burn diesel fuel that damages the ozone, spews out noxious particulates that seek-out lungs and eyes along with oxides of nitrogen that help create smog, along with other nasty—and toxic—unpleasantness. Story by John Faulkner , with additional information from Michael Coates.
Fuel economy numbers reported by Clean Fleet Report are non-scientific and represent the reviewers driving experience using the dash gauge computer. Each Nautilus comes with three changeable scent cartridgesMystic Forest, Ozonic Azure and Violet Cashmere. Both numbers are good for a 4,517-pound, all-wheel drive SUV.
The update identifies eight key sectors for ongoing action: Energy; Transportation, fuels, land use and infrastructure; Agriculture; Water; Waste management; Natural lands; Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (such as methane and black carbon); and Green Buildings. —Draft Scoping Plan Update. Vehicle technology.
Benefits include meeting the state’s freight infrastructure, public health, air quality and climate goals. Implementation of the concepts will also be conditional based on the successful completion of applicable public processes, necessary financing approvals, technical analysis, and economic and environmental reviews.
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