Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone 150

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Exposure to ozone, long associated with impaired lung function, is also connected to health changes that can cause cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, high blood pressure and stroke, according to a new study of Chinese adults. The findings associated ozone exposure with markers of platelet activation and increased blood pressure.

Ozone 170

Ozone Pollution Connect Connected 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. Tropospheric ozone is the main cause of photochemical smog, an atmospheric pollutant harmful to human health and plant growth. Toyota Motor Corporation (TMC) and Toyota Central R&D Labs.,

Ozone 199

Ozone Asia Toyota India 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 14, 2009

Shown are the tipping elements [large-scale components of the Earth’s system] and the temperature threshold range that initiates the tipping. This would mean that the climate system is close to entering if not already within the zone of “dangerous anthropogenic interference” (DAI). From Molina et al. Earlier post.)

Climate Change 186

Climate Change Climate Pollution Ozone 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

A recent study by an international team calculated that shipping causes a net cooling of climate across all parametrizations of the indirect aerosol effect (IAE) and scenarios throughout the period 1900?2050. Shipping-induced global temperature change in 2050 using different parameterizations of Indirect Aerosol Effect (IAE).

Climate 240

Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2010

Both studies indicate a qualitatively similar response of a reduction in radiative forcing or an increase in total outgoing radiation for an increase in urban albedo and the values indicate an approximate range in potential emitted CO2 offset that may be expected if urban albedos were increased. —Menon et al. by 2050.

Climate 223

Climate Emissions Climate Change Ozone 223

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2010

Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climate change of new policies for management of the atmosphere. The project builds upon the idea that air quality and climate change issues are linked through “one atmosphere”, an approach that demands coordination and multi-tiered approaches.

Climate Change 210

Climate Change Climate Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

Although viewed as a potential target in the global effort to reduce climate change, atmospheric black carbon particles absorb significantly less sunlight than scientists have predicted, according to a new study by an international team of researchers, published in the journal Science. —Cappa et al. Credit: Cappa et al.

Climate 261

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston 261

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. California’s Climate Protection Strategies do not help meet NAAQS Standards. Click to enlarge.

Gas 257

Gas Climate Emissions California 257

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

A new study by led by Nadine Unger at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) that analyzes the net climate impacts of emissions from economic sectors rather than by individual chemical species has found that on-road transportatation is and will be the greatest net contributor to atmospheric warming now and in the near term.

Transportation 391

Transportation Climate Change Power Powered 391

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2012

Policies incentivizing the private sector to push to develop innovative “clean” technologies are likely to play a key role in achieving climate stabilization. Respectively, Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act and the Ozone Transport Commission/NO x Budget Program.). c personnel and organizational innovative capacity. —Taylor 2012.

Climate 261

Climate Energy Clean Cleaning 261

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2012

The US National Science Foundation has issued a solicitation for Decadal and Regional Climate Prediction using Earth System Models (EaSM). Awards are expected to be in the range of $300,000 to $1,000,000 per year. Awards are expected to be in the range of $300,000 to $1,000,000 per year. —NSF EaSM solicitation.

Climate 210

Climate Climate Change Ozone Global 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

From: Geoengineering the Climate (2009) Click to enlarge. million) in funding to the project SPICE (Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering). The report did note, however, that there are some serious questions over adverse effects with this method, particularly depletion of stratospheric ozone. Earlier post.).

Climate 199

Climate Engine Ozone Solar 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climate change [kg CO 2 -eq.]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. The top sample above shows climate change impact; the subsequent chart shows human toxicity.

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2013

GWP100 weighted specific climate impact (g CO 2 -eq per pkm) as a function of vehicle occupancy. Bold parts of curves indicate typical occupancy ranges. A notable exception is for the small diesel car; with two passengers ( i.e., 50% occupancy), the specific climate impact is lower than for an average train or bus trip.

Climate 186

Climate Diesel Emissions Climate Change 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2011

The global warming potentials (GWP) of HFCs range from 140 (HFC-152a) to 11,700 (HFC-23), according to the US EPA. HFCs are chemicals are potential substitutes for ozone-depleting and climate-warming CFCs and HCFCs currently being phased out under the Montreal Protocol treaty to protect the ozone layer.

Micronesia 186

Micronesia Ozone South Africa India 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2012

The researchers believe the measurements will substantially impact the understanding of atmospheric chemistry mechanisms—in particular, in the more rapid formation of secondary aerosols, important in the formation of local smog as well as in global climate change. Carl Percival. —Welz et al. —Marston (2012). Welz et al.

Ozone 268

Ozone Climate Change Climate 2012 268

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2012

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has submitted its final Report to Congress on Black Carbon , in response to an October 2009 request from Congress to advance efforts to understand the role of black carbon (BC) in climate change. Effects of BC on climate, as compared to GHGs. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Source: EPA.

Congress 252

Congress EPA Carbon Emissions 252

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines. —Saliba et al.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Fuel Economy Global 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released a policymaker’s summary of Working Group III’s (WG III) latest report showing that despite a growing number of climate change mitigation policies, annual anthropogenic GHG emissions grew on average by 1.0 WG III Summary for Policymakers. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 257

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate 257

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

The transport and transformation of plumes from selected European and Asian major population centers (MPCs) will now be investigated with special focus on the rate of formation of ozone and aerosols. The HALO research aircraft is a joint initiative of German environmental and climate research institutions.

Emissions 268

Emissions Taiwan Asia Ozone 268

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2010

The seven themes are: Taking Action on Climate Change. Jackson said that EPA must follow up the progress it made in 2009 with a range of greenhouse gas reduction initiatives with ensuring compliance with the law. Improving Air Quality. Other themes include: Assuring the Safety of Chemicals.

EPA 170

EPA 2010 Climate Change Mercury 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2009

Aerosols impact human health, due to their ability to penetrate deep into lungs, and impact Earth’s climate through the scattering and absorption of solar radiation and through serving as the nuclei on which clouds form, noted co-author Prof. Tags: Climate models Emissions Health. John Seinfeld from Caltech. “ Science , 325, 730-733.

Climate 150

Climate New Zealand Denmark 2009 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2011

Sustainable Communities : The Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of 2008 (SB 375) directs California’s metropolitan planning organizations to develop sustainable communities strategies that meet regional greenhouse gas reduction targets through integrated land use, housing and transportation planning.

Pollution 231

Pollution 2012 California 2013 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Damages per vehicle mile traveled were remarkably similar among various combinations of fuels and technologies—the range was 1.2 Climate-related monetary damages range from 0.1

2005 246

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal 246

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2011

The new metamodel is capable of efficiently simulating the urban concentration, surface deposition, and net export flux of these species that are important to human health and the global climate. These pollutants include anthropogenic aerosols, which have important climate and health implications. —Cohen and Prinn.

MIT 199

MIT Pollution Climate Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2014

Each spectrometer will focus on a different range of colors, and will detect the specific colors that are absorbed by carbon dioxide and molecular oxygen. This illustration color-codes instrument swaths—the area of Earth’s surface, or the surface of its atmosphere, over which data is collected—based on observed wavelength ranges.

Carbon 240

Carbon Aura Solar Climate Change 240

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. Life-cycle assessments (LCA) of biofuels show a wide range of net greenhouse gas savings compared to fossil fuels. Source: “Assessing Biofuels”. Click to enlarge.

Ozone 186

Ozone Water Emissions Oil 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2022

However, climate change has caused an increase in rainfall in recent years, which now raises the issue of environmental contamination. We are putting a range of possible options to the test, with the intention of identifying the most effective individual modules and the most successful sequence of steps. —Anna-Lisa Bachmann.

Chile 243

Chile Ozone Climate Change Water 243

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 23, 2016

Many ports and related freight corridors and facilities are located in nonattainment or maintenance areas for EPA’s ozone and PM 2.5 Through this initiative, EPA is engaging a wide range of stakeholders including ports and port operators, communities, tribes, state and local governments, industry, and other technical and policy stakeholders.

Pollution 150

Pollution EPA Cleaner Emissions 150

Cars That Think

SEPTEMBER 7, 2021

As we confront the enormous challenge of climate change, we should take inspiration from even the most unlikely sources. Take, for example, the tens of thousands of fossil-fueled ships that chug across the ocean, spewing plumes of pollutants that contribute to acid rain, ozone depletion, respiratory ailments, and global warming.

Climate 145

Climate Climate Change Solar Mariner 145

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

While that report projected vessel activity, it did not explore the environmental impacts of increased shipping in terms of air emissions or the potential climate impacts from increases in short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon. The emissions report focuses on the low- and mid-range diversion scenarios—i.e.,

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Fuel Mariner 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

The proposal retains the proven regulatory design of previous EPA standards for light-duty vehicles, but leverages advances in clean car technology to further reduce both climate pollution and smog- and soot-forming emissions. For both light-duty and all medium-duty vehicles, EPA is proposing a particulate matter (PM) standard of 0.5

EPA 210

EPA Light Standards Emissions 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2016

The situation is exacerbated by the physical proximity of a wide range of hazardous material sources—including an ammonia tank and fuel farms—to population centers, and by topographic and climatic conditions that aggravate air pollutant dispersion. Photo: Ilan Malester. Source: MoEP. Click to enlarge.

Israel 150

Israel Emissions Diesel Pollution 150

Clean Fleet Report

NOVEMBER 10, 2024

On their 100+ mile round trip, these trucks burn diesel fuel that damages the ozone, spews out noxious particulates that seek-out lungs and eyes along with oxides of nitrogen that help create smog, along with other nasty—and toxic—unpleasantness.

All-Electric 98

All-Electric Long Beach Los Angeles Electrical 98

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 18, 2024

In 2004, the Centralina region (the Greater Charlotte metro area, which straddles the North CarolinaSouth Carolina border) was designated as a non-attainment area for ozone under the Clean Air Act. They will offer much greater range and will be refueled as quickly as vehicles that run on petroleum products.

Charlotte 100

Charlotte Hydrogen IDEA Diesel 100