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Decadal warming rates arising from (i) greenhouse gases and aerosols alone (black); (ii) that obtained including the stratospheric water decline after 2000 (red); and (iii) including both the stratospheric water vapor decline after 2000 and the increase in the 1980s and 1990s (cyan). Stratospheric water vapor and radiative processes.
A study published in Nature ClimateChange suggests that thermoelectric power plants (i.e., nuclear and fossil-fueled generating units) in Europe and the United States are vulnerable to climatechange due to the combined impacts of lower summer river flows and higher river water temperatures.
The US Department of the Interior released a report that assesses climatechange risks and how these risks could impact water operations, hydropower, flood control, and fish and wildlife in the western United States. Click to enlarge. —Interior Secretary Ken Salazar. —Reclamation Commissioner Mike Connor.
of the human-made climate impact; two-thirds of this impact are caused by emissions other than CO 2 , according to a new study by researchers in Europe and the US. The study was published in the journal Atmospheric Environment. This new study is based on a thorough review of a decade of research on aviation emissions.
A modeling study by researchers at MIT projects that 5 billion (52%) of the world’s projected 9.7 billion people in 2050 will live in water-stressed areas. The researchers also expect about 1 billion more people to be living in areas where water demand exceeds surface-water supply. billion living in developing countries.
In response to the measured and projected effects of climatechange, US naval forces—i.e., The committee found that even the most moderate current trends in climate, if continued, will present new national security challenges. Click to enlarge.
response to climatechange. In contrast to the land surface, the surface temperature and associated trends of inland water bodies can be accurately measured with thermal infrared data from satellite instruments since the emissivity of water is well known. inland water bodies worldwide. °F) per decade.
million) under the International Research Initiative on Adaptation to ClimateChange (IRIACC). million over five years to study how best to protect people, communities and vital economic sectors, like agriculture and tourism, that are most at risk from the effects of climatechange. million (US$12.8
Projected extreme temperatures under climatechange are predicted to reduce average yields for several of the United States’ major crops. These changes in productivity would drive farmers to change crops and move into new areas. Farmers are particularly exposed to the problems of climatechange.
A study led by Norwegian climate center CICERO has found that the global warming effect of leaked hydrogen is almost 12 times stronger than that of CO 2. Unlike exhaust from burning coal and gas that contains CO 2 , burning hydrogen emits only water vapor and oxygen. Sand et al. —Dr Sand The GWP100 of hydrogen. Sand et al.
Representation of damage from climatechange avoided by adaptation, and damage not be adapted to (‘residual damage’) over the longer term. The amount of money on the table at Copenhagen is one of the key factors that will determine whether we achieve a climatechange agreement. Source: “Assessing the costs.”
Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climatechange in 2050. The study also predicts that peak concentrations of dangerous airborne particles will increase in the San Joaquin Valley due to the effects of climatechange on wind patterns. Click to enlarge. Kleeman, Ph.D.
Significant climate anomalies 2008/2009. Source: ClimateChange Compendium. Losses of tropical and temperate mountain glaciers affecting perhaps 20-25% of the human population in terms of drinking water, irrigation and hydro-power. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Ecosystems.
The recent South-East Queensland (SEQ) drought was likely caused by shifts associated with climate variability over decades rather than climatechange, according to the findings of a team of CSIRO researchers led by Dr Wenju Cai. —Wenju Cai. Much of the regional annual rainfall is recorded in summer.
Indian Ocean sea levels are rising unevenly and threatening residents in some densely populated coastal areas and islands, a new study published in the journal Nature Geoscience concludes. The study, led by scientists at the University of Colorado at Boulder (CU) and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colo.,
A new MIT and Caltech study on the impact that global climatechange will have on precipitation patterns concludes that extreme rainfall will increase in the future. Previous studies have shown that average annual precipitation will increase in both the deep tropics and in temperate zones, but will decrease in the subtropics.
A University of California, Riverside assistant professor of chemical and environmental engineering has received a $450,000 grant to study the impact of air-polluting black carbon particles as a way to mitigate climatechange. Clouds have an important role in climatechange.
The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal ClimaticChange Letters. The study will appear next month in the peer-reviewed journal ClimaticChange Letters. Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem.
A new study co-authored by CSIRO (Australia) scientists Paul Durack and Dr. Susan Wijffels finds evidence that the world’s water cycle has already intensified. The stronger water cycle means arid regions have become drier and high rainfall regions wetter as atmospheric temperature increases. The study analyzed more than 1.6
A team of 26 climate scientists from Australia, Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States have published the “Copenhagen Diagnosis”, an interim synthesis report on developments in climatechange science from mid-2006 to the present day.
This article shows that including offsets in climatechange legislation would likely make an emissions program more cost-effective by: (a) providing an incentive for non-regulated sources to generate emission reductions; and (b) expanding emission compliance opportunities for regulated entities. Assuming the offset is legitimate—i.e.,
eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. For gasoline, the study reflects the US context in which crude oil is to a large extent imported and refined domestically.
The National Research Council of the US has released a report examining the potential for climatechange to pose or to alter security risks for the United States over the next ten years. It also emphasizes climate-driven security risks that call for action within the coming decade either to anticipate or to respond to security threats.
KPMG developed 3 nexuses linked by climatechange to represent the challenges of sustainable growth. In a new study, KPMG International has identified 10 “megaforces” that will significantly affect corporate growth globally over the next two decades. Source: KPMG. Click to enlarge. billion by 2032.
Inset (a) shows water demand and losses and supply. All reservoirs along the Colorado River might dry up by mid-century as the West warms, according to a new study led by researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Roughly 30 million people now depend on the Colorado River for drinking and irrigation water.
The rapid recent climatechange in the Arctic has “ severely perturbed ” Arctic ecosystems and the trophic relationships that structure them, according to a paper published 11 September in the journal Science by an international team of 25 scientists. Heterogeneity as a buffer against climatechange in the Arctic.
Rice—which provides nearly half the daily calories for the world’s population—could become better adapted to stresses resulting from climatechange and some catastrophic events through what researchers are calling “symbiogenics”—symbiosis-altered gene expression. 145–230 mya). —Redman et al.
While several recent studies have suggested that much of the world is likely to experience freshwater shortages as the population increases and temperatures rise, determining the relative impact of each has been difficult. At that time, it was unusual to integrate population, climate and water data into one model.
Schematic diagram of the trade-offs between the implications for regional air quality and global climatechange of new policies for management of the atmosphere. In the CalNex 2010 study outlined here, NOAA researchers are studying several issues at the heart of the coupled air quality and climatechange problems.
Among the many climate-related vulnerabilities that can impact its mission, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) cites a likely increase in tropospheric ozone pollution as potentially making it more difficult to attain National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) in many areas with existing ozone problems.
A new study by researchers from Canada, Norway and China indicates that warming in the Arctic is revolatilizing persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that have accumulated in sinks such as water and ice. Their paper appears in the journal Nature ClimateChange. Nature ClimateChange doi: 10.1038/nclimate1167.
The study is one of the first to account for methane leaking from old, abandoned mines. Kholod said that when a closed mine is flooded, water stops methane from leaking almost completely within about seven years. The study is the first to attempt to account for methane escaping from abandoned mines.
Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Credit: NASA. Click to enlarge.
In California, reductions in emissions of black carbon since the late 1980s—mostly from diesel engines as a result of air quality programs—have resulted in a measurable reduction of concentrations of global warming pollutants in the atmosphere, according to a study examining the impact of black carbon on California’s climate.
The US Departments of Energy and Agriculture and the National Science Foundation (NSF) are launching a joint research program to produce high-resolution models for predicting climatechange and its resulting impacts. Innovative interdisciplinary approaches to address the interdisciplinary sources and impacts of climatechange.
Noting the references in scientific and policy literature to the need for fast-action mitigation to help avoid DAI and abrupt climatechanges, the authors define “fast-action” to include regulatory measures that can begin within 2–3 years, be substantially implemented in 5–10 years, and produce a climate response within decades.
An even more intense “megadrought” hit the region around 1,800 years ago, according to a new study published in the AGU journal Geophysical Research Letters. The new study used tree-ring data and other climate records to identify a drought period unmatched in severity by the current drought or other ancient droughts.
The Himalayan glacier volume is reducing rapidly due to climatechange, leading to cascading effect of alpine ecosystem there, according to a recent study by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The results were published in Conservation Biology , a journal of the Society for Conservation Biology.
A study by a team from the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC) has found that perennial biofuel crops’ evapotranspiration does not differ greatly from corn. Growing such crops on marginal lands could avoid competition with food, indirect land use change effects, and local carbon debt. —Hamilton et al.
A new study finds that a substantial chunk of summer sea ice loss in recent decades was due to natural variability in the atmosphere over the Arctic Ocean. The study, from the University of Washington, the University of California Santa Barbara and federal scientists, is published in Nature ClimateChange.
A study published earlier this year in the journal Nature ClimateChange that cast doubt on whether biofuels produced from corn residue could meet federal mandates for cellulosic biofuels to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 60% compared to gasoline ( earlier post ) has drawn critical response published as correspondence in the same journal.
UCLA and Lawrence Livermore researchers have found that most climate models overestimate the increase in global precipitation due to climatechange. This comparison with observations allowed us to see quite clearly that most models underestimate the increased absorption of sunlight as water vapor increases.
The first large-scale study of the risks that countries face from dependence on water, energy and land resources has found that globalization may be decreasing, rather than increasing, the security of global supply chains. Countries meet their needs for goods and services through domestic production and international trade.
The system will graph lifecycle impact for a range of specified powertrains, for a large number of impact categories: Climatechange [kg CO 2 -eq.]. Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. The top sample above shows climatechange impact; the subsequent chart shows human toxicity. Sample results from Carculator.
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