Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2013

Plug-in electric vehicles are promising and sales have started, but it will take time to reach very large volumes, and will likely require strong incentives over the coming decade to reach a fully competitive point. carbon fuel vehicles will be needed to continue to decarbonize LDVs and reduce oil use out to 2050 and beyond.

Fuel Economy 225

Fuel Economy Economy Plug-in Plug 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2010

A new study from the Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs finds that reducing greenhouse gas emissions from transportation will be a much bigger challenge than many assume, and will require substantially higher fuel prices combined with more stringent regulations. Source: Morrow et al.

Tax Credit 220

Tax Credit Tax Emissions Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 23, 2018

Encouraging the use of low-carbon alternatives is an essential part of meeting climate change targets as well as improving local air quality and health. Global, economy-wide carbon pricing is assumed as climate policy in both scenarios after 2020 (100 US$ per tCO 2 held constant over time). —McCollum et al. McCollum et al.

Carbon 231

Carbon Alternative Fuels Market Vehicles 231

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2012

EU climate policy aims to limit the global mean temperature increase from anthropogenic climate change to below 2 °C. EU climate policy aims to limit the global mean temperature increase from anthropogenic climate change to below 2 °C. The horizontal lines indicate 60% reduction from year-1990 levels.

Transportation 199

Transportation Europe Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2013

The steady tightening of standards will first incentivize combustion efficiency and in parallel speed up the deployment of new low-carbon technologies and fuels, such as vehicles running on low-carbon electricity, hydrogen, compressed natural gas or sustainable biofuels. Credibility requires beginning to implement policies now—i.e.

Emissions 210

Emissions Transportation Standards Climate Change 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

By working out that the price of oil will fall when the EU’s regulations fully take effect, the study suggests that the European economic benefits of fuel efficiency have been underestimated, in general by up to 17%, according to T&E. The dangerous part is with the price of oil likely to drop, demand for fuel will go up.

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2014

Among the proposed changes were additional production lead time; a reduced compliance obligation (i.e., Among the proposed changes were additional production lead time; a reduced compliance obligation (i.e., Earlier post.). by about 1.9%. by about 1.9%. For MY 2026 and following, the reduced compliance obligation goes away.).

2018 257

2018 California 2012 Plug-in 257