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Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climatechange problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Ramanathan. Wallack and Ramanathan. Earlier post.)
An offset is a measurable reduction, avoidance, or sequestration of GHG emissions from a source not covered by an emission reduction program. In this way, offsets would complement the more traditional emissions trading that can occur between two covered sources. what would have happened anyway).
On the foundation of their 2021 collaboration agreement and of technical work achieved together over the past two years, Nouveau Monde Graphite and Caterpillar signed definitive agreements for Caterpillar to supply NMG’s Matawinie Mine with an integrated solution that covers a zero-exhaustemission fleet, supporting infrastructure, and service.
BC mass emissions for all four GDI and PFI vehicles over the three different driving patterns. This may result in the need for new emissions control strategies—such as a gasoline particulate filter (GPF)—to enable compliance with California LEV III and US EPA Tier 3 particulate emissions standards. Click to enlarge.
In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 CH 4 emissions represented 8.8% Processing.
The Flameless Ceramic Turbine combines flameless combustion technology and innovations in ceramic design to deliver demand-responsive power without the emissions. IPG‘s flameless combustor uses the turbine exhaust and high heat transfer effectiveness through the IPG regenerator unit. —IPG CEO Toby Gill.
A comprehensive emissions performance test of a business-class aircraft gas turbine engine burning fossil JP-8 fuel, synthetic FT fuel, and a 50/50 JP-8/FT blend found that emissions of trace gases, soot particles, and nucleation/growth PM were directly impacted by the sulfur and aromatic content of the fuel. —Timko et al.
Ship engine exhaustemissions make up more than a quarter of nitrogen oxide emissions generated in the Australian region according to a recently-published study by CSIRO and the Australian Maritime College in Launceston. Nitrogen oxide is a non-greenhouse gas, unlike similarly named nitrous oxide. Ian Galbally.
The company’s engine technology enables low-carbon, renewable fuels such as ethanol to be integrated easily into existing diesel engine platforms, offering a lower-emission, lower-cost solution than diesel fuel. ClearFlame uses soot-free “Clear” Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) to maintain this ratio under varying load conditions.
Simple, effective solutions that can help lessen the impact of climatechange already exist. Rahman, a power expert and professor of electrical and computer engineering at Virginia Tech , is the former chair of the IEEE ad hoc committee on climatechange.
Climate response to non-CO 2 vehicle emissions. Global and regional zonal mean temperature changes relative to 2010 due to non-CO 2. vehicle emissions under the baseline scenario (a) and the difference between the tight-standard and baseline scenarios (b). Shindell et al. Click to enlarge. Shindell et al.
Fuel-based particulate matter emission factors (A: PM 2.5 emission factor (mean (95% confidence interval)) for CNG-2S (14.2 This study measured a comprehensive set of emissions relevant to AQ [air quality] (PM 2.5 Credit: ACS, Reynolds et al. Click to enlarge. The mean fuel-based PM 2.5 g kg -1 (6.2-26.7)) g kg -1 (0.3-0.9))
million in rebates for plug-in hybrid and zero emissions vehicles as part of an overall $42.3 The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g., The rebates offer up to $5,000 for the purchase of zero-emission (e.g., The California Air Resources Board announced $3.7 ARB was appropriated approximately $42.3
those limited to a 10% ethanol blend) without a significant change in emissions. Broadly, they found elevated emissions from the spark-ignition cars at the test temperature of ?7 The impact of fuels on exhaustemissions was substantial in many cases, with differences between cars representing different engine technologies.
Fewer soot particles in the exhaust stream of aircraft reduces the formation of ice crystals and therefore the climate impact of the resulting contrail cirrus. The results are published in an open-access paper in the Nature Partner Journal (npj) Climate and Atmospheric Science. —Ulrike Burkhardt.
Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The study examined the fuel-cycle CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x emissions of EVs in China in both current (2008) and future (2030) periods and compared them with those of conventional gasoline vehicles and gasoline hybrids.
Global accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers has analyzed carbon emissions from 2000 to 2008 and concluded that the world’s “carbon emissions budget”, or ability to emit carbon dioxide while still maintaining a “fair chance” of limiting average global temperatures to no more than 2 ºC (3.6
NASA researchers have begun a series of flights using the agency’s DC-8 flying laboratory to study the effects of alternate biofuel on engine performance, emissions and aircraft-generated contrails at altitude. Survey black carbon and gas-phase emissions and contrail properties from commercial aircraft at cruise in air-traffic corridors.
Given its high efficiency and its performance and in light of climatechange, the diesel engine will remain an important technology for years to come, especially for those who travel long distances. Demand for diesel cars was particularly strong among private customers, where the share almost doubled from 15% in 2017 to 27% last year.
Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).
Combustion exhaust is directed to the fuel cell, which produces power while capturing and concentrating carbon dioxide for permanent storage. The early research indicated that by applying this new technology, more than 90% of a natural gas power plant’s carbon dioxide emissions could be captured.
This puffy line is not just exhaust from the engine, but a change in the clouds that’s caused by small airborne particles of pollution. Small particles in exhaust from burning fossil fuels creates “seeds” on which water vapor in the air can condense into cloud droplets. Michael Diamond/University of Washington. C, or 1.8 ?F,
Five technology paths for very-low-NO x and GHG emissions from heavy-duty natural gas engines. The “Pathways to Near-Zero-Emission Natural Gas Heavy Duty Vehicles” report, authored by GNA on behalf of Southern California Gas Co. An 80% reduction of GHG emissions is targeted for 2050, relative to 1990 levels. Click to enlarge.
While technologies for low carbon buses such as hybridization offer the prospect of significant reductions in fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions compared to conventionally powered vehicles, the improvement in terms of regulated emissions (criteria pollutants) may not be as great, according to a new report by Ricardo.
A new report by the UK’s Office for National Statistics (ONS) finds that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from road transport in the UK rose by 6% from 1990 to 2017. The increase—albeit lower than the increase in road traffic—highlights the significant challenge in reducing emissions from road transport, the report says.
The editorial addresses important issues in the current politically charged discussions of global warming and climate-change alarm. … It is very likely that highly efficient “fully flexible” engines with hybridized solutions will be a big part of sought-after efficiency improvements, as well as emission/GHG reductions.
A study led by Norwegian climate center CICERO has found that the global warming effect of leaked hydrogen is almost 12 times stronger than that of CO 2. Unlike exhaust from burning coal and gas that contains CO 2 , burning hydrogen emits only water vapor and oxygen.
Using an alternative approach to determine the amount of black carbon (BC) emissions from civil aviation, researchers from the University of Cambridge, MIT, and Forschungszentrum Jülich have estimated that in 2005, total BC emissions from this sector were 16.9 near the ground).
Annual GHG emissions relative to BASE Scenario (BASE Scenario = 949 kt CO 2 e on a 100-year GWP basis) for differing London bus fleet technology options. Their findings indicated that emission control strategy retrofits are the least costly near-term intervention to reduce urban air pollution. Credit: ACS, Chong et al.
The EEA report ‘ Electric vehicles from life cycle and circular economy perspectives ’ reviews current evidence on electric cars’ impacts on climatechange, air quality, noise and ecosystems, compared with conventional cars. —“Electric vehicles from life cycle and circular economy perspectives”.
Historical Trends in Black Carbon Emissions from Surface Transportation (teragrams of black carbon per year). The transportation sector accounted for approximately 19% of global black carbon emissions in the year 2000, according to the report. Black carbon has been found to be second to carbon dioxide in terms of its climate forcing.
The ORegen technology qualified for partial government funding through the Alberta ClimateChange and Emissions Management Corporation. ORegen will produce 14 megawatts of electricity, using waste heat from the existing APL compressor station, avoiding associated CO 2 emissions and maximizing energy efficiency.
A two-year study led by researchers at the University of Toronto has found large trucks to be the greatest contributors to black carbon emissions close to major roadways. The difference between emission levels across the sites was more correlated with the number of large trucks on the road rather than number of cars. 8b01914.
trillion a year in premature deaths and ill health; these costs will rise without government action to limit vehicle emissions, according to a new report published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): “The Cost of Air Pollution: Health Impacts of Road Transport”. Over the five?
The discussions focused primarily on the issues of climatechange and global energy security, but also covered global air quality-related emissions standards, improved fuel quality and specifications for renewable fuels. Tags: Emissions Engines Fuel Efficiency Heavy-duty Hybrids Policy Standards Vehicle Manufacturers.
In this model, the majority of the biogas is allocated to the production of renewable power using a device such as a gas-fired turbine with an exhaust heat recovery system. Heat recovered from the exhaust of the combustion gases produced by power generation sustains the mesophilic thermal requirements of the anaerobic digesters.
Other technologies—such as efficiency improvements in gasoline engines as well as the rollout of hybrid electric power trains—offer more compelling and cost-effective pathways to reducing CO 2 emissions from European passenger cars, the ICCT says. For instance, hybrid electric vehicles and diesel cars in the small (e.g.,
International shipping contributes an estimated 3% of global emissions of CO 2. One of the key takeaways is that an integrated systems engineering approach is required to achieve effective improvements in efficiency and reductions in emissions for ships. billion gallons US).
Issues covered in the briefing include emissions, air pollution, noise and renewable energy and the impact of transport on ecosystems and biodiversity. Evolution of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the EU-28 from 1990 to 2016. In 2016, average emissions decreased by 1.5 In 2016, average emissions decreased by a further 4.7
This issue of Nature — themed “The Climate Crunch”—features a number of related papers and commentary on greenhouse gas emissions and the difficulty of cutting back, as well as an editorial calling on commitment from “ the highest levels ” to make the needed changes. —Malte Meinshausen.
Tom Cackette, Chief Deputy Executive Office of the California Air Resources Board, spent the bulk of his talk during the opening panel discussing the response to climatechange, which he called “ the defining environmental challenge of this century. Comparison of Emission Standards (g/mi). . SULEV/Tier 2 Bin 2 is the target.
We’re looking at a technique that could improve CO 2 capture to combat climatechange and one day even potentially replace carbon-intensive manufacturing for plastics and fuels. Therefore, these resting cells function as nano-microbial factories powered by light. —Ding et al. —Prashant Nagpal.
He also found that soot emissions kill more than 1.5 Greenhouse gases, in contrast, typically persist in the atmosphere for decades—some up to a century or more—creating a considerable time lag between when emissions are cut and when the results become apparent. Particle traps filter out soot particles from exhaust fumes.
Exhaustemissions from gasoline and diesel cars get a lot of attention from policymakers attempting to combat climatechange. But another very large source of carbon emissions has nothing to do with transportation.
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