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The findings have implications for the availability, management and use of water resources in regions around the world, say the researchers. Rain increases with aerosol concentration in deep clouds that have a high liquid-water content, but declines in clouds that have a low liquid-water content.
Internal combustion engines, when burning a fuel-air mixture, produce harmful pollutants such as soot and NO x. Although engine manufacturers routinely develop cleaner engines for new vehicles, older model vehicles continue to contribute heavily to pollution levels.
The reasons were two-fold: (i) increased air pollution led to households staying indoors more to mitigate the pollution impact; and (ii) PM 2.5 pollution led to the closing of windows, and running of air-conditioners and air purifiers more intensively either to reduce indoor particle levels or provide relief from indoor heat.
According to an independent study by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water (CEEW), more than 674 million Indian citizens are likely to breathe air with high concentrations of PM 2.5 The program focuses on 102 polluted Indian cities and aims to reduce PM 2.5
That insight could also help the car industry make cleaner combustion engines. The industrial processes behind crude oil refineries and the inner-workings of gas-powered combustion engines can emit PAHs, which can form into toxic air pollutants such as soot. Zhao et al. This work was supported by the DOE Office of Science.
A new briefing paper from Imperial College London estimates that in 2021, 52% of all small particle pollution from road transport came from tires and brakes. Tire wear particles pollute the environment, the air we breathe, the water run-off from roads and has compounding effects on waterways and agriculture.
In terms of investment in innovation for cleaner energy, the plan calls for: Investment in advanced fossil energy projects. In addition, the President has directed his Administration to purchase cleaner alternatives to HFCs whenever feasible and transition over time to equipment that uses safer and more sustainable alternatives.
The Government of Canada is adopting stricter environmental standards to reduce air emissions from ships navigating in Canadian waters. The changes we are announcing today will help make our oceans and lakes cleaner by reducing ship emissions. New standards will reduce allowable emissions of key air pollutants from ships.
Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.).
Data collected during a major 2010 state-federal atmospheric research project show that the first-in-the-nation regulation requiring ocean-going vessels to use clean fuel when near the California coast has been extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution from ships, according to the California Air Resources Board (ARB).
The air in the United States and Western Europe is much cleaner than even a decade ago. When concentrations of acidic sulfate from fossil fuel emissions decrease while the concentration of more basic ammonium molecules in the atmosphere stay constant, liquid water droplets in clouds become less acidic.
Among the other key messages of the report: Potential health gains of a shift from private motorized transport to walking, cycling and rapid transit/public transport include reduced cardiovascular and respiratory disease from air pollution, less traffic injury and less noise-related stress. million people annually.
Eligible diesel vehicles, engines and equipment may include drayage trucks; marine engines; locomotives and non-road engines; and equipment or vehicles used in the handling of cargo at a marine or inland water port. EPA will fund: Verified Exhaust Control Technologies: up to 100% of the cost of eligible verified exhaust control technologies.
The use of heavy fuel oils (HFOs) contributes to global warming due to the fossil origin of these fuels and, moreover, generating non-negligible emissions of pollutants such as sulfur oxides. Although cleaner fuels are available, many companies opt for HFOs due to their low cost.
EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) is soliciting proposals ( EPA-OAR-OTAQ-14-02 ) that achieve significant reductions in diesel emissions in terms of tons of pollution produced by diesel engines and diesel emissions exposure, from fleets operating at marine and inland water ports.
The finding could help combustion chemists make more-efficient, less-polluting fuels and help materials scientists fine-tune their carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets for faster, smaller electronics. Specifically, the fundamental chemistry discovery could be used to find or to design fuels that burn cleaner and don’t produce as much soot.
Engines that could be deployed in the relatively near term could also use high rpm operation and /or water injection, to allow operation with a very small amount of alcohol in addition to a low concentration mixture such as E10 (or possibly with no additional alcohol). Ethanol or methanol would be employed to increase knock resistance.
At every price point and with multiple powertrains, we can put more people in cleaner automobiles across North America to have the greatest near-term impact on total carbon emissions. We believe the fastest way to lower greenhouse gases in the transportation sector is to offer drivers lower carbon choices that meet their needs.
WHO estimated in 2012 that 26% of childhood deaths and 25% of the total disease burden in children under five could be prevented through the reduction of environmental risks such as air pollution, unsafe water, sanitation and inadequate hygiene or chemicals. —“Don’t Pollute My Future”. The report, Don’t pollute my future!
The Nueces County community has voiced environmental concerns about Tesla’s lithium refining facility, particularly concerning its water supply. Tesla Giga Berlin also sparked water supply concerns from nearby communities in Grunheide. . Water Supply Concerns. Nueces vs. Giga Berlin Water Supply Concerns.
Researchers are therefore focusing much of their work on finding out which products could contain pollutants, which methods are best for analyzing and measuring the content of the polluted materials, and when such products can be expected to be found in waste. —Odd Løvhaugen, SINTEF ICT. —Odd Løvhaugen. 2012.12.037.
EPA’s Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) is soliciting proposals ( EPA-OAR-OTAQ-14-07 ) that achieve significant reductions in diesel emissions in terms of tons of pollution produced by diesel engines and diesel emissions exposure, from fleets operating at marine and inland water ports located in areas of poor air quality.
EPA estimates that fuel switching will result in reducing local air pollution and its burden on public health by producing more than a 95% reduction in sulfur dioxide (SOx) and an 85 percent reduction in fine particulate matter (PM). Earlier post.) This project will also help Mexico demonstrate the environmental benefits of joining the ECA.
UK Environment Secretary Michael Gove published a new Clean Air Strategy to cut air pollution backed up through new primary legislation. The UK said it will go further and faster than the EU in reducing human exposure to particulate matter pollution. Cleaner fuels and stoves produce less smoke, less soot and more heat.
In all of this, we must also recognize that climate change will affect other parts of our core mission, such as protecting air and water quality, and we must include those considerations in our future plans. Protecting America’s Waters. Improving Air Quality. Other themes include: Assuring the Safety of Chemicals.
(Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. removal; it showed about 95 % O 3.
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and partners have launched a new initiative that aims to reduce pollution levels, improve resource efficiency and reduce infrastructure costs in cities across the world. Up to 80% of the world population is expected to reside in cities by 2050.
IGCC plants gasify solid fuels into syngas, which then is used by a gas turbine combined-cycle system to generate electricity, providing a cleaner, economical coal-to-power option. Chemical scrubbers would filter out pollutants and would separate CO 2 , leaving a hydrogen-rich fuel to power the gas turbine combined-cycle system.
Rochester), with Blue Lake Associates (Rochester) are working on a device that could reduce pollution from a diesel engine by generating an ionic field to oxidize particulate matter in the exhaust, breaking down complex pollutants and making engines more environmentally friendly. Environmental Energy Technologies Inc.
A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them. Click to enlarge.
The FS MARINE+ system uses an intelligently controlled hydrogen syngas generator and injector that combines a proprietary gas injection with other efficiency enhancement processes such as a specific water methanol injection to increase combustion efficiency, leading to a cleaner and cooler combustion, thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions.
Meeting the goal of cutting US oil dependence depends largely on two things, Obama said: finding and producing more oil at home, and reducing dependence on oil with cleaner alternative fuels and greater efficiency. Obama was delivering a speech on energy policy at Georgetown University. And we have to do it quickly. —President Obama.
That means new jobs, cleanerwater and air—and a working model for other states, and the nation, to use as we gear up to fight climate change and make our economy more competitive and resilient. keeping with the general preference to preserve the carbon pollution price signal, in the case of. —ARB Chairman Mary D.
One additional clutch was been added to the vessel and a 230 kW water-cooled electric propulsion engine between each main engine and the rudder propeller. Harbor assisting tugs typically operate in polluted areas with high levels of particulates and NO x , so being green is becoming a more and more important selling point.
Jacobson, who developed the first detailed climate model to include the global effects of soot, reported on use of the model to gain new insights into the effects of soot particles trapped inside and between the water droplets that make up clouds. Previous research on black carbon and climate overlooked that topic.
By Eoin Bannon The EU has published proposals to make the shipping sector finally pay for its pollution and fossil fuels — and to start using cleaner maritime fuels. Originally published on Transport & Environment.
Auburn University researchers are leading a $2-million US Department of Energy Co-Optima project ( earlier post ) that will evaluate renewable butyl acetate (BA) as a bio-based fuel additive that can be blended with diesel fuel to reduce soot and greenhouse gas emissions and yield cleaner engine operation in cold-weather conditions.
In a 2007 study, Winebrake and James Corbett from the University of Delaware (who is a co-author of the current study) concluded that pollution from marine shipping causes approximately 60,000 premature cardiopulmonary and lung cancer deaths around the world each year. Where fuel sulfur content is reduced globally to 0.5% Earlier post.)
Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1 Future work should also focus on environmental effects not quantified herein, such as the use of water, generation of waste water, and toxic emissions.
But this time, we are seeing exciting progress in making hydrogen cleaner, more affordable and more available for use across different sectors of the economy. Hydrogen is light, storable and energy-dense, and its use as a fuel produces no direct emissions of pollutants or greenhouse gases.
However, transportation is responsible for the highest amount of air pollution in America. Every day, vehicles emit gaseous pollutants throughout their life cycle, from the manufacturing stage to operation such as particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), air toxics, and greenhouse gases (GHGs).
The climate crisis is also having a severe effect on the planet, which is being battered by pollution, deforestation, and soil degradation. Ninety-nine percent of the global population breathes in air that exceeds WHO-guideline limits on pollutants, with low- and middle-income countries suffering from the highest exposures.
One of the things that we’re going to be talking about today is investing in the kind of technology that will allow us to use coal, our most bountiful natural resource here in the United States, without polluting our planet. And we want to get up 10 commercial demonstration projects, get those up and running by 2016.
T here are a lot of facts and misstatements about Plug-Ins that circulate these days about water consumption, pollution, the need for new power plants, and the like. Here's a piece of it: Why do PHEVs reduce greenhouse pollution ? Don’t PHEVs and BEVs just shift pollution from the tailpipe to power plants ?
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