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New research led by Mohammad Masnadi, assistant professor of chemical and petroleum engineering at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, offers a closer look at the relationship between decreasing demand for oil and a resilient, varied oil market—and the carbon footprint associated with both.
When peat swamps are drained for agriculture, the peat begins to decompose, and is an enormous source of carbon emissions. Based on visual interpretation of high-resolution (30 m) satellite images, a new study in the journal Global Change Biology: Bioenergy determined that industrial plantations covered over 3.1 —Miettinen et al.
Scientists at the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a coating composed of carbon nanotubes that imparts superlubricity to sliding parts. With an oil lubricant, the coefficient of friction falls to about 0.1. The carbon nanotubes are destroyed in the rubbing but become a new thing. Kumara et al.
Since the EU imposed sanctions on Russia in the wake of the invasion of Ukraine, there has been a redrawing of the global oil map, a new study by Transport & Environment (T&E) shows. Instead of cutting demand, Europe has simply replaced imports from Russia with oil from other producing countries. C carbon budget.
A new study by a team from Environmental Health & Engineering (EH&E) has found that greenhouse gas emissions from corn ethanol are 46% lower than those from gasoline—a decrease in emissions from the estimated 39% done by previous modeling. gCO 2 e/MJ) which is 46% lower than the average carbon intensity for neat gasoline.
For a battery EV, 46% of its total carbon footprint is generated at the factory, before it has travelled a single mile. The study found that some of the CO 2 savings made during the use of low carbon vehicles is offset by increased emissions created during their production, and to a lesser extent, disposal. Estimated lifecycle.
“Blue” hydrogen—produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas or coal gasification, but with CO 2 capture and storage—is being described as having low or zero carbon emissions. Our analysis assumes that captured carbon dioxide can be stored indefinitely, an optimistic and unproven assumption.
Average values for WTW GHG emissions for oil sands and other crudes, tight boundary. When the oil sands products refined in the United States are considered—a mixture of oil sands and lower-carbon blending components—the GHG emissions are, on average, 9% higher than the average crude processed in the US.
A new report from MIT’s Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change suggests that a tax on carbon emissions could help raise the money needed to reduce the US deficit, while improving the economy, lowering other taxes and reducing emissions. In the report— Carbon Tax Revenue and the Budget Deficit: A Win-Win-Win Solution?
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected both consumer and commercial transportation, but global oil demand will probably continue to grow through 2030, according to a new study. In three of the four scenarios, global oil demand continued to grow through 2030. Lines represent global oil demand by study scenario.
Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). 74% of WTW emissions in our oil sands pathways. Credit: ACS, Bergerson et al.
Prototype low-viscosity ionic liquid-additized engine oil demonstrated a 2% improved fuel economy compared to Mobil 1 5W-30 engine oil (3.93% over the 20W-30 baseline oil) in standard fuel efficiency engine dynamometer tests. 1%) in nonpolar hydrocarbon oils. —Dr.
Researchers in India are using multi-wall carbon nanotube-optimized surfactant-polymer flooding for enhanced oil recovery. In an open-access paper in the journal Fuel , they report that their experimental application of carbon nanotube-based fluids yielded an oil recovery factor of approximately 70% of the original oil in place.
A new study by researchers from Stockholm University concludes that automobile tires may be a potential previously unknown source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes—a type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)—to the environment. 35% reinforcing agents/fillers such as carbon black or silica; and 15?20%
A new study on the combustion properties of biodiesel for use in urban transit buses found that using biodiesel can effectively reduce the mass of particulate matter released in both hot and cold idle modes. In sum, they recommended that governments consider using blends of biodiesel in urban and commercial vehicles to enhance air quality.
To tackle these issues, a team led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) researchers Ji-Guang (Jason) Zhang and Xiaolin Li has developed a nanostructure that limits silicon’s expansion while fortifying it with carbon. The composite electrodes of carbon-nanotube@silicon@carbon-graphite with a practical loading (3?mAh?cm
These results indicate that coal and oil are the energy sources leading to most emissions, and that hydro, wind, and nuclear are the energy sources leading to least emissions. On the two extremes, coal and oil result in about 176 times the emissions from hydro. Energy source Proportional amount of emissions relative to hydro Coal 175.9
The Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Office of Fossil Energy announced up to $88 million in federal funding for cost-shared research and development projects enhancing technologies for oil and natural gas recovery under two separate funding opportunity announcements (FOAs). million barrels of oil per day (MMb/d)) to 56.5%
Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The study used the series production versions launched in 2011, with the assumption of operation for 150,000 km (93,205 miles). water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) The EV footprint (Fluence Z.E.)
A new study by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) estimates heavy fuel oil (HFO) use, HFO carriage, the use and carriage of other fuels, black carbon (BC) emissions, and emissions of other air and climate pollutants for the year 2015, with projections to 2020 and 2025. Click to enlarge.
A new study finds that as much as 20–30% of the number of vehicle engine exhaust particles larger than 3 nm may be formed during engine braking conditions—i.e., The study also indicates that the particles were non-volatile, formed before the catalyst, and originating from engine oil. Credit: ACS, Rönkkö et al.
Scientists from ExxonMobil, the Georgia Institute of Technology and Imperial College of London have published in the journal Science joint research on potential breakthroughs in a new membrane technology that could reduce emissions and energy intensity associated with refining crude oil.
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Sub-Committee on Pollution Prevention and Response (PPR) has agreed to move forward with a prohibition on the carriage of high-sulfur fuel oil for use on board ships, when that fuel oil is not compliant with a new low-sulfur limit which comes into force from 2020. Black carbon.
Researchers from the Center for Functional Nanomaterials at Brookhaven National Laboratory and users from ExxonMobil have developed a new approach to identifying atoms that are neither carbon nor hydrogen within a specific type of molecule in crude oil. Crude oil is one of the most complex molecule mixtures on the planet.
JFE Steel Corporation, Itochu Corporation and Emirates Steel Arkan, the largest steel company in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), will conduct joint detailed feasibility studies on the establishment of a supply chain of ferrous raw material for green ironmaking with low-carbon emission at the project site in Abu Dhabi.
The only sector T&E could find with an average carbon intensity higher than truckmakers is coal mining European truckmakers’ emissions are 50% higher than what. continued] The post Truck Manufacturers A More Carbon Intensive Investment Than Oil, Steel Or Cars — Study appeared first on CleanTechnica.
Policies to entice consumers away from fossil-fuel powered vehicles and normalize low carbon, alternative-fuel alternatives, such as electric vehicles, are vital if the world is to significantly reduce transport sector carbon pure-emissions, according to a new study. Note the different scaling used in the graphs. McCollum et al.
Efforts to shift away from fossil fuels and replace oil and coal with renewable energy sources can help reduce carbon emissions but do so at the expense of increased inequality, according to a new study by researchers at Portland State University (PSU) and Vanderbilt University. —Julius McGee.
A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al. Platt et al. Click to enlarge.
Map of basins with assessed shale oil and shale gas formations, as of May 2013. Among the highlights in the 2013 report is a 10-fold increase in the estimate of technically recoverable shale / tight oil from 32 billion barrels (from the EIA’s Annual Energy Outlook 2011 ) to 345 billion barrels. Source: US EIA. Click to enlarge.
Gold Hydrogen is a novel source of carbon neutral hydrogen produced from depleted oil reservoirs that are ready for plug and abandonment, extending the life of wells that would otherwise be a significant burden. According to recent studies, the global green hydrogen market size was valued at US$0.3 billion in 2020.
Results of their study, which appear in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , suggest that refinery and product-specific efficiency values are sensitive to crude quality; seasonal and regional factors; and refinery configuration and complexity—which in turn are determined by final fuel specification requirements and regulations.
sulfur phase within carbon nanofibers that enables successful operation of Lithium-Sulfur (Li-S) batteries in carbonate electrolyte for 4000 cycles. Carbonates are known to adversely react with the intermediate polysulfides and shut down Li-S batteries in first discharge. sulfur and its application in Li-S batteries.
Crude palm oil is one of the more than ten renewable raw materials that Neste uses to produce a range of renewable products, including renewable diesel. Palm oil represents approximately 20% of Neste’s renewable raw material usage annually. The field work was conducted by Meo Carbon Solutions. Schematic of a belt filter press.
Itochu Corporation and Irkutsk Oil Company (IOC); Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation (JOGMEC); and Toyo Engineering Corporation (TOYO) have agreed to undertake a detailed study for the commercialization of a blue ammonia value chain between Eastern Siberia and Japan.
The parties have signed a memorandum of understanding to study the feasibility of a 250-megawatt water electrolysis facility to produce up to 45,000 tons of green hydrogen yearly using renewable energy. BP is committed to advance a low carbon future. It would be the largest of its kind in Europe.
A paper on their study appears in the journal Energy Policy. This study implements three main research contents. (1) The CO 2 emissions of cars account for more than 60% of the total carbon emissions of the urban passenger transport in China. The low-carbon development of urban passenger transport will increase the cost.
jointly announced that, toward the achievement of carbon neutrality, they will take on the challenge of expanding fuel options through the use of internal combustion engines at the (three-hour) Super Taikyu Race in Okayama on 13-14 November. Participating in races using carbon-neutral fuels. Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.,
previous studies have followed the general framework of life cycle assessment (LCA), they have focused almost exclusively on quantifying the energy balance and GHG emissions associated with biofuels production. For gasoline, the study reflects the US context in which crude oil is to a large extent imported and refined domestically.
The Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Aramco) signed five agreements with leading French companies, including an agreement to explore a hydrogen-powered vehicle business with Gaussin , a pioneer in clean and intelligent transport solutions.
Although a lightweight steel vehicle has a lower production phase environmental impact, those initial gains are erased by higher energy use and carbon emissions during the steel vehicle’s use phase, the study found. The modeling for this study conforms to internationally recognized standard practices (ISO 14040 and 14044).
By making use of a previously undesired side effect in oil recovery, researchers at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT) have developed a method that yields up to 20% more heavy oil than traditional methods. Generally, less than 10% of heavy oil may be produced from reservoirs by natural flow after drilling the well.
An open access paper on their study is published in Biotechnology for Biofuels. In 2011, China contributed 29% of world carbon dioxide emissions and therefore the country has a significant potential to influence the present and future global energy situation. Click to enlarge. —Littlewood et al. Littlewood et al.
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