Green Car Congress

JUNE 24, 2009

General schematic of a lithium-air battery. The team plans to explore rechargeable Lithium-Air systems, which could offer 10 times the energy capacity of lithium-ion systems. Original lithium-air batteries—aqueous batteries, or with an aqueous electrolyte/air interface—were primary cells—i.e.,

Lithium Air 150

Lithium Air Energy Storage Li-ion San Jose 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2010

Schematic representation and operating principles of the lithium–water electrochemical cell used for hydrogen generation: (1) external circuit and (2) inside of lithium–water electrochemical cell. the high-school chemistry demonstration of the violent reaction between sodium and water.). Source: Wang et al.

Water 186

Water Lithium Ion Li-ion Hydrogen 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

ARPA-E’s first solicitation awarded $151 million to 37 projects aimed at transformational innovations in energy storage, biofuels, carbon capture, renewable power, building efficiency, vehicles, and other areas. This process is less than 1% efficient at converting sunlight to stored chemical energy. Water will be the primary byproduct.

Carbon 249

Carbon Li-ion Battery Batteries 249

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2016

loss after 130 cycles in lithium-matched full-cell tests against Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 anode), as well as a round-trip overpotential of only 0.24 V. Further, the cathode is automatically protected from O 2 gas release and overcharging through the shuttling of self-generated radical species soluble in the carbonate electrolyte.

Cheap 150

Cheap Li-ion Batteries Battery 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 29, 2010

Also on the list of five is the arrival of advanced batteries, including air batteries (e.g., Lithium air), but targeted initially at small devices. Batteries today have a number of problems, chiefly, the heavy metal-oxides used inside the battery greatly limit the amount of energy it can store, IBM notes.

Personal 210

Personal Transportation Water Battery 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2010

Typical thermal runaway of a Li-ion battery due to overcharging or internal shorts is not a possibility in Li-air batteries because of the rate-limited surface nature of the reaction, i.e., the reactant O 2 is not stored in the battery. Wilcke (2010) Lithium-Air Battery: Promise and Challenges. Recommended key research.

Li-ion 239

Li-ion Transportation Battery Batteries 239