Carbon, Exhaust and Pollution

Study shows two-stroke scooters dominant source of air pollution in many cities; asymmetric polluters

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2014

A study by European researchers has found that two-stroke (2S) scooters, although constituting a small fraction of the fleet, can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. —Platt et al. Platt et al. Click to enlarge.

Pollution

Pollution Exhaust Emissions Light

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2019

Catalytic converters have been used in the US since the 1970s as a way to clean up pollutants from vehicle exhaust. In the catalytic process, rare metals such as platinum, are used in a chemical reaction to convert carbon monoxide and other pollutants to non-toxic carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water.

Exhaust

Exhaust Pollution Convert Universal

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2019

About 4 million children worldwide develop asthma each year because of inhaling nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) air pollution, according to an open-access study published in The Lancet Planetary Health by researchers at the George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health (Milken Institute SPH). —Susan Anenberg.

Pollution

Pollution United Arab Emirates South Korea Las Vegas

Two-year study in Canada finds large trucks disproportionately contribute to higher levels of black carbon pollution

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2018

A two-year study led by researchers at the University of Toronto has found large trucks to be the greatest contributors to black carbon emissions close to major roadways. Black carbon—commonly called soot—is a marker for exposure to diesel exhaust which is known to have negative health effects. Jonathan M.

Pollution

Pollution Canada Carbon Climate Change

Ricardo study finds electric and hybrid cars have a higher carbon footprint during production than conventional vehicles, but still offer a lower footprint over the full life cycle

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2011

For a battery EV, 46% of its total carbon footprint is generated at the factory, before it has travelled a single mile. The study found that some of the CO 2 savings made during the use of low carbon vehicles is offset by increased emissions created during their production, and to a lesser extent, disposal. Estimated lifecycle.

Carbon

Carbon Hybrid Production Gasoline-Electric

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

A team of University of California, Riverside Bourns College of Engineering students have won an EPA student design contest for developing an exhaust aftertreatment device that cuts CO, NO x and PM emissions from lawnmowers. When tested, the device reduced carbon monoxide (CO) by 87%; NO x by 67% and particulate matter (PM) by 44%.

Exhaust

Exhaust EPA Design Gasoline

SwRI engineers develop near-zero emissions diesel engine technology; 90% reduction of NOx

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2020

Southwest Research Institute engineers have developed the next generation of clean diesel engine technology to reduce hazardous nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and carbon dioxide emissions while minimizing fuel consumption. Making a relevant impact on pollutants requires a whole system approach. g/hp-hr NO x emissions).

Engine

Engine Emissions Diesel 2020

DOE awards $17M to FY 2014 SBIR Phase II projects; includes Si/graphene anodes, motor windings, exhaust treatments

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

Hybrid Electric Turbocharger for Exhaust Energy Recovery and Transient Lag Reduction. NexTech Materials of Lewis Center, Ohio, has developed a new diesel engine exhaust NO x sensing technology that is able to rapidly and selectively measure nitrogen oxides in diesel engine exhaust streams. Lead organization. Description.

Exhaust

Exhaust Wind 2014 Motors

Achates opposed-piston 3-cylinder 10.6L diesel emissions meet 2027 EPA, CA requirements

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2020

These results were achieved with a conventional, underfloor-only, single Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) injection aftertreatment system, which makes the whole powertrain system less complex and less expensive, and reduces the risk of non-compliance with emissions regulations. Earlier post.).

EPA

EPA Diesel Emissions San Diego

New mixed-oxide catalysts shown as viable substitute for platinum catalysts for diesel exhaust aftertreatment

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Mullite is not only easier to produce than platinum, but also better at reducing pollution in diesel engines. Kyeongjae Cho. CO 2 + 2NO, NO 2 + C?CO

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Dallas Conversion

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2019

Long-term residential exposure to locally emitted black carbon (BC) from traffic exhaust increases the risk of stroke even in low-pollution environments, according to a study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet and other universities in Sweden. g/m 3 ) of black carbon from traffic exhaust, the risk of stroke increased by 4%.

Exhaust

Exhaust Carbon Pollution Universal

Researchers find isolated Pd atoms efficient low-temperature catalysts to convert CO in automotive exhaust

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2014

alumina supports along with a small amount of lanthanum oxide can efficiently turn the carbon monoxide in automotive exhaust into carbon dioxide at temperatures as low as 40 ?Celsius, At low temperatures, carbon monoxide builds up on the catalyst, decreasing its efficiency. Abhaya Datye , corresponding author and Prof.

Exhaust

Exhaust Convert New Mexico F-150

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

Panels show (a) PM 2.5 , (b) elemental carbon (EC), (c) NO x , (d) CO, (e) formaldehyde, and (f) sum of target VOCs. They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Emission rates for the 1.7

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

Achates near-zero heavy-duty opposed-piston diesel enters fleet service; compliant with 2027 NOx levels

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2022

The project team also demonstrated that the engine reduces carbon dioxide by 10%. The cleaner engine is able to deliver ultra-low NO x by managing exhaust gas temperatures to ensure rapid catalyst light-off and by maintaining aftertreatment temperatures at optimum operating conditions in all driving conditions.

Diesel

Diesel Fleet Peterbilt Eaton

Study finds that diesel school bus emission retrofits reduce tailpipe emissions, but dont do much for pollution in passenger cabin

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2011

A UCLA study of the performance of retrofit systems for diesel-powered school buses has found that while the systems significantly lowered tailpipe emissions, there was no unequivocal decrease for in-cabin air pollutants after retrofitting. and BC (black carbon). The combination of both increased the efficiency to 33%.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Diesel Exhaust

Study suggests early childhood exposure to traffic air pollution associated with later structural changes in brain

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2020

A new study suggests that significant early childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is associated with structural changes in the brain at the age of 12. Those regions denote a reduction in cortical thickness linked to elemental carbon attributed to traffic. PLoS ONE 15(1): e0228092 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228092.

Pollution

Pollution Exhaust Carbon 2020

Study Finds Elevated Ultrafine Particle Pollution Levels Near Regional Airports

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2009

Air pollution may pose an important but largely overlooked health concern for people living near smaller regional airports, according to a new study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Aircraft exhaust includes pollutants linked to a variety of health problems.

Pollution

Pollution Neighborhood 2008 Exhaust

WinGD and HHI-EMD extend collaboration to develop sustainable two-stroke engine technology

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2021

Key goals are to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions and toxic air pollutants such as NO x , cut fuel consumption and minimize the engine footprint through an integrated design optimized for both newbuilds and retrofits. technologies will enable improved engine performance with both LNG and future carbon-neutral fuels. development.

Engine

Engine Exhaust Gas Mariner

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2017

Researchers at Imperial College London, working with colleagues from King’s College London and University of British Columbia, have demonstrated a mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles directly affect the lungs to initiate symptoms such as a tightening of the airways and cough.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Pollution Guinea

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

A fleet average nonfuel nonexhaust VOC emission factor of 58 ± 39 mg veh –1 km –1 was calculated for the missing source, which is greater than the total of all VOCs emitted from vehicle exhausts and their associated evaporative fuel losses. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2023

A new study by researchers from Washington State University and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory has found that a catalyst using a single or just a few palladium atoms removed 90% of unburned methane from natural gas engine exhaust at low temperatures. The work is published in the journal Nature Catalysis.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Gas Carbon

IHS: continued legislative focus on pollutants to drive sensor market for internal combustion engines

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2014

The global market for sensors used in internal combustion engines (ICE) is on the road of steady growth for the next few years, propelled by increasing utilization in engine management and exhaust aftertreatment, according to a new report from IHS Technology. IHS projects that sensor shipments for ICEs will top 1.34 billion in 2013.

Pollution

Pollution Engine International Market

Researchers develop effective exhaust catalyst for lower temperature exhaust

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2017

To improve fuel efficiency, advanced combustion engines are being designed to minimize the amount of waste heat in the exhaust. As a result, future generations of exhaust after-treatment catalysts must perform at temperatures that are 100 °C lower than current catalysts. —Nie et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust New Mexico Mexico Washington

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

the E30 and E78—led to statistically significant reductions of 9%–13% for total hydrocarbon (THC); 13%–44% for non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC); 20%–35% for carbon monoxide (CO); and 17%–36% for nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions compared to the high-aromatics E10 fuel. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels.

Pollution

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions

IPG to demo Flameless Ceramic Turbine for clean, off-grid power in EV charging

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2020

IPG‘s flameless combustor uses the turbine exhaust and high heat transfer effectiveness through the IPG regenerator unit. Not only can IPG’s technology deliver low-emission, pollutant-free energy on today’s cleaner fuels.

Grid

Grid Cleaning Clean Power

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles. 10 ) of urban air, a fraction known to be enriched with non-tailpipe constituents.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

Optimized heavy-duty CI engine fueled with DME delivers diesel performance, significantly reduces engine-out emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2023

The engine was also equipped with an electrically driven volumetric pump in the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) path which gives the freedom to set any desired EGR rate, independently from the pressure ratios across the turbocharger. for carbon monoxide, DME, methane, benzene, toluene, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, formic acid).

Engine

Engine Emissions Diesel Fuel

Study finds automobile tires are a potential source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes to the environment

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2012

35% reinforcing agents/fillers such as carbon black or silica; and 15?20% Another material known to contain PAHs used in tire manufacturing is carbon black. Non-exhaust traffic sources of particles. These non-exhaust vehicle sources include: brake lining, tire and road-surface wear, and resuspension of road dust.

Environment

Environment Automobile Exhaust Oil

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2017

million project to find new catalytic materials that work at lower exhaust temperatures, allowing automakers to build vehicles that operate more efficiently while retaining the ability to clean emissions before they leave the tailpipe. Catalytic converters clean vehicle exhaust into nitrogen, water and carbon dioxide.

Houston

Houston Exhaust Engine Chrysler

ClearFlame Engine Technologies completes on-road demo of Class 8 truck with Cummins X15 running E98 ethanol

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2022

ClearFlame Engine Technologies, a a startup developing net-zero engine technology ( earlier post ), successfully completed an on-road demonstration of its proprietary technology that enables a heavy-duty truck diesel engine to operate on low-carbon and carbon-negative fuels, including 100% renewable plant-based fuels.

Engine

Engine Diesel Exhaust Fuel

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

The researchers found that while EVs do offer a very promising solution to energy issues due to their replacement of petroleum fuels, for now “ the high pollution levels of coal-fired power plants will trade off EVs’ potential energy benefits in China ”. Gasoline vehicle exhausts contribute very little to total national SO 2 emission (0.2%

Coal

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Pollution

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Diesel

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

Study finds use of high cetane fuel reduces all primary pollutants under advanced diesel combustion mode

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2011

A high ignition quality (high cetane number) fuel is well suited for operation under an advanced diesel combustion mode (High Efficiency Clean Combustion, HECC) and leads to reductions in all primary pollutant emissions—i.e., Furthermore, as chain length increases with the addition of carbons, cetane number increases.

Diesel

Diesel Pollution Fuel Emissions

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

Risø DTU Developing Electrochemical Method for Diesel Exhaust Treatment

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 30, 2009

Risø, the National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), is developing an electrochemical method for purifying exhaust, especially exhaust gases from diesel engines. Research on the electrochemical reduction of pollutants has been underway since 1975, when Pancharatnam et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Denmark Gas-Electric

KCL study finds London air pollution from traffic improving, but continues to exceed limits in many parts of city

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2016

New research by scientists at King’s College London suggests that air pollution from London’s roads is improving overall but more work may be needed to tackle some sources of traffic pollution, which continue to breach limits in many parts of the city. No data was available to compare trends in ΔPM 2.5 between the two periods.

London

London Pollution Parts Exhaust

US EPA seeking to award up to $1M for project to mitigate black carbon from diesel sources in Russian Arctic

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2011

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is soliciting proposals for a project to provide assistance in developing and implementing assessment and mitigation activities for diesel sources of black carbon in the Russian Arctic. Previous research on black carbon and climate overlooked that topic.

EPA

EPA Diesel Carbon Russia

NOAA and EPA Study Finds Highway Barriers May Reduce Pollutants as Well as Block Sound and Sight of Traffic

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2009

Highway barriers erected along roadways to block the sound and sight of traffic for the adjoining neighborhoods may also be reducing the amount of pollutants, such as soot from diesel exhaust, reaching area residents, according to a study by NOAA and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Dennis Finn. Dennis Finn, Kirk L.

Pollution

Pollution EPA Idaho Neighborhood

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

The California Air Resources Board (ARB) has released , for public review, a concept paper to initiate discussion on the development of a Short-Lived Climate Pollutant Reduction Strategy. Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) include methane, tropospheric ozone, black carbon, and fluorinated gases.

Pollution

Pollution Climate Concept California

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

For a number of the most important pollutants, levels were substantially lower than required by regulations. Emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were also significantly below required 2010 levels: 97% and more than 99.9%, respectively. All emissions characterization for ACES is being overseen by CRC. Background.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions 2004 San Antonio

BASF’s new four-way conversion catalyst: TWC plus particulate filter

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

The catalyst removes the gaseous pollutants and now also solids such as particulates from the exhaust gas flow. This is achieved by the internal structure of the conversion catalysts: exhaust gas catalysts are made of a special ceramic support, the monolith, which contains numerous parallel channels.

Conversion

Conversion Exhaust North America Gas

IMO sub-committee moving forward on prohibiting carriage of high-sulfur fuel oil

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2018

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) Sub-Committee on Pollution Prevention and Response (PPR) has agreed to move forward with a prohibition on the carriage of high-sulfur fuel oil for use on board ships, when that fuel oil is not compliant with a new low-sulfur limit which comes into force from 2020. Black carbon.

Oil

Oil Fuel Pollution Mariner

EEA report: EVs are better for climate and air quality

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2018

Battery electric cars emit less greenhouse gases and air pollutants over their entire life cycle than petrol and diesel cars, according to a European Environment Agency (EEA) report. In future, with greater use of lower carbon electricity in the European mix the typical GHG emissions saving of BEVs relative to ICEVs will increase.

Climate

Climate Pollution Gasoline-Electric 2017

Jatropha Biodiesel-FT Blends Reduce Most Criteria Pollutants Compared to Neat FT; Higher NOx

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2010

Higher ROHR (rate of heat release) at the premixed combustion and higher percentages of unsaturated fatty acids with double bonds in the carbon chain with B25, B50, B75, and B100 were the reasons for higher NOx emissions, according to the authors. However, NO x emissions were increased at higher loads with the JBD blended fuels.

B0

B0 Pollution Exhaust Diesel

Study shows two-stroke scooters dominant source of air pollution in many cities; asymmetric polluters

New exhaust catalyst features thermal durability and high reactivity at low operating temperatures

Study estimates ~4M children worldwide develop asthma each year because of NO2 air pollution

Two-year study in Canada finds large trucks disproportionately contribute to higher levels of black carbon pollution

Ricardo study finds electric and hybrid cars have a higher carbon footprint during production than conventional vehicles, but still offer a lower footprint over the full life cycle

UC Riverside team wins EPA design contest with lawnmower exhaust aftertreatment device

SwRI engineers develop near-zero emissions diesel engine technology; 90% reduction of NOx

DOE awards $17M to FY 2014 SBIR Phase II projects; includes Si/graphene anodes, motor windings, exhaust treatments

Achates opposed-piston 3-cylinder 10.6L diesel emissions meet 2027 EPA, CA requirements

New mixed-oxide catalysts shown as viable substitute for platinum catalysts for diesel exhaust aftertreatment

Study finds long-term exposure to black carbon from traffic exhaust at residential address increases the risk of stroke

Researchers find isolated Pd atoms efficient low-temperature catalysts to convert CO in automotive exhaust

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Achates near-zero heavy-duty opposed-piston diesel enters fleet service; compliant with 2027 NOx levels

Study finds that diesel school bus emission retrofits reduce tailpipe emissions, but dont do much for pollution in passenger cabin

Study suggests early childhood exposure to traffic air pollution associated with later structural changes in brain

Study Finds Elevated Ultrafine Particle Pollution Levels Near Regional Airports

WinGD and HHI-EMD extend collaboration to develop sustainable two-stroke engine technology

Researchers show mechanism by which diesel exhaust particles trigger respiratory “flare-ups”

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

New single-atom catalyst removes methane from engine exhaust at lower temperatures, while remaining stable at high temperatures

IHS: continued legislative focus on pollutants to drive sensor market for internal combustion engines

Researchers develop effective exhaust catalyst for lower temperature exhaust

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

IPG to demo Flameless Ceramic Turbine for clean, off-grid power in EV charging

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Optimized heavy-duty CI engine fueled with DME delivers diesel performance, significantly reduces engine-out emissions

Study finds automobile tires are a potential source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes to the environment

U. Houston-led project looking for new exhaust treatment catalysts for low-temperature lean-burn combustion engines

ClearFlame Engine Technologies completes on-road demo of Class 8 truck with Cummins X15 running E98 ethanol

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Study finds use of high cetane fuel reduces all primary pollutants under advanced diesel combustion mode

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Risø DTU Developing Electrochemical Method for Diesel Exhaust Treatment

KCL study finds London air pollution from traffic improving, but continues to exceed limits in many parts of city

US EPA seeking to award up to $1M for project to mitigate black carbon from diesel sources in Russian Arctic

NOAA and EPA Study Finds Highway Barriers May Reduce Pollutants as Well as Block Sound and Sight of Traffic

California ARB releases concept paper for public review on reducing short-lived climate pollutants

CRC ACES Phase 2 report finds emissions from modern heavy-duty diesels well below required levels

BASF’s new four-way conversion catalyst: TWC plus particulate filter

IMO sub-committee moving forward on prohibiting carriage of high-sulfur fuel oil

EEA report: EVs are better for climate and air quality

Jatropha Biodiesel-FT Blends Reduce Most Criteria Pollutants Compared to Neat FT; Higher NOx

Stay Connected