Carbon, Coal, Fuel and Gasoline-Electric

Carbon emissions from generating electricity for electric vehicles vary greatly across the individual US states

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2023

by Michael Sivak, Sivak Applied Research The overall advantage of battery electric over gasoline vehicles, in terms of well-to-wheels emissions of greenhouse gases, has been well documented. However, the emissions of electric vehicles depend greatly on the energy source used to generate the electricity that powers them.

West Virginia

West Virginia Emissions Carbon Vermont

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2021

The ICCT has conducted a comprehensive global and temporal life-cycle assessment of GHG emissions from a variety of alternative passenger car powertrains and fuels. Based on stated policies, it accounts for changes in the carbon intensity during the useful lifetime of the vehicles. Source: The ICCT.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Fuel Battery Batteries

Ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cells with HEA internal reforming catalyst for transportation applications

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2023

Researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of Connecticut have demonstrated high-performance metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFC) with an integrated high entropy alloy (HEA) internal reforming catalyst (IRC) for transportation applications using ethanol and methanol as fuels. —Hu et al.

International

International Fuel Transportation Water

Are Synthetic Fuels Really All They're Cracked Up to Be?

The Truth About Cars

JULY 25, 2024

With emissions regulations encouraging automakers to pivot toward tiny engines and all-electric vehicles, some have likewise expressed a renewed interest in synthetic fuels. Synthetic fuels first took off in Germany ahead of World War I as the demand for energy spiked across the region.

Fuel

Fuel Gasoline-Electric Coal Gasoline

EIA expects 7% increase in US energy-sector CO2 emissions as economic activity increases during 2021

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2021

Increased economic activity and a changing fuel mix in the electric power sector in 2021 will lead to a significant increase in energy-related carbon dioxide emissions this year, according to the US Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) August Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO). Gasoline prices averaged $3.14

CO2

CO2 Emissions Coal Energy

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2021

Key findings from the 1990-2019 US Inventory include: In 2019, US greenhouse gas emissions totaled 6,558 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents, or 5,769 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalents after accounting for sequestration from the land sector. and CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion up 2.6%

2005

2005 2019 EPA Climate Change

Cool Planet projects production of carbon-negative high-octane biogasoline for $1.50 per gallon

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2012

Cool Planet Energy Systems projects that using its patented mechanical process and novel scaling approach ( earlier post ), it will be able to produce high-octane carbon-negative (with the use of its bio-char byproduct) renewable gasoline at a cost of $1.50 The control car used 100% regular gasoline. earlier post ).

Carbon

Carbon Production Gasoline-Electric Google

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

million in Carbon Recycling International (CRI). Geely Group and CRI intend to collaborate on the deployment of renewable methanol fuel production technology in China and explore the development and deployment of 100% methanol-fueled vehicles in China, Iceland and other countries. —Li Shufu, Chairman of Geely Group.

Renewable

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2023

This reversal in 2022 was largely due to the substitution of coal with natural gas—a less carbon-intensive fuel—and a rise in renewable energy generation. The slight emissions increase in this sector was driven mainly by the demand for jet fuel as air travel increased relative to 2021.

Emissions

Emissions Oil Prices 2005 Coal

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions down 1.7% in 2016; carbon intensity of economy down 3.1%; transportation emissions up

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2017

These contributing factors included a decline in the carbon intensity of the energy supply (CO 2 /British thermal units [Btu]) of 1.7% Combining these two factors, the overall carbon intensity of the economy (CO 2 /GDP) declined by 3.1%. Transportation increase led by gasoline consumption. Motor gasoline accounted for 56.0%

2016

2016 CO2 Emissions Transportation

EIA projects US energy-related CO2 emissions to remain near current level through 2050; increased natural gas consumption

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2019

Carbon dioxide emissions from S energy consumption will remain near current levels through 2050, according to projections in EIA’s Annual Energy Outlook 2019. USenergy-related carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel energy consumption. US energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in AEO2019 Reference Case.

Gas

Gas Emissions Energy Coal

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The power of EVs is electricity from the grid. Coal and hydro are the two major energy sources of power generation in China, and the split between them varies by region. Credit: ACS, Huo et al.

Coal

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Pollution

List of The Best 10 Alternative Fuels for Cars that Could Replace Gasoline

Get Electric Vehicle

JUNE 5, 2023

Which are the alternative fuels for cars that could replace gasoline in vehicle? Are you aware of the most commonly used fuel in automobiles? The answer is petroleum fuels. The fossil fuels are highly significant in the global economy. The worlds’ energy requirements are mostly meet by these petroleum fuels.

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels Gasoline Fuel Gasoline-Electric

CMU study finds that coal retirement is needed for EVs to reduce air pollution

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2016

Electric vehicles charged in coal-heavy regions can create more human health and environmental damages from life cycle air emissions than gasoline vehicles, according to a new consequential life cycle analysis by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University.

Coal

Coal Pollution Grid Gasoline-Electric

EIA: energy-related CO2 emissions in US to fall 11% this year

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2020

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) forecasts that US energy-related carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions will decline by 11% in 2020. Stay-at-home orders, travel restrictions, and work-from-home arrangements reduced demand for motor gasoline, distillate fuel oil (primarily consumed as diesel), and jet fuel.

Emissions

Emissions Energy CO2 Coal

DOE: US average EV CO2e/year is 4,815 lbs, vs. 11,435 lbs for average gasoline car

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2016

Although all-electric vehicles (EVs) produce zero tailpipe emissions, there are upstream emissions of greenhouse gases from electricity production. Using electricity production data by source and state, the DOE’s Alternative Fuels Data Center has estimated the annual carbon dioxide (CO 2 e)-equivalent emissions of a typical EV.

Gasoline

Gasoline Vermont Alternative Fuels 2015

BNEF: Oil price plunge to have only moderate impact on low-carbon electricity development, but likely to slow EV growth

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 22, 2014

The collapse in world oil prices in the second half of 2014 will have only a moderate impact on the fast-developing low-carbon transition in the world electricity system, according to research firm Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Earlier Bloomberg New Energy Finance analysis showed that, with gasoline at $2.09

Oil Prices

Oil Prices Oil Price Carbon

Argonne releases GREET 2020

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2020

The GREET (Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy use in Transportation) tool provides a common, transparent platform for lifecycle analysis (LCA) of of the energy and environmental effects of a wide variety of transportation fuels and vehicle technologies in major transportation sectors (i.e., CO 2 -derived FT fuels and methanol.

2020

2020 Gas-Electric Lithium Ion Mariner

How to Hasten India’s Transition Away From Coal

Cars That Think

JUNE 24, 2022

per capita carbon dioxide emissions , according to a 2020 European Union report. The country’s electricity consumption in 2019 was nearly six times as great as in 1990. Fossil fuels dominate even though renewable energy generation in many parts of the world now. costs less than fossil-fuel-based electricity.

Coal

Coal Energy Storage Wind India

JEC updates well-to-wheels study on automotive fuels and powertrains; electro-mobility, natural gas and biofuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2014

WTW energy expended and GHG emissions for conventional fuels ICE and hybrid vehicles shows the potential for improvement of conventional fuels and ICE based vehicles. It adds an assessment of electrically chargeable vehicle configurations, such as plug-in hybrid, range extended, battery and fuel-cell electric vehicles.

Gas

Gas Fuel Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

Renewable-methanol fueled Geely cars in fleet testing in Iceland; 70% reduction in WTW CO2 compared to gasoline

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 12, 2017

For the last 18 months, a fleet of 6 methanol-fueled versions of the Geely Emgrand 7 cars have been in Iceland. The participants reported virtually no difference in driving experience compared to regular gasoline- or diesel-fueled cars. liter, 127 hp engine which can run on both 100% methanol (M100) and gasoline.

Iceland

Iceland CO2 Gasoline Renewable

IEA: carbon intensity of global energy supply has barely changed in last 20 years; “window of opportunity in transport”

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

In a fairly bleak assessment of global progress towards low-carbon energy, the International Energy Agency (IEA) concluded that, despite a few bright spots such as the rapid expansion of renewable technologies and the growth of hybrid and EV sales, the progress is far below that required to achieve a 2 °C pathway—i.e., Source: IEA.

Carbon

Carbon Supplies Global Transportation

DOE FY17 SBIR Phase I Release 2 topics include fuel cells, EV batteries, engines

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2016

The US Department of Energy (DOE) has announced the 2017 Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer (SBIR/STTR) Phase I Release 2 topics , including three subtopics focused on hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. The fuel cell topics: Innovative Materials and/or Technologies for Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cell.

Engine

Engine Fuel Hydrogen Batteries

Study suggests China urban passenger transport emissions could peak in 2030

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2019

A team of researchers in China suggest that, in the context of promoting the use of clean fuel vehicles and increasing vehicle fuel efficiency, CO 2 emissions of China’s urban passenger transport sector could reach a peak of 225 MtCO 2 in 2030.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions China Taxi

BP Statistical Review finds global oil share down for 12th year in a row, coal share up to highest level since 1969; renewables at 2%

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

Oil remains the world’s leading fuel, but its 33.1% Coal’s market share of 30.3% The averages hide a mixed picture by fuel, however. Oil demand grew by less than 1%—the slowest rate amongst fossil fuels—while gas grew by 2.2%, and coal was the only fossil fuel with above average annual consumption growth at 5.4%

Coal

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia

California ARB considering four new low-carbon fuel pathways; Neste renewable diesel and sugarcane molasses ethanol

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2013

California Air Resources Board (ARB) staff has posted four new Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) pathways to the LCFS web site. The CI of a fuel is determined by the sum of all greenhouse gas emissions associated with the production, transportation, processing and consumption of a fuel (its pathway). Earlier post.)

Renewable

Renewable California Carbon Diesel

EPA: US GHG fell 0.5% y-o-y in 2017; power sector down by 4.2%, transportation up 1.21%

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

This decrease was largely driven by a decrease in emissions from fossil fuel combustion, which was a result of multiple factors including a continued shift from coal to natural gas and increased use of renewables in the electric power sector, and milder weather that contributed to less overall electricity use.

2017

2017 EPA Transportation 2005

OriginOil, Carbon Sciences Apply for DOE Grants for CO2 to Fuels

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2009

Carbon Sciences, Inc., the developer of a biocatalytic process to transform CO 2 into low-carbon hydrocarbons (C 1 to C 3 ) for subsequent upgrading into higher-carbon fuels such as gasoline and jet fuel ( earlier post ), has also applied for an award under the FOA. mineralization), plastics, and fuels.

Grant

Grant Carbon Fuel CO2

EIA: US energy-related CO2 dropped 2.7% in 2015; of end-use sectors, only transportation increased

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2017

These factors included a decline in the carbon intensity of the energy supply (CO 2 /British thermal units [Btu]) of 1.8%; and a 3.4% Specific circumstances, such as the very warm fourth quarter of 2015 and relatively low natural gas prices, put downward pressure on emissions as natural gas was substituted for coal in electricity generation.

2015

2015 Transportation CO2 Energy

Duke study finds China’s synthetic natural gas plants will have heavy environmental toll; 2x vehicle GHG if used for fuel

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2013

Coal-powered synthetic natural gas (SNG) plants being planned in China would produce seven times more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional natural gas plants, and use up to 100 times the water as shale gas production, according to a new study by Duke University researchers published in the journal Nature Climate Change.

Gas

Gas Mercury Fuel Climate Change

Report finds says “negative emissions technologies” need to play a large role in mitigating climate change

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2018

To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, “negative emissions technologies” (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change, according to a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Emissions Carbon

Gas prices due to drop in 2024, as EVs plug into cleaner energy

Baua Electric

JANUARY 1, 2024

The cost of gasoline and the carbon footprint of EVs could both fall in the new year. Energy Information Administration (EIA) expects combined electricity generation from solar and wind to exceed coal for the first time in 2024. Offshore wind farm And as noticed by Ars Technica , the U.S.

Cleaner

Cleaner Plug-in Gas Price

Hybrid Kinetic H600 microturbine range-extended electric vehicle concept runs 0-100 km/h in 2.9 seconds

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2017

At the Geneva Auto Show, the China-based Hybrid Kinetic group unveiled the H600 microturbine range-extended electric vehicle sedan concept, produced together with its vehicle design and engineering partner, Pininfarina. seconds; the electric motors deliver combined maximum power of more than 600 kW.

Pininfarina

Pininfarina Concept Electric Vehicles Hybrid

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2012

Technology warming potential (TWP) for three sets of natural gas fuel-switching scenarios. (A) A) CNG light-duty cars vs. gasoline cars; (B) CNG heavy-duty vehicles vs. diesel vehicles; and (C) combined-cycle natural gas plants vs. supercritical coal plants using low-CH 4 coal. Source: Alvarez et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Gas Coal

ExxonMobil projects 25% energy demand increase between 2014-2040, 50% decline in carbon intensity; hybrids to be 40% of new car sales

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 25, 2016

At the same time, energy efficiency gains and increased use of renewable energy sources and lower carbon fuels, such as natural gas, are expected to help reduce by half the carbon intensity of the global economy. The company forecasts modest gains for plug-in electric cars, with cost and functionality remaining barriers.

2014

2014 Carbon Energy Fuel Economy

DOE to Award Up to $5M in Grants for RD on Hydrogen Production from Coal

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2009

The US Department of Energy has issued up to a $5-million Funding Opportunity Announcement (DE-FOA-0000103) to solicit laboratory-level R&D projects to develop novel technologies for producing hydrogen from coal. Electricity and hydrogen together represent one of the most promising ways to achieve these objectives.

Coal

Coal Hydrogen Grant Production

Spatially explicit life cycle assessment of 5 sun-to-wheels pathways finds photovoltaic electricity and BEVs offer land-efficient and low-carbon transportation

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 4, 2013

Direct land use, life cycle GHG emissions (excluding indirect land use change), and life cycle fossil fuel requirements to generate the transportation services provided by 17.8 × 10 12 MJ NCV of gasoline, the amount used in transportation in the US in 2009. Credit: ACS, Geyer et al. Click to enlarge. —Geyer et al.

Transportation

Transportation Carbon Conversion Li-ion

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

The same highly electrified scenarios, however, could not satisfy 80% GHG-reduction targets, even assuming 80% decarbonized electricity and no growth in travel demand. Within the transportation sector, the two basic options for reducing petroleum use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are fuel-use reduction and fuel substitution.

Carbon

Carbon EPRI Gasoline-Electric Climate

National Research Council Report on Americas Energy Future Highlights Vehicle Efficiency Technologies, Conversion of Biomass and Coal-to-Liquids Fuels, and Electrifying the Light Duty Fleet with PHEVs, BEVs and FCVs

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2009

Estimates of potential for gasoline consumption reduction in the US light duty fleet in 2020 and 2035 relative to 2007. Improvements result from an optimistic scenario achieving doubling of new vehicle fuel economy in 2035 from today’s value. Developing technologies for the conversion of biomass and coal-to-liquid fuels.

Coal

Coal Conversion Light Future

US EIA Reports Record-setting 7% Overall Decline in US Carbon Dioxide Emissions in 2009; Transport Emissions Down 4.1%, Lowest Percentage Reduction of the End-UseSectors

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

In 2009, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the United States saw their largest absolute and percentage annual decline (405 million metric tons or 7.0%) since the start of US Energy Information Administration’s (EIA) comprehensive record of annual energy data that begins in 1949. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge. between 2008 and 2009.

2009

2009 Emissions Carbon Transportation

Study finds removing corn residue for biofuel production can decrease soil organic carbon and increase CO2 emissions; may miss mandated 60% GHG reduction

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2014

Using corn crop residue to make ethanol and other biofuels reduces soil carbon and under some conditions can generate more greenhouse gases than gasoline, according to a major, multi-year study by a University of Nebraska-Lincoln team of researchers published in the journal Nature Climate Change. Liska et al. Click to enlarge.

Carbon

Carbon Emissions CO2 Nebraska

Lifecycle analysis finds Fischer-Tropsch diesel from coal and biomass with CCS can use less fossil energy than petroleum diesel, with GHG close to or below zero

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2011

A new study by Michael Wang and Jeongwoo Han at Argonne National Laboratory and Xiaomin Xie at Shanghai Jiao Tong University assesses the effects of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and cellulosic biomass and coal co-feeding in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) plants on energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of FT diesel (FTD).

Coal

Coal Diesel Energy Emissions

Argonne updates GREET and AFLEET tools for transportation technologies analysis

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2017

The most recent GREET versions are the GREET1 2017 version for fuel-cycle analysis and GREET2 2017 version for vehicle-cycle analysis. Added biomass-derived high octane gasoline via indirect liquefaction and renewable gasoline/diesel pathways from fast pyrolysis. The first version of GREET was released in 1996.

Transportation

Transportation Pollution Alternative Fuels Gasoline-Electric

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses. —Cohan and Sengupta (2016).

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal

Carbon emissions from generating electricity for electric vehicles vary greatly across the individual US states

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

Ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cells with HEA internal reforming catalyst for transportation applications

Are Synthetic Fuels Really All They're Cracked Up to Be?

EIA expects 7% increase in US energy-sector CO2 emissions as economic activity increases during 2021

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

Cool Planet projects production of carbon-negative high-octane biogasoline for $1.50 per gallon

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions down 1.7% in 2016; carbon intensity of economy down 3.1%; transportation emissions up

EIA projects US energy-related CO2 emissions to remain near current level through 2050; increased natural gas consumption

Tsinghua/Argonne Study Finds That Mass Use of EVs in China Could Result in Higher CO2 and Criteria Pollutant Emissions Than Conventional and Hybrid Gasoline Vehicles Due to Coal-Fired Generation of Electricity

List of The Best 10 Alternative Fuels for Cars that Could Replace Gasoline

CMU study finds that coal retirement is needed for EVs to reduce air pollution

EIA: energy-related CO2 emissions in US to fall 11% this year

DOE: US average EV CO2e/year is 4,815 lbs, vs. 11,435 lbs for average gasoline car

BNEF: Oil price plunge to have only moderate impact on low-carbon electricity development, but likely to slow EV growth

Argonne releases GREET 2020

How to Hasten India’s Transition Away From Coal

JEC updates well-to-wheels study on automotive fuels and powertrains; electro-mobility, natural gas and biofuels

Renewable-methanol fueled Geely cars in fleet testing in Iceland; 70% reduction in WTW CO2 compared to gasoline

IEA: carbon intensity of global energy supply has barely changed in last 20 years; “window of opportunity in transport”

DOE FY17 SBIR Phase I Release 2 topics include fuel cells, EV batteries, engines

Study suggests China urban passenger transport emissions could peak in 2030

BP Statistical Review finds global oil share down for 12th year in a row, coal share up to highest level since 1969; renewables at 2%

California ARB considering four new low-carbon fuel pathways; Neste renewable diesel and sugarcane molasses ethanol

EPA: US GHG fell 0.5% y-o-y in 2017; power sector down by 4.2%, transportation up 1.21%

OriginOil, Carbon Sciences Apply for DOE Grants for CO2 to Fuels

EIA: US energy-related CO2 dropped 2.7% in 2015; of end-use sectors, only transportation increased

Duke study finds China’s synthetic natural gas plants will have heavy environmental toll; 2x vehicle GHG if used for fuel

Report finds says “negative emissions technologies” need to play a large role in mitigating climate change

Gas prices due to drop in 2024, as EVs plug into cleaner energy

Hybrid Kinetic H600 microturbine range-extended electric vehicle concept runs 0-100 km/h in 2.9 seconds

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

ExxonMobil projects 25% energy demand increase between 2014-2040, 50% decline in carbon intensity; hybrids to be 40% of new car sales

DOE to Award Up to $5M in Grants for RD on Hydrogen Production from Coal

Spatially explicit life cycle assessment of 5 sun-to-wheels pathways finds photovoltaic electricity and BEVs offer land-efficient and low-carbon transportation

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

National Research Council Report on Americas Energy Future Highlights Vehicle Efficiency Technologies, Conversion of Biomass and Coal-to-Liquids Fuels, and Electrifying the Light Duty Fleet with PHEVs, BEVs and FCVs

US EIA Reports Record-setting 7% Overall Decline in US Carbon Dioxide Emissions in 2009; Transport Emissions Down 4.1%, Lowest Percentage Reduction of the End-UseSectors

Study finds removing corn residue for biofuel production can decrease soil organic carbon and increase CO2 emissions; may miss mandated 60% GHG reduction

Lifecycle analysis finds Fischer-Tropsch diesel from coal and biomass with CCS can use less fossil energy than petroleum diesel, with GHG close to or below zero

Argonne updates GREET and AFLEET tools for transportation technologies analysis

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

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