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ARPA-E to award $27M for advanced nuclear reactor systems operational technology: GEMINA

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The GE Research team aims to reduce operations and maintenance (O&M) costs by moving from a time- to condition-based predictive maintenance framework, using GE Hitachi’s BWRX-300 boiling water reactor as the reference design. Massachusetts Institute of Technology: High-Fidelity Digital Twins for BWRX-300 Critical Systems - $ 1,787,065.

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NASA awards $16.5M to four teams for additional research into reducing aircraft fuel consumption, emissions and noise

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NASA refers to this time period as N+3, representing technology three generations more advanced than what is in service today. Under the new contracts, the teams will now develop concepts and models that can be tested in computer simulations, laboratories and wind tunnels. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Mass.,

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NSF awards $20 million to two new testbeds to support cloud computing applications and experiments

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Cloud computing refers to the practice of using a network of remote servers to store, manage and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer. CloudLab will be a facility where researchers can build their own clouds and experiment with new ideas with complete control, visibility and scientific fidelity.

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Rule of the Robots: Warning Signs

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A 2019 analysis by researchers at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, found that training a very large deep learning system could potentially emit as much carbon dioxide as five cars over their full operational lifetimes.

Ford 138
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Robert Kahn: The Great Interconnector

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He was a theoretical guy, on leave from the faculty of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for a stint at the nearby research-and-development company Bolt, Beranek and Newman (BBN). In 1965, Larry Roberts, then at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory , connected one computer in Massachusetts to another in California over a telephone line.

New York 139
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Xerox Parc’s Engineers on How They Invented the Future—and How Xerox Lost It

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Some of these real-world offspring, like the Apple Lisa computer and the Hewlett-Packard LaserJet printer, took many of their root concepts from PARC; others, like the Ada computer language and the Intel 1103 dynamic RAM chip, are less closely related. MAXC set a pattern for PARC: building its own hardware.

Future 145
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How the Graphical User Interface Was Invented

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Throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, many of the early concepts for windows, menus, icons, and mice were arduously researched at Xerox Corp.’s From the Alto’s concepts, starting in 1975, Xerox’s System Development Department then developed the Star and introduced it in 1981—the first such user-friendly machine sold to the public.

Design 144