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An analysis of the US refining sector, based on linear programming (LP) modeling, finds that refining plausibly high volumes of Canadian oilsands crudes in US refineries in 2025 would lead to a modest increase in refinery CO 2 emissions (ranging between 5.4% to 9.3%) from a 2010 baseline, depending upon the supply scenario.
In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. —Brandt et al.
The California LCFS calls for at least a 10% reduction from 2006 levels in the carbon intensity (measured in gCO 2 e/MJ) of California’s transportation fuels by 2020. Discouraging these fuels will simply increase costs while failing to prevent their export to and consumption by other nations. NPRA President Charles T.
From a cost perspective, the potential of alternativefuels is of limited, if any value, according to the lead report written by James Bartis, a RAND senior policy researcher. Pending a major technical breakthrough, renewable jet and marine fuels will continue to be far more expensive than petroleum-based fuels, Bartis said.
Building on LCFS policies already adopted in Europe, British Columbia, and California, the researchers looked at potential costs and benefits of reducing the carbon intensity of transportation fuels by 10 to 15 percent by 2030. Create separate fuel pools for gasoline and diesel. We did not shy away from controversy.
Ecotec engine had the fuel injectors mounted to inject fuel into the intake ports. This design supports improved performance, emissions and fueleconomy over the previous combustion system. The Ecotec LAF sand cast cylinder block is a superior refinement of the 2.4L Piston head and oil cooling jet.
To maximize performance and efficiency there are five driver selectable drive modesConserve, Normal, Excite, Slippery and Snow/Sand. The Environmental Protection Agency, EPA , rates fueleconomy at 33 highway and combined when running in hybrid mode only. Your numbers may differ.
Running on 87 octane, the front wheels (all-wheel drive is not available) are driven through a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT) that has five driver selectable drive modes of Eco, Normal, Sport, Slippery and Snow/Sand. The Environmental Protection Agency, EPA , rates fueleconomy at 40 highway when running in gasoline mode only.
To maximize performance and efficiency there are five driver selectable drive modes of Conserve, Normal, Excite, Slippery and Snow/Sand. The Environmental Protection Agency rates the Corsair’s fueleconomy at 33 mpg highway and combined when running in hybrid mode only. Your numbers may differ. The first Lincoln with a plug.
Clean Fleet Report perks up when we hear about a vehicle not known for getting good fueleconomy being reimagined to be more efficient and easier on the environment at the same time. With no battery charge the gasoline engine kicks-in resulting in the lower fueleconomy number. liter turbocharged gasoline engine.
The “wet” part of a DCT means it uses oil to improve lubrication and cooling. A “dry” DCT does not use oil, but is the more fuel efficient of the two types. The EPA rated the Santa Cruz’ fueleconomy at 19 mpg city/27 highway/22 combined. A torquey turbo four. The tail end is where things get interesting.
The architecture is also designed to support hybrid propulsion systems and alternativefuels. The high-pressure casting method produces a more dimensionally accurate block that requires fewer machining operations than conventional sand-cast blocks. A die-cast aluminum oil pan contributes additional structural strength.
will become less common over the next 10-years and that a mix of alternativefuel vehicles including electric, biofuel, hydrogen and solar will and is now seeing tremendous market growth. You also repeat the "peak oil" argument that Ive been reading since the 60s. We have oil! Think Bakken and Alberta sands.
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