Green Car Congress

JANUARY 5, 2011

ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company has filed a US patent application (# 20100326387 , published 30 December 2010) on methods using a wide range of fuel-alcohol blends to expand the operating envelope of engines operating in advanced combustion modes. reduced maximum rates of pressure increase during HTHR.

Alcohol Blend 199

Alcohol Blend Fuel Range Gasoline 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2013

This fuel’s exhaust emissions contained the lowest total oxygenates among the alcohol blends and the lowest NMOG of all fuels tested. McCormick (2013) “Impact of Higher Alcohols Blended in Gasoline on Light-Duty Vehicle Exhaust Emissions,” Environmental Science & Technology doi: 10.1021/es402793p.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Alcohol Blend Light Emissions 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

2014) “Novel Characterization of GDI Engine Exhaust for Gasoline and Mid-Level Gasoline-Alcohol Blends,” SAE Int. 2015.11.019 Storey, J., Szybist, J., Fuels Lubr. 7(2):571-579 doi: 10.4271/2014-01-1606.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

Alcohol and gasoline-alcohol blends also offer efficiency benefits independent of their octane value. Higher octane fuel improves the efficiency of today’s engines through reduced spark retard (from optimum) at high loads, and could enable even higher efficiency if engines were optimized for higher-octane fuel.

Engine 150

Engine Fuel GM Ford 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

d) further provides for alcohol blends as follows: Special provisions for alcohol blends. (1) Initial tests conducted in Europe have confirmed that hydrous ethanol can be blended effectively with gasoline without phase separation or other problems. As used in this section and Sec. 40 CFR § 80.27(d)

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317